miller_future radar and satellite technology

7/29/2019 Miller_Future Radar and Satellite Technology

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Future Radar and SatelliteTechnology

Daniel C. Miller National Weather Service

Columbia, SC


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The Big Idea

New radar and satellite technologywill improve NWS operations!


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Outline Introduction

Part I. Dual-Polarization Radar Technology Benefits What is it? Applications When?

Part II. Next Generation Weather Satellite Benefits and New Features Applications When?

Conclusion


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Part I. Dual-PolarizationRadar Technology

Photo courtesy of NSSL


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Dual-Polarization Radar TechnologyKey Benefits

Better Determination of Precipitation Type

Better Estimates of Rainfall Amount

Better Detection of Hail


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What does Dual-Polarization Mean?


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What does Dual-Polarization Mean?


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How Is Dual-Polarization Radar Technology Useful?

Image courtesy NSSL


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How Is Dual-Polarization Radar Technology Useful?

Image courtesy NSSL

= Size(| + ) = Shape (| + ) = Variety

Dual-Polarization Radar tells us about the size,

shape, & variety of objects.


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Differential Reflectivity (Z DR)

P h

P v P v

P h ~ P vZDR ~ 0

P h >> P vZDR >> 0

ZDR ~ 10log (Ph/Pv) (dB)

P h


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ZDR Values for Hail ~ 0 P h ~ P v


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Differential Reflectivity (Z DR)Applications

Differential Reflectivity (Z DR )Reflectivity (Z H)

Image courtesy CIMMS-OU


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Differential Reflectivity (Z DR)Applications

Differential Reflectivity (Z DR )Reflectivity (Z H)

Hail !! Image courtesy CIMMS-OU


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Correlation Coefficient (CC) A statistical correlation that describes the similarities in

the backscatter characteristics of the horizontally andvertically polarized echoes.

It is a good indicator of regions where there is a mixtureof precipitation types, such as rain and snow.


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What precipitation is liquid,frozen, or mixed

2.4 o Reflectivity Product

Using CC to Differentiatebetween Rain & Snow

Frozen

Liquid

Melting

2.4 o Correlation Coefficient Product

Image courtesy NSSL


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Specific Differential Phase (KDP)

Measures the rate of change of horizontally andvertically-polarized phase shift with distance

Improves Precipitation Amount Estimates Detects where most liquid water content is Removes effect of hail contamination


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When will Dual-Polarization Radar Technology Arrive?

4 NWS beta test sites Fall 2010 Nationwide installation 2011-2012

Columbia, SC (CAE)


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Summary of Benefits with Dual-Polarization Radar Technology

Better Determination of Precipitation Type

Better Estimates of Rainfall Amount

Better Detection of Hail


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Part II. Next GenerationGeostationary Operational

Environmental Satellite (GOES-R)


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GOES-R New Capabilities

Higher Resolution Images

Data Received in More Frequent Time Intervals

A Large Suite of New Products


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Comparison of GOES-R Imager to current GOES

GOES-R Current

Spectral Coverage 16 bands 5 bands

Visible Resolution 0.5 km ~1 kmIR/WV resolution 2 km ~4-8 kmFull disk Every 15 min Every 3 hr CONUS Every 5 min Every 15 min

Mesoscale Every 30 sec! N/A


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GOES-R Current





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Example of Visible Loop Using 1-Min Images

Courtesy Timothy J. Schmit, NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Madison, WI


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GOES-R Current





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GOES- R New Capabilities (Contd)

Provide Better Detection and Measurements of:

Cloud Structure Type, Height, Phase, & Temperature

Other Atmospheric Elements: Wind, Moisture, & Temperature Lightning


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Some Applications of New GOES-R Data:

Improved Convective Initiation Predictions

Identification of Severe Weather Precursors

Improved Rainfall Amount Estimates

Better Estimates of Tropical Cyclone Intensity

Identify Areas of Turbulence and Icing

Improved Input to Numerical Weather Prediction Models


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Some Applications of New GOES-R Data:

Improved Convective Initiation Predictions

Identification of Severe Weather Precursors

Improved Rainfall Amount Estimates

Better Estimates of Tropical Cyclone Intensity

Identify Areas of Turbulence and Icing

Improved Input to Numerical Weather Prediction Models


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How will GOES-R improve warninglead times?

Rapid Cloud top cooling detection


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Convective Initiation

Detections of Rapid Cloud Top Cooling can precede precipitation reaching the surface by 30-60 minutes

precedes first cloud-to-ground lightning strikes

Images Courtesy CIMSS-UW Madison


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Severe Thunderstorm Structures Better Detected and Monitored


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Overshooting tops Collapse of overshooting top

can precede severeweather/tornado on ground


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Enhanced-V Signature

Usually related toSupercell/Severe Weather


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Better Rainfall Estimates

Real-Time Lightning Monitoring (GLM)


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Geostationary Lightning Mapper

Real-Time detection of lightning across most of theWestern Hemisphere

Flash Rate and Trends

IC/CC as well as CG lightning


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When?

GOES-R Launchscheduled for Fall2015


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When?


Operational withproducts available2016


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When?


Operational withproducts available2016

f


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Summary of GOES-RNew Capabilities and Applications

Higher resolution images received in more frequenttime intervals

A large suite of new products and applications


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Conclusion

New radar and satellite technology willresult in improved forecast and warningoperations.


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Links

Dual-Polarization Radar NWS ROC http://www.roc.noaa.gov/WSR88D/ NSSL http://www.cimms.ou.edu/~schuur/radar.html

Next Generation Weather Satellite (GOES-R) http://www.goes-r.gov/
http://www.roc.noaa.gov/WSR88D/http://www.cimms.ou.edu/~schuur/radar.htmlhttp://www.goes-r.gov/http://www.goes-r.gov/http://www.goes-r.gov/http://www.goes-r.gov/http://www.cimms.ou.edu/~schuur/radar.htmlhttp://www.roc.noaa.gov/WSR88D/


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Daniel C. MillerNational Weather Service2909 Aviation WayWest Columbia, SC 29170803.822.8133

[email protected]

Thank You!
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

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