MICROSTRIP RECTANGULAR PATCH ANTENNA

Working with a frequency of 18-26GHz (K-band)

Team Members:- Charan D Madhu N

Under the guidance of –

Prof H.M.Mahesh Dept. of Electronic Science

Bangalore UniversityBangalore

Aim and Objective Introduction to antennas Microstrip patch antenna Designing of MPA Merits and Demerits of MPA Applications Conclusion

Contents

Aim and Objective• To study Microstrip Patch Antenna resonating

at k-band (18-26GHZ) frequency.

• To design and implement this antenna using

HFSS, v 13.0.

Introduction to Antennas

• An antenna or aerial is defined as “a means for radiating or receiving radio waves.”

• An antenna is any device that converts electronic signals to electromagnetic waves (and vice versa) effectively with minimum loss of signals.

• An antenna is basically a transforming device that will convert impedance of transmitter output (50/75 Ohm) into free space impedance (120pi or 377 Ohm).

• It is a region of transition between guided and free space propagation• Antenna is part of a signal transmitting system over some distance.• Antenna is a passive device, it does not amplify the signals, it only

directs the signal energy in a particular direction in reference with isotropic antenna.

Different Types of Antennas

Wire Antenna Microstrip Antenna

Lens AntennaArray Antenna

Aperture Antenna

Reflector Antenna

Microstrip Patch Antenna

• Microstrip Antenna was Invented by Bob Munson in 1972 .• Microstrip antennas are attractive due to their light weight,

conformability and low cost. • These antennas can be integrated with printed strip-line feed

networks and active devices. This is a relatively new area of antenna engineering.

• The radiation properties of micro strip structures have been known since the mid 1950’s.

• A Microstrip Patch antenna consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate which has a ground plane on the other side.

• The patch is generally made of conducting material such as copper or gold and can take any possible shape.

• The radiating patch and the feed lines are usually photo etched on the dielectric substrate.

Basic Structure Microstrip patch Antenna

L = Length of the Micro-strip Patch Element

W = Width of the Micro-strip Patch Element

t= Thickness of Patch

h = Height of the Dielectric Substrate.

Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna

Some of the Typical Shapes of Patch

8

Rectangular Square Circular

Elliptical

Circular ring

Triangular

Substrate Material(FR4 Epoxy)

•The Dielectric Substrate Material we are using in our Design is FR4 Epoxy•Where “FR” means Flame Retardant and type 4 indicates Woven Glass reinforced Epoxy resin.•The Range of the dielectric constant of FR4 Epoxy typically depends on glass resin.•This material is popular and cost effective Compared to other PCB material.•FR4 is most Commonly Used as an electrical insulator possessing considerable mechanical Strength.•FR4 is also used in the construction of relays, switches, standoffs, busbars, washers, transformer and screw terminal strips.

Designing of Microstrip Antenna

•In order to design a microstrip rectangular patch antenna to operate in a K band frequency range, Although there are various simulation software available for example FEKO, IE3D, CST, HFSS …etc. •We are using HFSS(High Frequency Structure Simulator) version 13.0 to design a MSA. It is more commonly used software because of its friendly user interface and better accuracy for complicated geometries. HFSS is commercial finite element method solver for electromagnetic Structures.•HFSS is a commercial finite element method solver for electromagnetic structures•Ansoft HFSS software is the industry standard for simulating 3-D full-wave electromagnetic fields. Its gold-standard accuracy, advanced solver and high-performance compute technology have made it an essential tool for engineers doing accurate and rapid design of high-frequency and high-speed electronic components.

Advantages and Disadvantages of MSA

Application of MSA

Mobile and satellite communication System

Global Positioning System(GPS)

Direct Broad Cast Television(DBS)

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access ( WiMax) Wireless LAN’s

Progress of the Project

• Designing of Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna has been Completed.

• This design has to be fabricated.• Characterization has to be done.

We have designed a microstrip rectangular patch antenna resonating at 18-26 GHz Frequency range. The Design antenna exhibits a good impedance matching at

the center frequency. This antenna can be easily fabricated on FR4 Epoxy Substrate material due to its

small size and thickness.

Conclusion