mis bba(eve) & bba (morn) 6th lec 123456
TRANSCRIPT
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
MIS MIS BBA (Eve) & (Morn) BBA (Eve) & (Morn)
66thth Course Overview & Course Overview &
IntroductionIntroductionModule 1Module 1
Course Lecturer: Farhan MirCourse Lecturer: Farhan Mir
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Lectures 123 Lectures 123 AdministrationAdministrationIntroducing Myself (which you already know)Course IntroductionFew Words on Articles & Additional ReadingsSuggestions and criticism about previous semestersSuggestion for future course of actionMIS OverviewMy Website as Online Resource Center
(www.themirs.net)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Course LecturerCourse Lecturer (Brief (Brief Introduction)Introduction)
Farhan Azmat Mir
MIMS [Monash University Melbourne]
MBA (MIS) [B.Z.U] Gold Medal
Some Words regarding my Academic and Professional Life
Serving as Assistant ProfessorServing as Assistant Professor
7 Years at IMS (as Lecturer)7 Years at IMS (as Lecturer)
Some Words on the FutureWorking on Research papers
Compiling Case Studies in the areas of MIS, E-Business & HRM
PhD in HRM
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Current Responsibilities at Current Responsibilities at IMSIMSCoordinator MBA & BBA-IT Program
Curriculum Development and ReviewCurriculum Development and ReviewAll office documentation (Course Files and All office documentation (Course Files and Quality documents)Quality documents)Coordination with Permanent & Visiting Faculty Coordination with Permanent & Visiting Faculty membersmembersStudent application and documentation Student application and documentation evaluationevaluationClass Scheduling and MonitoringClass Scheduling and Monitoring• Internship & Placement CoordinatorInternship & Placement Coordinator
• Arrangements of InternshipsArrangements of Internships• Monitoring progress throughout the internship Monitoring progress throughout the internship
time periodtime period• Scheduling and conduct of Internship VivasScheduling and conduct of Internship Vivas
• Scholarship CoordinatorScholarship Coordinator
• Student AdvisorStudent Advisor
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Current ResponsibilitiesCurrent Responsibilities
At University LevelPart of many committeePart of many committee
Convocations & Major EventsSports
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
My Introduction: My Introduction: Consultation Consultation MethodMethod Best through e-mail address
([email protected]) OR
In case of submission of assignment through email ([email protected])
After/before lectures on lecture day OR
Announced Timings in case of Assignments or Reports
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
My Introduction: My Introduction: InterestsInterests
Social & Cultural Change
Religion
History &Art
Creativity & New Ideas
Sports
PersonalityDevelopment
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
My InspirationsMy Inspirations
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
My InspirationsMy Inspirations
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Favourite QuotesFavourite Quotes"Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them: A desire, a dream, a vision. They have to have last-minute stamina, they have to be a little faster, they have to have the skill and the will. But the will must be stronger than the skill." -Muhammad Ali
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Course Course Administration &Administration &RequirementsRequirements
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Course AdministrationCourse Administration
Exams and AssessmentBasically 2 exams method Mid & Basically 2 exams method Mid & FinalFinal
30 Mid
50 Final
20 Sess
Eliminating one Exam suggests Eliminating one Exam suggests that there is a clear room for that there is a clear room for more practical work (so you must more practical work (so you must start getting worried about it !!!)start getting worried about it !!!)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Lecture NotesLecture NotesAvailable from Photostat shop before lectures or preferably one day before the start of new week
Usually the lecture material will cover the topics of one weekLecture Notes also now available online on the given website address (www.themirs.net/MIS.html)Lecture Notes will not be in detail format rather these will contain topics of discussion and important announcements regarding assessments.
Most Importantly Lecture Notes are just a supporting material and students must not forget to read books for detail and complete understanding (In case of Management as a subject you need to do extensive reading on topics under discussion & look for majority of web sites for practical know how)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Course AdministrationCourse AdministrationSessionals
Written assignments (Small Tasks) (details in Written assignments (Small Tasks) (details in coming lectures)coming lectures)
Idea is to initiate research oriented writing not “cut-copy-paste”
Attendance, Presentations, Quiz & Class Attendance, Presentations, Quiz & Class Discussion & Participation (as a regular activity)Discussion & Participation (as a regular activity)
Volunteer presentations (you must not be that Volunteer presentations (you must not be that familiar with this kind of stuff but you need to familiar with this kind of stuff but you need to respond to it quickly!)respond to it quickly!)
Sessional’s loot saleSessional’s loot sale
Formal Presentations in groups and if you want Formal Presentations in groups and if you want to take it one step ahead you could arrange to take it one step ahead you could arrange small seminars for other classes (preferably small seminars for other classes (preferably your juniors) on given “Research Topics”your juniors) on given “Research Topics”
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
How to get more marks?How to get more marks?
RequirementsOverall Class AttitudeOverall Class Attitude
Things to Avoid (Referencing, Cut-Copy-Things to Avoid (Referencing, Cut-Copy-Paste Culture, Carelessness, leg-pulling)Paste Culture, Carelessness, leg-pulling)
Things to do (Innovation, Confidence, Things to do (Innovation, Confidence, Work Attitude)Work Attitude)
Sense of Maturity and continuous Sense of Maturity and continuous learninglearning
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
One of the Major One of the Major SessionalSessionalCase Study Presentation
Students in groups of 5-6 will choose an Organization Students in groups of 5-6 will choose an Organization enabled with Information Systems (Preferably a Pakistani enabled with Information Systems (Preferably a Pakistani Organization)Organization)Written Case should be developed on the given format (A Written Case should be developed on the given format (A model format will be discussed in upcoming lectures)model format will be discussed in upcoming lectures)Students need to develop a proper case study using the Students need to develop a proper case study using the case study development guidelinescase study development guidelinesEventually will present their findings in the shape of a Eventually will present their findings in the shape of a Presentation in front of the class or classes on MultimediaPresentation in front of the class or classes on MultimediaStudents need to submit both Hard (Printed) and Soft Students need to submit both Hard (Printed) and Soft copies (Computer files) of the Case itself and that of the copies (Computer files) of the Case itself and that of the PowerPoint Presentation PowerPoint Presentation This is day 1 so you can start working now!This is day 1 so you can start working now!I will myself present at least one Case Study well before I will myself present at least one Case Study well before the presentation schedule so that you people have an the presentation schedule so that you people have an idea idea
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Last Year Case StudiesLast Year Case Studies
Accounting System – WASA
Fault Management System – PTCL
Inventory Management System – Pakarab
Sales Management System – Shalimar Glass Company
Examination System – IMS
Internet Customer Relation Management System – Mobilink
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Course OrientationCourse OrientationBasically Theoretical focus & Practical as well
Introduction of Concepts and Issues regarding Information Systems (This subject is developed in case study mode: it means that there are lot of case studies)
ButThe practical orientation will also be also be a major The practical orientation will also be also be a major focus of the course (this will include practical focus of the course (this will include practical demonstration on multimedia)demonstration on multimedia)
Lecture notes will include more graphical explanation Lecture notes will include more graphical explanation of things to give more practical orientation about of things to give more practical orientation about concepts & applications especially the websitesconcepts & applications especially the websites
Formal Presentation from Students will also work in Formal Presentation from Students will also work in this regardthis regard
Video or Audio Presentation will also be part of the Video or Audio Presentation will also be part of the lectures lectures
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
ExaminationExamination
I personally believe in “thorough studies” so usually no choices given in the examEvery thing discussed, during the class or given as reading material, could be part of the examsQuestions will be formulated in a way to examine both bookish as well as conceptual thinking Other details will be given close to MidI will try to follow my simple rule that is
“ “ I’ll be very friendly in the lectures and very I’ll be very friendly in the lectures and very strict in the exam hall strict in the exam hall (believe me no (believe me no chance of misconduct…)”chance of misconduct…)”
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Text and ReferencesText and ReferencesFocus will be on topics rather Chapters of any text
Many Text/books are available in market Charles Parker, Thomas Case. (2000).
“Management Information Systems: Action & Strategy”. (2nd Ed). McGraw Hill Book Company
Kenneth C. Laudon & Jane P. Laudon (2001). “Management Information Systems: Managing a Digital Firm”.(7th Ed). Prentice Hall Company.
ButNot necessarily every thing is taught from the Text, Students need to broaden their view and consult as many additional references as possible (Preferably available in local market and from the Internet)This time few simple yet important articles also be discussed during the lecturesCase Studies are now a definite part of the curriculum
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Guidelines for me as
an Instructor
True Knowledge
not stories
Class Environment
Updated Teaching
Methodology
Neutral Assessment (Objective)
Competency & Skills
Learning not Teaching
Miscellaneous
(Regularity, Consultancy,
Support etc)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Expected Outline & Expected Outline & TopicsTopicsIntroduction to IS
Systems and ModelsSystems and ModelsTypes of SystemsTypes of Systems
Systems in the E-Business ContextManagement & Decision MakingIT FundamentalsTransaction Processing and Reports System Mid Term ExamsDSS & Knowledge-Based SystemsSystem Development revisedIS Development MethodologiesMIS in the Fundamental Areas of Business (Will be covered through case studies)Contemporary Issues & Trends (You will cover it through your research work and Presentations/ Seminars)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
(Introduction to (Introduction to IS)IS)
The Basics of The Basics of Information SystemsInformation Systems
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Introduction to ISIntroduction to IS
What is a System
What are these systems?
The Historical Background
Why IS/MIS? (Goals & Objectives)
The scope of MIS
The current International status
The new trends
The challenges and issues
Counter Strategies
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
SystemsSystemsA system is made up of a number of parts combined in a particular way to do something useful. We think of the combined parts as a single thing and we give it a name.
Wheels, axles, pedals, gears, chain, seat and
handlebars are combined to form a single whole
we call a bicycle. A bike is a system when all the
parts are connected correctly because it allows the rider to move from one place to another more easily.
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Systems…..Systems…..Examples
UniversitiesUniversities
Departments
Staff
Courses
Hostels etc.
Environment
Logical Arrangements
Class RoomClass Room
Whiteboard
Chairs, Tables
Technologies (projectors)
Teachers
Students
Non-physical Things (Guess what could be?)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Systems is therefore… Systems is therefore… Interrelated Elements that collectively work to achieve a common goal
Physical ElementsPhysical Elements
Logical constitutionLogical constitution
System Environment (internal Vs. external influences)System Environment (internal Vs. external influences)
Basic Purpose is “Systematic”Words like “Arrangements, Coordination”Words like “Arrangements, Coordination”
Objectives of Systems (clear definition, optimization)Objectives of Systems (clear definition, optimization)
TypesOpen Vs. ClosedOpen Vs. Closed
For a look at a simple system, go through the link:
http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/physgeog/contents/http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/physgeog/contents/4b.html4b.html
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
What are Information What are Information Systems?Systems?
“An organized combination of people, hardware, software, networks and data resources that collect, transforms, and disseminates information in the organization.” James O’Brien (1998).
IS theory is however extremely vast and various classification & definitions are available on MIS
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
What is an What is an Information Information SystemSystem
Composed ofHardwareHardware
SoftwareSoftware
DataData
PeoplePeople
Procedures Procedures
PurposeTo aid in the operation or To aid in the operation or
management of an management of an organizationorganization
In the Business context also known as
Management Information Management Information System (MIS)System (MIS)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
What is an Information What is an Information System?System?
Input ofData
Resources
Input ofData
Resources
Processing Data
Processing Data
Output ofInformation
Products
Output ofInformation
Products
Control of System PerformanceControl of System Performance
Storage of Data ResourcesStorage of Data Resources
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Components of Information Components of Information SystemsSystems
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
IS vs. ITIS vs. ITIS stands for Information System
The entire system, including people, The entire system, including people, procedures, hardware, software, and procedures, hardware, software, and datadata
IT stands for Information TechnologyCan refer to just the hardware and Can refer to just the hardware and software and possibly the datasoftware and possibly the data
But often these are treated a synonyms
Especially in the job marketEspecially in the job market
IS Departments & IT Departments may IS Departments & IT Departments may be same thingbe same thing
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
BackgroundBackgroundOperational Efficiency
Computers replacing manual activitiesComputers replacing manual activities
Speed, accuracy, efficiency, capacitySpeed, accuracy, efficiency, capacity
Sooner Managers realized that information could be a Key Business Asset
Information initially as a by-productInformation initially as a by-product
Data Vs InformationData Vs Information
The realization about information potential and the The realization about information potential and the need to manage it for competitive advantageneed to manage it for competitive advantage
The Early (Past) Information SystemsSlow computing & very expensiveSlow computing & very expensive
Time consuming system development and Time consuming system development and information managementinformation management
Failure StoriesFailure Stories
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
IS PerspectivesIS PerspectivesOperational activities
Automating the daily transactionsAutomating the daily transactions
Management supportHelping the managers in decision making by Helping the managers in decision making by providing accurate and timely informationproviding accurate and timely informationNow systems also provide not only the information Now systems also provide not only the information but intelligent solutions of any given problem but intelligent solutions of any given problem
KMSupporting the Knowledge Creation and most Supporting the Knowledge Creation and most importantly Knowledge Sharing among members of importantly Knowledge Sharing among members of the organizationthe organization
Networking and e-activitiesEnhancing Communication and Information Sharing Enhancing Communication and Information Sharing by providing a platform and new business activities by providing a platform and new business activities and ventures through Internet and World Wide Web and ventures through Internet and World Wide Web (e-Commerce)(e-Commerce)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Major Types of Systems
• Executive Support Systems (ESS)Executive Support Systems (ESS)
• Decision Support Systems (DSS)Decision Support Systems (DSS)
• Management Information Systems (MIS)Management Information Systems (MIS)
• Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) (KMS)Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) (KMS)
• Office Automation Systems (OAS)Office Automation Systems (OAS)
• Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Different Kinds of SystemsDifferent Kinds of Systems
Operational-Level SystemsSupport operational managers by Support operational managers by keeping track of elementary keeping track of elementary organizational activities and organizational activities and transactionstransactions
Systems answer routine questions and Systems answer routine questions and track the flow of transactions through track the flow of transactions through the organizationthe organization
i.e. – systems to record bank depositsi.e. – systems to record bank deposits
Or track the number of hrs worked each Or track the number of hrs worked each dayday
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20201212 IMSIMS
Transaction Processing Transaction Processing SystemsSystems
Transactionprocessingsystem
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20201212 IMSIMS
TYPICAL TPS APPLICATIONSTYPICAL TPS APPLICATIONSExample in a University like usExample in a University like us
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF SYSTEMS:Admissions, grade records, course records
MAJOR APPLICATION SYSTEMS:Registration system, student transcript system, curriculum class control system
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20201212 IMSIMS
Another ExampleAnother Example(A Payroll System)(A Payroll System)
Hoursworked
Payrate
Payrolltransactionprocessing
Payrollchecks
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20201212 IMSIMS
What happens to TPS What happens to TPS data?data?
Managers need sophisticated reports to help them understand and analyze data.
created by a management information systemcreated by a management information system
Management information system can be a synonym for the term “information system” or refer to a type of information system.
characterized by production of routine reports characterized by production of routine reports that managers use for structured and routine that managers use for structured and routine taskstasks
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Management Support Management Support SystemsSystemsManagement Information Systems
(MIS) – provide information in the form of pre-specified reports and displays to support business decision making.
Decision Support Systems (DSS) – provide interactive ad hoc support for the decision making processes of managers and other business professionals.
Executive Information Systems (EIS) – provide critical information from MIS, DSS, and other sources tailored to the information needs of executives.
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
MISMIS
MIS is short for management information system or management information services, and pronounced as separate letters
MIS refers to a class of software that provides managers with tools for organizing and evaluating their department. Typically, MIS systems are written in COBOL and run on mainframes or minicomputers.
Within companies and large organizations, the department responsible for computer systems is sometimes called the MIS department. Other names for MIS include IS (Information Services) and IT (Information Technology).
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
MIS (The Central Systems)MIS (The Central Systems)
Commondatabases
Marketingmanagementinformation
system
FinancialmanagementInformation
system
ManufacturingmanagementInformation
system
Ordermanagementinformation
system
TPS
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Office AutomationOffice Automation
An office automation system “automates” or computerizes, routine office tasks.
word processing softwareword processing software
spreadsheet softwarespreadsheet software
scheduling softwarescheduling software
e-mail softwaree-mail software
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Can decisions be Can decisions be automated?automated?
Information systems do not make decisions. The manager analyzes the data and reaches a decision.An expert system, sometimes referred to as a “knowledge-based system”, is a computer system designed to analyze data and produce a recommendation or decision.
uses a set of facts or rulesuses a set of facts or rules
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20201212 IMSIMS
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Information Flow Between various IS
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Goals & ObjectivesGoals & Objectives
Operational Efficiency
Functional Effectiveness
Customer Service
Product Creation & Enhancement
Competitive Advantage
Communication and Networking
Control & Feedback
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Role & Scope of ISRole & Scope of ISPervasiveness of IS
Distribution, Payroll, Marketing IS (MkIS), Library Distribution, Payroll, Marketing IS (MkIS), Library Systems, Student Enrollment, Inventory, Air Systems, Student Enrollment, Inventory, Air Reservation, Artificial Intelligence and Expert System Reservation, Artificial Intelligence and Expert System etc.etc.
Almost all Business Functional Areas now have IS
Finance, Marketing, Communication, Sales, Customer Finance, Marketing, Communication, Sales, Customer Support & Service, ManufacturingSupport & Service, Manufacturing
Management Support (that’s why managers putting lot of Investment in IT/IS)
MIS MIS
Decision SupportDecision Support
Knowledge Management
NetworkingEDIEDI
E-BusinessE-Business
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Examples of Information Examples of Information SystemsSystems
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20201212 IMSIMS
Why Information Why Information SystemsSystems
Institute of Institute of Management Management SciencesSciences(A Mini Case)(A Mini Case)
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20201212 IMSIMS
Institute of Management Institute of Management SciencesSciences
Current status is thatNumber of Courses (Degrees) IncreasingNumber of Courses (Degrees) Increasing
Number of Students & Staff logically Number of Students & Staff logically increasing tooincreasing too
Number of Admissions increasingNumber of Admissions increasing
Number of Exams and Results IncreasingNumber of Exams and Results Increasing
Other Pressures!!HECS looking for standardization (Course Curriculums, HECS looking for standardization (Course Curriculums, Course Plans, Monitoring, Research at University Course Plans, Monitoring, Research at University (resources for researchers)(resources for researchers)
Public want informationPublic want information
Key Stakeholders (Administration, Employees, Instructors Key Stakeholders (Administration, Employees, Instructors and students) need convenienceand students) need convenience
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Institute of Management Institute of Management SciencesSciences
All major processes are information based
Clear need for systematic approach (Here comes the role of Information Systems)And we are on our way towards that (Admission system, Exam system, Monitoring system, Website)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
The Rise of the The Rise of the New EconomyNew Economy
IS enabling the Emergence of IS enabling the Emergence of Digital Firms & Digital EconomyDigital Firms & Digital Economy
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Digital Firm: Organization where nearly all significant business processes and relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled, and key corporate assets are managed through digital means
Internal processes (IS & Intranet)External Processes (E-Commcerce & Extranet)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
The Digital RevolutionThe Digital Revolution
In the Digital Revolution the economy is based on digital technologies including:
Digital communication networksDigital communication networks
ComputersComputers
SoftwareSoftware
Other related information technologiesOther related information technologies
Also called:Internet economyInternet economy
New economyNew economy
Web economyWeb economy
The Scope of Traditional Systems?????
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20201212 IMSIMS
The Digital Revolution and The Digital Revolution and
the Role of IS the Role of IS The global platform includes these characteristics
A vast array of digitizable productsA vast array of digitizable products
Consumers and firms conduct Consumers and firms conduct financial transactions digitallyfinancial transactions digitally
Microprocessors and networking Microprocessors and networking capabilities embedded in physical capabilities embedded in physical goodsgoods
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20201212 IMSIMS
The Digital Revolution and The Digital Revolution and
the Role of IS the Role of IS This convergence enables all types of information (data, audio, video, etc.) to be stored, processed, and transmitted over networks to many destinations worldwideWeb-based IS are accelerating the digital revolution by providing competitive advantage to organizations
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20201212 IMSIMS
Contributions of IS Contributions of IS towards modern towards modern OrganizationsOrganizations
Types of Pressures and IS as a Types of Pressures and IS as a solutionsolution
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20201212 IMSIMS
Business PressuresBusiness Pressures
The term business environment refers to the social, economic, legal, technological, and political actions that affect business activities
Business pressures are divided into the following categories:
Market (economic)Market (economic)
SocietalSocietal
TechnologicalTechnological
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20201212 IMSIMS
Major Business Pressures & Major Business Pressures & the Role of ISthe Role of IS
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20201212 IMSIMS
Organizational ResponsesOrganizational Responses
Strategic Planning and SystemsProvide organizations with strategic Provide organizations with strategic advantages, enabling them to:advantages, enabling them to:
Increase their market shareBetter negotiate with their suppliersPrevent competitors from entering into their territory
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20201212 IMSIMS
Organizational Organizational Responses Responses Continuous improvement efforts
Many companies continuously Many companies continuously conduct programs to improve:conduct programs to improve:
Productivity
Quality
Customer service
Business process reengineering (BPR)Strong business pressures may Strong business pressures may require a radical changerequire a radical change
Such an effort is referred to as Such an effort is referred to as business process reengineering business process reengineering (BPR)(BPR)
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20201212 IMSIMS
Organizational Responses Organizational Responses
Business alliancesAlliances with other companies, even Alliances with other companies, even competitors, can be beneficialcompetitors, can be beneficial
Virtual corporation—Virtual corporation—electronically supported electronically supported temporary joint venturetemporary joint venture
Special organization for a specific time-limited mission
Electronic marketsOptimize trading efficiencyOptimize trading efficiency
Enable their members to compete globallyEnable their members to compete globally
Require the collaboration of the different Require the collaboration of the different companies and competitorscompanies and competitors
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Organizational Responses Organizational Responses
Reduction in cycle time and time to market
Cycle time reduction—shortening the Cycle time reduction—shortening the time it takes for a business to time it takes for a business to complete a productive activity from complete a productive activity from its beginning to endits beginning to end
Extremely important for increasing Extremely important for increasing productivity and competitivenessproductivity and competitiveness
Extranet-based applications expedite Extranet-based applications expedite steps in the process of product or steps in the process of product or service development, testing, and service development, testing, and implementationimplementation
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Organizational Responses Organizational Responses
Empowerment of employees and collaborative work
Employees given the authority to act Employees given the authority to act and make decisions on their own and make decisions on their own improves improves
Productivity Customer relationship management (CRM)
Empowered sales people and Empowered sales people and customer service employees:customer service employees:
Make customers happy quicklyHelp increase customer loyalty
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20201212 IMSIMS
Putting It All Together Putting It All Together
Major concern of today’s companies—how to transform themselves to take part in digital economy
Example:Toys, Inc.Uses intranet for internal Uses intranet for internal communications, collaboration, communications, collaboration, dissemination of informationdissemination of information
Networked to e-marketspaces and Networked to e-marketspaces and large corporationslarge corporations
Corporate portal (Website) for Corporate portal (Website) for communication and collaboration with communication and collaboration with business partnersbusiness partners
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20201212 IMSIMS
Information Systems Information Systems ConclusionConclusion
International Environment, International Environment, Latest Trends & Latest Trends & Management IssuesManagement Issues
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20201212 IMSIMS
Conclusion: Information Systems Model (Paradigm)
System
HardwareSoftware
DatabasesNetworks
Information
Collected,Processed,
Stored,Displayed/ Printed
Transmitted
IS Personnel
Users
Knowledge Management
Decision Support
Alliances &E-Business
DataProcessing
DatabaseManagement
Model by Farhan Mir
Standards/Procedures
AI & Expert Systems
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Current Current International International EnvironmentEnvironmentLast Decade (Heavy Investment
in IT/IS)
Success & Failure Stories
Our local Industry is gradually Our local Industry is gradually adopting the technologyadopting the technology
IS a normal life necessity
Banks (ATM)Banks (ATM)
Communication & Communication & EntertainmentEntertainment
Government Essentials Government Essentials (Registration, civil (Registration, civil administration)administration)
Continuous improvement & research
The hottest area of academic The hottest area of academic interestinterest
Ongoing Debates ( IT Bubble Ongoing Debates ( IT Bubble burst)burst)
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20201212 IMSIMS
New TrendsNew Trends
Media popularity (Hype Factors)IS-related topics in debate
KMKMDSSDSSTele-working/Virtual OrganizationsTele-working/Virtual Organizations
Online Services (Everything going “e-”) (e-Banking, e-Learning and many more)
Information Based Products (Software, Music, Consultancy, Travel Agencies etc.)
New Coming Lot of ProfessionalsIS-Business Relationship
Better Understanding about IT among Businessmen Better Understanding about IT among Businessmen and Graduatesand GraduatesIS based businessesIS based businesses
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20201212 IMSIMS
Contemporary IssuesContemporary IssuesIS Theory seems to be still in evolutionPeople/Management a trouble area (Lack of understanding and resistance)Keeping yourself updated (choice of technologies)Investment Analysis for ISInteraction between IT and other functional areasCareer Development For us as Academic participants (Teachers & Students)
Controversial area of study (Hype another Controversial area of study (Hype another factor)factor)Still the most demanded course in field of Still the most demanded course in field of ITIT
Have a look at some debates:http://www.csc.com/features/http://www.csc.com/features/2001/21.shtml2001/21.shtmlhttp://www.csc.com/features/http://www.csc.com/features/2002/22.shtml2002/22.shtml
CEOs from mars and CIOs from pluto
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
Counter StrategiesCounter Strategies??????????? (More Questions than answers)Circumstances change from situation to situation and organization to organizationContinuous search for better IS optionsKnowledge about IS issues is more crucial than having the latest technologyRecommendations
Analysis of the IS decisions will require same Analysis of the IS decisions will require same care and deep thinking as done for other care and deep thinking as done for other business and functional problems/situations business and functional problems/situations or decisionsor decisions
Project Management (perhaps the best Project Management (perhaps the best method)method)
© Farhan Mir© Farhan Mir
20201212 IMSIMS
ReferencesReferencesCharles Parker, Thomas Case. (2000). “Management Information Systems: Action & Strategy”. (2nd Ed).
Kenneth C. Laudon & Jane P. Laudon (2001). “Management Information Systems: Managing a Digital Firm”.(7th Ed)
James O’Brien. (1998). “Introduction to Information Systems: A Networked Enterprise Perspective”. (2nd Ed).
Chris Woodward (2001), CSC Research Services. Creating Information Systems Harmony(http://www.csc.com/features/2001/21.shtml)
CSC Research Services. CEOs are from Mars, CIOs are from Pluto(http://www.csc.com/features/2002/22.shtml)