microphone
DESCRIPTION
Microphone. Objectives. Describe the main characteristics of any microphone: directionality, element, impedance, and frequency response. Describe a variety of microphone formats and and several situations that would require the use of each microphone. Objectives. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Microphone
![Page 2: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives Describe the main characteristics of any microphone: directionality, element, impedance, and frequency response.
Describe a variety of microphone formats and and several situations that would require the use of each microphone.
![Page 3: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Objectives
Demonstrate the proper use of microphones .
Create an on-camera interview segment using a camcorder, a microphone, and a tripod.
![Page 4: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Microphones
Microphones are designed to work in different settings.
There is no “best” or “perfect” microphones for all situations.
Tie-pin microphone
![Page 5: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
“Collection” and “Selection”
Develop a collection of microphones, and select the best microphone for each situation.
Just like a fisherman has a variety of lures in his tackle box, a TV studio should have several microphones.
![Page 6: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Microphone Directionality
Omni directional- collects sound from all around 360 degrees.
![Page 7: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Microphone Directionality Omni directional – microphone can be share by
the group.
![Page 8: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Microphone Directionality
Unidirectional – collects most of the sound from the front, and very little from the back and sides.
![Page 9: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Microphone Directionality
Unidirectional – usually single-source mic, or used in interviews.
![Page 10: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Microphone Element
The part of the microphone that changes sound waves into electrical energy.
![Page 11: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Microphone Element
Dynamic ElementDurable Good with loud noisesGood/average soundqualityUsually handheld
![Page 12: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Microphone Element
Condenser Element Excellent sound qualityMore fragile Not as good with sound A favorite of singers
![Page 13: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Microphones
Condenser microphones require a power source.
Electret condenser – power from a battery
Phantom-power condenser- power from the audio mixer
![Page 14: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Microphone Impedance
High impedanceLow impedance
The two are not compatible!
The impedance of the microphones must match the impedance of the system.
![Page 15: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Microphone Impedance
High Impedance• Portable audio systems• Consumer and some
professional camcorders• Cable runs of 30 feet and
less
![Page 16: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Microphone Impedance
Low Impedance• High quality • Professional audio systems
(theatres, TV, studios, etc.)• Professional camcorders• Longer cables runs
![Page 17: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Microphone Impedance
Low impedance systems almost always use the XLR connector.
High impedance systems almost us ¼ inch phone connector or 1/8 inch mini connectors.
Connectors:
![Page 18: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Microphone impedance
Some microphones are dual-impedance – they can be switched from high to low impedance using a 3-way on/off switch.
![Page 19: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Microphone Impedance
A match line transformer can beused to convert the impedanceof a microphone.
This example converts a low impedance microphone to high impedance. A high-to-low transformer is also available.
![Page 20: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Microphone Frequency Response
A microphone ability tohear tones (high and low) across the audible spectrum.
![Page 21: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Microphone Frequency Response
The human ear can hear the range of 20Hz (low bass notes) to 20,000Hz (high notes).
![Page 22: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Microphone Frequency Response
Microphones can be compared to that range.
Generally speaking, condenser microphones have a better frequency response than dynamic microphones.
![Page 23: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Microphones
Describing each microphone:1. Directionality2. Element3. Impedance 4. Frequency Response
![Page 24: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Types of Microphones (microphones formats)
Available in…Omni directional and
unidirectional, Dynamic and condenser,High impedance and low
impedance,Various frequency
ranges.
Handheld Microphones
![Page 25: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Types of Microphones (microphones formats)
Omni directional ,Almost always condenser ,Advantages:1.Small size2.Hands-free3.No skill require
Lavaliere (Tie-Pin) Microphone
![Page 26: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Types of Microphones (microphones formats)
Flat back, designed to lay flat on a table.
Great for recording group discussions.
Surface Mount Microphone
![Page 27: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Types of Microphones (microphones formats)
Extremely unidirectional microphone Great for videotaping guest speaker and presentations Can be camera mounted Wear headphones!
Shotgun Microphone
![Page 28: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Types of Microphones (microphones formats)
Components: -Microphones -Transmitter -Receiving station
Transmitter and receiving station tuned to the same radio frequency
Wireless Microphone System
![Page 29: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Types of Microphones (microphones formats)
Handheld or lavaliereA favorite of entertainers and
reportersBe aware of power needs.Environmental factors can
impact range.Practice with your wire less
microphone system in a variety of situations.
Wireless Microphone System
![Page 30: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Using microphones
Know your microphones. Select the best microphones for each situation.
Wear headphones.
![Page 31: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Using Microphones
Carefully connect your microphone. Don’t put the excessive weight of adapters onto the microphone jack.
Using microphone extension cable instead.
![Page 32: Microphone](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110100/56812a98550346895d8e4da2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Using Microphones
Use a widescreen when recording outdoors.
Use the correct talent to-microphone distance (six-inches) from the source
Mic is a source – not a area.