[miscellaneous publications on agriculture in mississippi] v.1

7/29/2019 [Miscellaneous publications on agriculture in Mississippi] v.1

1/69Publ

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[Miscellaneous publications on agriculture in Mississippi] v.1

State College, Miss. [etc., etc.] 1949-50.

http://hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924014565760

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ture

er " y , br r y

onagricultu

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S TI MA T S

CT I ON C O S T S

T R N A T I V C RO PS ,

P I D L T A

mesP . lia ines

conomics

tofA griculture

x perimentStation

ctor

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S T I MA T S O S P C I I D P RO DU CT IO N CO ST S

D A L T R N A T I V C RO PS ,

I D L T A 1 /

mesP . Ga ine s /

eagerestrictionsin 1950bringsintosharp

alternateuses forland.Thecostestimatesin

oruse instudyingthisproblemandto assistfarmers

sthatmustaccompanyreductionsin cottonacreage.

ostsfor anycropitis necessarytoassumea

mbinationofsuch levels,andasetof production

ducingthecrop.Cropsaregrownin thisareawith

mulepowerandhalf-rowequipmenttotractorpowerand

thalmosteveryconceivablecombinationoftheseand

pment.Productionpractices,too,varywidely.The

ofequipmentusedinmakingthesecalculationsare

ngsineachcase.In mostcasestractorpowerand

used.Theproductionpracticesassumedarethoseusually

area withsomemodificationfore perimentstation

largerstudyofthemechanizationofcottonand

pibeing conductedcooperativelybytheMiss-

perimentStationandtheB ureauofA gricultura l

din partbyfundsappropriatedundertheResearch

mist, B ureauofA griculturalE conomics,

m ist, MississippiA griculturalE x perimentStation.

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din-andfertilizationrates.Toaskthesimplequestion,

oducingcotton(oranyothercrop) w ithoutspecify ing

e practicestobeused isnotunlikeaskinghow

ewY orktoChicagowithoutspecifyingthemodeof

ken.

osegenerallye istinginthearea atthepresent

dtosuit individualsituations.Itmightbewellto

tionestimatesare basedonaveragesandshouldbe

variationsfromtheaveragewouldresult inchanges

ample , thechargeof$. 70perhourfora four- row tractor

nualuseof104days.A greaterorlessuse ofthe

lowerorhigherhourlycharge.

tedinthis reportdo.notrepresentabsolutepro-

nlyselectedproductionitemsused ingrowingthese

nmadefor landorhiredmanagementnorhavecharges

suchas buildingrepairsanddepreciation,ta esand

sportation,etc.beenmade.F orthesereasonsthecost

relativeandusefulfor comparativepurposesonly.

madeoncottonfor fourproductionsituations.

full-rowequipment,andhandharvest (2)tractor

ntandhandharvest (3)tractorpower,four-rowequip-

and(U)tractorpower,four-rowequipmentandmachine

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culationsencottonarelistedbelow:

hour

r

hour

erhour

urof

nt.33perhour

ment.46perhour

our

wt. of

0.00perton

trate)75.00perton

mid)60.00perton

erpound

.095perpound

pound

n).60per cwt.seed

cotton) . 75percw t. seed

bale

quipment

forgrowingcottonwithmule powerandfull-row

ble1.

erisusuillydrilled withaone-rowplanterand

rstchopping.Thisnecessitatesahigh rateof

producingthe croprequiresnospecialskills soit

rate.Itis estimatedthat35hoursoflabor per

hoppingandhoeing.

nsectcontrolwillvarywidelyfromyearto year.

oapplicationsof10poundsofcalcium arsenateeach

hecostof operatingtwo-rowandfour-rowtractors

w ereusedthesameamountof t ime. Largetractors

morethansmallones.

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ing anaverageseason.

alsovarywidelybetweenseasons.Therateof

on usedincludeschargesforhaulingpickersnad

cks.

eenconsideredin thesecalculationsayieldof

enassumed.Thisyieldshouldresultin theproduction

undsofcottonseedperacre.

quipment

forgrowingcottonwithtractor powerandtwo-

nTable2.

nnercan behill-droppedtoastandthereby

vinginseed.In addition,somewhatlesslaboris

ultivation,whichcosts appro imately$ .60per

ed inconjunctionwithregularcultivation,further

inlabor requiredforchoppingandhoeing.

inthissystemmusthave somemechanicalskill

achines.This typelaborcommandsasomewhat

alculationswas chargedat$ .50perhour.

dturnoutshouldbeno differentfromthatpro-

-rowE quipment

forgrowingcottonwithtractor powerandfour-

andandmachineharvestare presentedinTable2

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ofspecifiedproductionitemsforproducing oneacre

andfull-rowequipment,Y azoo-Mississippi

h

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sofspecifiedproductionitemsforproducing one

ctorequipment,Y azoo-Mississippi

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sofspecifiedproductionitemsforproducing oneacre

equipment,handandmachineharvest,

/

b.

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ationsforproducingcotton underthissystemare

wo-rowequipmente ceptthatperformanceratesare

er,andmachineryuse arerequiredperacre.

essomewhatnewconsiderations.Thecostofoperat-

kerin cottonyieldingabaleper acreamountsto

Thesecostsinclude l bor, pow erandoperatingcosts, both

hemachine. A certainamountofcottonisw astedby

onthegradeof machinepickedcottonissomewhat

dwill sellforalowerprice. Thosetwoitemshave

ncostsand arechargedunder" associatedlosses ,

eshavebeen enteredascost,grossreturnsperacre

ndandmachineharvestingmethods.Itis important

scalculatedhereassumetheuse ofamodernginwith

derginswithoutlintcleanerswill resultinan

Seefootnote7,Table 3).Theseedturnoutonthe

thodofharvestwill beappro imately8 30poundsper

C RO PS

oductioncostshavebeenpreparedfor certain

edataarc presentedinTablesA through10.These

setheyarewell adaptedandcanbdgrownon most

vidualfarmer,inconsideringalternativestocotton,

deringeconomiccriteria,take intoaccountthe

ailablemanagementonhisparticularoperation.In

aidavailablemarketsmustbeconsidered.

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secalculationsarelistedbelow:

hel

er bushel

0per bushel

shel

pound

65perpound

ound

pound

ound

pound

trate)3 8 0percw t.

mmonia).35pergallon

r

ur$ /

hour5_/

ySeeindividualtable6/

ery See indiv idua ltables6/

our

our

6perhour

ll

edon astudyrecentlymadeinthe Delta.Itwillbe

esthe machinerychargeagainstaparticularcrop

sout ofthefactthatmanymachines,especially

roduction,areusedverylittle.Thissmall amount

verheadorf i edcostperhour. It isreasonable

ageofothercropsincreases,thec ostofoperating

rease.

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roducing

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ws,

torequip-

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powerandequipmentforproducing100acres

grain,tractor power,Y azoo-Mississippi

ns

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zer,labor,powerand equipmentforproducing

,tractorpower,Y azoo-MississippiDelta,

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bor,power,andequipmentforproducing 100acresof

ats,tractorpower,Y azoo-MississippiDelta.

cresC ostPerUnitTota lC ost

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erand equipmentforsummerfallowing100acres

inand aftergreenmanurecrop,Y azoo-

p:2/

eldcultivator,

turn undergreenmanurecropand3 plowings

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lizer,labor,power,and machineryforestablishing

sof pasture,Y azoo-MississippiDelta,l/

ightdisc,harrowand drill.

ng -cloverandfescue:

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dCostofBuildingoneMileof F ourStrand,H eavyWeight,

azoo-Iassis3ippiDelta,

0

5

,hrs.

stofConstructingOneMileofT/ovenWire F ence,Y azoo-

25

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^ ^ * % M

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ernatives

preparedforuse by

orkersinplanning

ntsfortheperiod

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swillrequiredrasticadjustments

andsubsequentyears.Inseeking

ationsonalternatecashcropsforthe

uralCommitteeofDeltaCouncilcalled

turalE conomicsandtheMississippi

mentStationforhelpindevelopinginfor-

by farmersinmakingshortterm

eseadjustments.

epreparedbyGradyB.Crowe,

st, B ureauofA gricultura lEconomics,

nd, C ooperatingA gent, BureauofA gricul-

ssissippiA gricultura lEx periment

werereviewedandapprovedbya

DeltaCouncilA griculturalCom-

oftheF ederalandStategroups

fundsappropriatedunderthe

ct.

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ernatives,Y azoo-MississippiDelta

econtrolsoncottonitis

utandadopt alternative

ge inordertoma imizefarm

vidualcaseanddecisions

emadeon anindividual

le tow ork outtypicale amples

farmersinmakingthese

thisreportto budgetsuch

theeffectofdifferent

dincome.

rationofafarmis adiverse

merisconstantlymakingand

cthisoperation.Someof

icaladaptationsandtheuse

smustbebasedon economic

nceswhichoperateto equal-

ghthemediumofprice are

orethefarmermustoperate

oftheseand othermanage-

ttainmentoflaborand

dwaterconservation,physical

at anyfarmercanhopefor

ooptimumeff iciencyandma -

ngle croppingpatternwill

ta hardandfastpattern

eriodoftime.The very

myprecludessucha happen-

remelydif ficulttomak eanec-

eenterprisewithoutcon-

ofthefarmorganizationand

ementaryandcomplementary

.Certainlyanyenterprise,other

dsto laborandmachinery

kesa contributionwhich

nsideringthe enterpriseas

relationshipsbetweenenter-

ationsarethe verybasisfor

eredproductioncosts and

mprofits.Insteadof becoming

ngmoreabsolutelytrue,as

lfallinto twobroadclas-

reconsideredshort-runad-

whichmustbe plannedinterms

eDeltahaslongbeen an

andhayfarmingwithlittle

hanworkstock.F armsof

tegory.L ivestockfarming,

rying,fallin thesecond

ablethat mostofthead-

illbe oftheshort-runnature.,

asons.Thereis adecided

ndlivestockmanagementin

nitetimelagwhenshifts

estockandawayfromthe

nterpriseofcotton.Most

olivestockwillprobablydo

eprogramsunderwayin

nof managementitwill

shifttolivestockslowly

nedbasis.

stocottonin theDeltaa

answeredwithrespect to

irst, istheenterpriseadaptedtothe

ngintheareaandonthepar-

marketsavailabletohandlethe

gementw iththe" k now how to

thefarm fourth,doesthe

ingsystem andf if th, are

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ntly completedinthe

aborderlinecaseastow hether

mulesora tractorasasource

s anyalternativeearningpower

fproduction,thetractorpower

per.Ontheotherhand,if labor

hemuleswouldprobablybea

edinthisreportthat a2-row

entwouldbeused onthis

equipmentonoperationsof

derablylessthantheaverage

eseitemsis calculateddif-

eroperationswhereuseap-

alculatingdepreciationonsmall

atone-halfof thisitemisdue

orationandone-halfisdueto

erlifeforthe machinethan

veragenumberof days.N o

remadein thecalculationof

andvariablecost changed

alcropping patternsonefamily

essaryto operateaunitof

w daysofcottonchoppinginthe

borforcotton harvesting.It

tralaborwouldbeneeded

sh G r ai n U ni t

cashgrainunit isoutlinedonpages

onen thiscroplandunit

ton,12acresof oats,and12acres

emainderofthecropland,after

age,totwo crops,oatsand

wsabetterdistribution of

orefficiency.It alsoprovides

rotationi ntheinterestof

,too,thatoatsand soybeans

imesofthe yearallows

ngingforthe customharvesting

refavorableonthesandy

ee pectedsincemostcrops

fland.

C OT TO N C A S H G R A I N U N

A Z O O- MI SS IS SI PP I D L T A

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CT IO N C OS TS F O R O A T S A N D B A N S

C A S H G R A I N U N I T . BU C S H O T SO I ,

I D L T A

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CT I ON C O ST S F O R C O TT O N .

C A S H G RA I N U N I T . SA N D L O A M S OI ,

I D L T A

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C I I D CO ST SB E N T R PR IS S ,

C A S H G RA I N U N I T . SA N D L O A M S OI .

I D L T A

dCosts

dCosts

dCosts

sh G r ai n a n d H a y Un i t

c a sh g r ai n a n d ha y u ni t i s

9. Thecroplandorganization

resof cotton,12acresof

hay,8 acresofsoybeansand

quirementsonthis typeof

erentfromthoseon theunit

returnsstandpoint,thereis little

eof anorganizationandthe

nunit.

r,morecropsaregrown

reagesaresmallerandthe in-

pedezahay,further increased

work.Whilegrowingsomany

rssomediversificationit is

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O R O A T S A N D L E S P D Z A H A Y F O L O WI N G O A T S

C A S H G RA I N A N D H A Y U N IT .B UC S H O TS OI ,

I D L T APublicDomain,

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ORCOTTON

C A S H G RA I N A N D H A Y U N IT .S A N D L O A M S OI .

I D L T A

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O R B A N S A N D C O R N

C A S H G RA I N A N D H A Y U N IT .S A N D L O A M S OI ,

I D L T A

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enoughtoprovidefor ef-

chineryand costsofthese

donthebasis ofaverageusein

dprovidethelabor forthis

ptionoflaborforcotton chopping

handmethodisemployed.

e twooperationsmustbe

gpatterns,two4-rovvtractors

machinerywouldprovidesuf-

ry.

sh G r ai n U ni t

cashgrainunit isoutlinedon

nit consistsof130acre^ of

d 95acresofsoybeans.Were

toonecropit ishighlylikely

enecessaryforthe harvest.

onresultsina higherre-

odsareused.This, however

mostmoderngins forprocess-

ginswillgreater detractfrom

achinesin harvestingcotton

ioninfarmoperatinge penses.

tsare higherthanforbuck-

differenceinyieldbetweenthe

R S C OT TO N C A S H G R A I N UN I T B S OI T P S ,

D H A N D PI C E D CO TT ON ,

I D L T A

dE x penses:

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I D L T A

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C I I D CO ST SB E N T R PR IS S .


I D L T A

d

d

d

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CT IO N C O ST S F O R OA T S A N D B A N S ,

C A S H G RA I N U N I T , SA N D L O A M S OI .

I D L T A

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C ashGrainandHayUnit

c a sh g r ai n a n d ha y u ni t i s

ough1 . Thisunitconsistsof

resofoats,followedbylespedeza

and30 acresofcorn.Muchof

aboveisalsoapplicabletothis

encebetweenthisunitandthe

grainunitdiscussedaboveisthe intro -

ollowingoats.Itis significant

returnstolandandmanage-

ngine cessof$1000.

R C O TT ON C A SH G R A I N A N D H A Y U N I TB

I N E A N D H A N D P IC E D C OT TO N .

I D L T A

dE x penses:

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CT I ON C O ST S F O R C O TT O N ,

C A SH G RA I N A N D H A Y U N I T, BU C S H O T SO I ,

I D L T A

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C A SH G RA I N A N D H A Y U N I T. BU C S H O T SO I ,

I D L T A

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CT I ON C O ST S F O R C O TT O N ,

C A SH G RA I N A N D H A Y U N I T, SA N D L O A M S OI .

I D L T A

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C A SH G RA I N A N D H A Y U N I T. SA N D L O A M S OI ,

PD L T A

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erpossibilit iese istforim-

ombinationsintheinterestof

purposes,however,thepower

ntsforthisunitwouldbe about

reunit. A gain,practicallyall

d.

kershavebeenusedin

ancesonlyonemachinewould

sizeandsomecottonwould

theseason.Thisisoccasioned

ofcottonwouldnot usually

womachines.

sh G r ai n U ni t

hgrainunit isoutlinedonpages19

tedmechanicallyshowsagreater

estedbyhand eventhough

sonthis unitarenotusedto

gthegrainlandbetweentwo

siveuseof thetwocombines

R C OT TO N C A S H G R A I N U N I T, B S OI T P S ,

D H A N D PI C E D CO TT ON .

I D L T A

am

E x penses:

am

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C A SH G R A I N A N D H A Y U N I T. BU C S H O T A N D

OM BI N A T I O N , Y A Z O O -M IS SI SS IP PI D L T A

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C I I D CO ST SB E N T R PR IS S .

C A S H G R A I N U N I T , BU C S H O T SO I .

I D L T A

dCosts

d

d

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nsonmajorcrops

.

s)

s

dmachinery-

w,fertilize,plant,8 cultivations(3withflame),

orhand).

rtilize,4cultivations(2 withflame),harvest

ationsandharvest.

arrow,drill,fertilizeand combine.

w,rakeand bale.

tofseed, fertilizer,labor,power,andmachineryfor

fferenttypesof pasture.Y azoo-MississippiDelta.

zing Oats:

ightdisc,harrowand drill.

zng cloverandfescue:

isc,

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V . EstimatedC osto fConstructingOneMileofWovenWireF ence,

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ww.h


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[miscellaneous publications on agriculture in mississippi] v.1

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