millets and climate change, mar 24, 2010
DESCRIPTION
Presentation by dr. P.V. Satheesh at the North East Consultation on 'Millets' - 24th and 25th March 2010TRANSCRIPT
CLIMATE CHANGE
Whose Climate,
Whose Change?
Climate of Institutionalisation
• Focus on eco industry
• Ecological entrepreneurs
• Eco scientists
• Eco institutions
Government Climate
• PM’s Climate Change Plan
• Epochal Plan has no space for people and participation
• Formal Science, Conservationists, industry and bureaucracy
• Seven missions
Climate of Contradictions
• Revitalizing and upscalingcommunity-based initiatives such as joint Forestment Management and Van Panchayat committees for forest management
• Enhancing public and private investments for raising plantations for enhancing the cover and the density of forests.
Biodiversity Climate
• Creation of biodiversity registers(at national, and local levels) for documenting genetic diversity & associated trad knowledge
= commodification, IPR regime
• Effective implementation of the National Biodiversity Conservation Act, 2001
Adaptation Climate
• Not adaptation, but response.
We will fight climate change with our knowledge. We will refuse to roll over and adapt.
• Let our vulnerable communities lead the path, not once again become helpless recipients
AGRIBIZ Climate
• Focus would be on improving
productivity of rainfed
agriculture. India will spearhead efforts at the international level to work towards an ecologically sustainable green revolution.
G E Climate
• make Indian agriculture more resilient to climate change.
• develop new varieties especially thermal resistant crops and alternative cropping patterns, capable of withstanding extremes of weather, long dry spells, flooding, and variable moisture availability
G E Climate
• This will be supported by the convergence and integration of traditional knowledge and practice systems, information technology, geospatial technologies and biotechnology
G E Climate
• Use of genetic engineering to convert C-3 crops to the more carbon responsive C-4 crops to achieve greater photosynthetic efficiency for obtaining increased productivity at higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere or to sustain thermal stresses
Climate Compliant Crops
• High Heat, low rainfall
• Drought conditions
• High malnutrition
• Millets as answers to all these challenges
• Wheat & rice may disappear
Heat & The Millet
• Sorghum and high heat
• Bajra and high heat
• Drought tolerance capabilities
• Natural C4 crops
• Thermally sensitive wheat
• GHG producing paddy rice
Comparision of Water Requirement of Different Crops
(in mm)
300 350450
2100
350400 500
600
1250
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Water requirement (mm)
Pulses
Bajra (Pearl millet)
Ragi (Finger millet)
Jowar (Sorghum millet)
Groundnut
Maize
Cotton
Rice
Sugarcane
Water guzzlers vswater conservers
Price Water Couper
• One kg of paddy needs 3-4000 litres of water
• If priced for water, will cost Rs.40 per kg @ one paise/litre; rice: Rs.70
• Every acre of paddy uses up 6 mlnlitres of water
• Imagine the savings by millets
Rain Uncertain
• Traditional millet farming systems, diversity
• Early rain, normal rain, delayed rain, low rain, heavy rain: a solution for every rain
• Non irrigated environments
• Uniform experience all across India
415.31.51.211.8Wheat
100.70.60.26.8Rice
179.31.57.67.7Little millet
312.83.3812.3Foxtail millet [KORRA]
3443.92.73.67.3Finger millet [RAGI]
3816.92.31.310.6Pearl millet [SAJJA]
Cal(mg)
Iron (mg)
Min (g)
Fibr(g)
Protein
(g)C R O P
Carbon Sequesters
• Traditional millet cropping systems
• Legumes with sorghum and millets
• Carbon sequestering capacity
Honouring Millets
* ANNOUNCE• Biodiversity bonus
• Water conservation bonus
• Climate change bonus
• Rs.5000/Ha for minor millets
• Rs.2000/Ha for major millets
• Peanuts in front of 140000 crsubsidy on chemical fertilisers
People - Climate
• Food, nutrition and health Sovereign communities
• Dryland communities where most poor and marginalised live
• Non irrigated rainfed crops
• Create multiple securities
• Honour and build communities of the poor and the marginalised
WE HAVE
THE POWER
TO HEAL
THE PLANET