miguel ahumada, sun belle inc. - santa barbara countycesantabarbara.ucanr.edu/files/182259.pdf ·...
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Miguel Ahumada, Sun Belle Inc.
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2013 in Ventura
◦ $187 million
◦ #3 crop
#3 berry in US per capita consumption
Can be highly profitable
◦ $20K-$60K typical profit per acre
◦ Winter prices can be 3x more than summer
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High production cost ◦ $60K-$70K per 2-year crop cycle
Complex cropping system ◦ Multi-cycle production ◦ Few varieties, adaptability issues ◦ Fruit quality
Research and innovation still needed ◦ Trellising systems ◦ Pest and Disesase management ◦ Fertigation, Substrate, Plastics/mulches
Mexico
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Cool Shoots - Warm Roots
Roots 75oF
Shoots 59oF- 68oF
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Wind
Reduces plant growth and development
Fruit damage: rubbing, abrasion, punctures
Rain/Humidity
Increased fungus
Sun
Sun burn, white drupelets
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Higher productivity Lower productivity
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French Tunnel Sidewalls and Doors
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Lower cost than tunnel For windless areas
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Public ◦ Diamond Jubilee – Berryworld Plus, UK ◦ Imara - Advanced Genetics, Netherlands ◦ Kwanza - Advanced Genetics, Netherlands ◦ Vintage - USDA ARS Oregon
Proprietary ◦ Adelita - Planasa ◦ Alicia - Driscolls ◦ Erika – Sun Belle (in Americas)
Others
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Adelita Erika
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Carbon Dioxide Enrichment May Increase Yield of Field-grown Red Raspberry under High Tunnels
Mochizuki et al 2010
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Overcrowding in highly photosynthetic area
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Sonsteby & Heide, 2009
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Didymella applanata Yield Loss
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Flower abortion Cane botrytis
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Fruit Quality ◦ Size and Sugars
Disease incidence
Insect control ◦ Spray penetration
UV light damage
Harvest Speed
Yield ◦ Fruit size
◦ Fruit per laterals
◦ Laterals per canes
◦ Numbers of canes
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Soft Fruit
Rot
Small Size
Crumbly Fruit
Overripe
Insect damage
White cells
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Narrow bed Wide bed
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“T” posts V Wide-bed
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Shift system pre bloom Post bloom
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Wide bed More light
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1st crop on primocane 2nd crop on floricane
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Cutback and Mow Down Low Down and Cutback
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Carew et al. 2000
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Predictability Full control=max growth
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3-5 acre foot per season
1 acre foot = 326,000 gallons
978,000 to 1,630.000 gallons
Use evapotranspiration (ET) to monitoring plants use or other methods
Education of irrigators
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Cover crops may have many benefits
Add organic matter and N to soil
Reduced pesticide and soil runoff in winter
Reduced dust may reduce mites
Reduced weeds
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