mis 3020 - abap programming lecture 1 introduction to the abap workbench
TRANSCRIPT
MIS 3020 - ABAP Programming
Lecture 1Introduction to the ABAP
Workbench
Objectives to introduce
the ABAP integrated development environment
the two main ABAP application types reporting dialog programming
Order of Presentation Purpose and Function of the ABAP Workbench Workbench Tools:
Object Navigator (Repository Browser) The ABAP Language The Repository Information System Test and Analysis Tools Menu & Screen Painter The Data Modeler ABAP Query The Workbench Organizer The Class Builder
ABAP WorkbenchPurpose & Function
SAP’s Integrated Graphical Programming Development Environment: Used to create/change ABAP application programs Each ABAP application program is either a report or
a transaction: Reports are applications that retrieve and display
information from database with little or no user interaction Transactions accepts inputs/data from users and then
perform one or more relevant actions, usually involving updating databases
ABAP WorkbenchPurpose & Function
The Workbench can be used to write ABAP code design dialogs/screens with a graphical
editor create menus with a menu editor debug an application test an application for efficiency control access to objects under development create new or access predefined database
information
ABAP WorkbenchPurpose & Function
Comprises the following tools The Object Navigator (aka Repository
Browser) the ABAP Language
the Screen and Menu Painters the Repository Information System the Data Modeler various test and analysis tools the ABAP Query the Workbench Organizer
R/3Repository
ABAPProcessor
Debugging Trace Test Tuning
Reporting Screen
Painter
FunctionModules
AB
AP
Or g
aniz
erTransport System
MenuPainterData
Modeler
ABAPDictionary
ABAPEditor
ABAP Workbench Architecture
The Workbench Screen All R/3 screens have a similar ‘look and
feel’ screens consist of
screen titlebar menu bar standard toolbar application toolbar screen body message line
Menubar
Standard toolbar
Application toolbar
Message line Client Server
Screen title-bar
The Object Navigator (The Repository Browser)
central tool for organizing and managing your personal development objects
used to navigate through development object lists where development objects are the components
used to construct an application automatically calls other workbench tools
if you create a new data definition the browser calls the Data Dictionary, and then returns to the browser after the definition is created
The ABAP Language
Advanced Business Application Programming developed by SAP for the interactive development
of application programs 4th Generation Language (with some OO features) main uses for ABAP programs include
creation of new reports development of new user dialog programs (transactions) customisation of R/3 to meet individual client needs
Reporting uses ABAP Open SQL to extract
data from the R/3 database Open SQL is a subset of ANSI SQL
report consists of a [selection screen] and a list screen selection screen allows the user to
enter selection criteria list screen displays the report data
Selection Screen
ListScreen
ABAP Open SQL
Report
R/3 Database
Dialog Programming
Dialog Programs (Transactions) are used for both reading and changing the database
Main Components of a Dialog Program are screen & menus processing logic defined in an ABAP program
(module pool) for each screen, interaction and control flow from
one module to another is defined in DYNPRO data structures defined in the ABAP dictionary
Development Environment
ABAPDictionary
ScreenPainter
ABAP MenuPainter
Runtime Environment
Dialog Processor ABAP Processor
Dialog Programming - Overview
TransactionCode Module Pool
0100
0200
0300
ScreenFlowLogic
PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT.
MODULE INITIALISE.
PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
MODULE READ-ITAB. MODULE ....
MODULE INITIALISE Clear ITAB.ENDMODULE.
MODULE READ-ITAB. Select * From ITAB Where...
ENDMODULE.
MODULE...... : :ENDMODULE.
DIALOG DIALOG CommunicationCommunication ABAP ABAP
12
3
4
Graphical Elements Toolbar
Currently Edited Field
Graphical Screen Painter
Menu Painter
The Repository Information System
The Repository Information System is used to search for objects in the R/3 system and provides list of all objects X with attribute/s Y the Where Used List which gives a list of every place
that object X is used throughout the R/3 system information about foreign key relationships between
tables display of data (all records in table X with attribute Y)
Test and Analysis Tools ABAP Editor
syntax checker tests for coding and syntactical correctness provides automatic ‘correct’ facility in case of an error, provides a detailed
(although sometimes obscure) reason for the error
extended syntax check searches out situations that might possibly
result in a runtime error (eg, inconsistent interface parameters)
warns about use of literals instead of text elements
Test and Analysis Tools Debugger
finds logic errors provides ability to
stop the program anywhere during runtime
continue statement by statement skip over subroutines check or change the contents of variables
and internal tables on the fly
Test and Analysis Tools Runtime analysis
used to determine the performance, (absolute and relative) of the various parts of an ABAP program
can provide statistics on the efficiency of
code database accesses R/3 system itself
The Data Modeler graphical tool that utilises E-R
modelling tightly coupled to the data dictionary
possible to click on an object in the model (ie, an entity), and retrieve related data from the dictionary, (ie table - structure, contents)
create the data model and the dictionary can create the table automatically
ABAP Query Automated report generator
user not required to know ABAP language can generate
basic lists, statistics, ranked lists To define a report
enter individual texts, such as titles select the fields and options which determine the report
layout assign a particular sequence by numbering the fields.
The system generates each query in the form of an ABAP program.
Workbench Organizer records and controls changes to
objects ABAP Programs, Dictionary Objects,
Screens, User Interface Definitions, … provides assistance for organizing
development projects by allowing you to distribute project work
for individual developers or teams among different change requests
Workbench Organizer interface to the Transport mechanism
movement of applications from development test production environments
prevents parallel, uncoordinated changes to the same object, (version control) even when many copies of the object
exist in several, connected SAP systems
Summary & Conclusion
this lecture provided an overview of the tools that comprise the ABAP Development Workbench
of these the editor /syntax checker/debugger is the combination that we will use most frequently
it is essential that you be able to use the tools to navigate around the workbench find,execute,change development objects
Related Reading
OnLine Help R/3 Library ... Basis Components ...
ABAP Workbench BC ABAP User’s Guide
ABAP Basics Overview of the Components of
Application Programs ABAP Workbench Tools
Recommended ABAP Texts ABAP/4: Programming the SAP R/3 System, Bernd Matzke Developing SAP’s R/3 applications with
ABAP/4, Rudiger Kretschmer, and Wolfgang
Weiss Introduction to ABAP/4 Programming for
SAP, Revised and Expanded Edition by Gareth M. De Bruyn, Robert Lyfareff