microgrids and renewable energy integration abb solution and
TRANSCRIPT
Microgrids and renewable energy integration
ABB solution and offering overview
ABB Power Generation
Global energy challengesSignificant forecasted demand in emerging economies
China
82% 140%
India
143% 210%
EU and North
America
10% 14%
87%61%
Growth in primary energy demand
Growth in electricity demand
M. East and Africa
63%
Latin America
85%
IEA scenario 2010-35
Source: International Energy Agency (IEA), World Energy Outlook 2012
Access to electricity and water
• For all, including in remote locations
• At an economically viable cost
• For an increasing global population
Reduce levelized cost of energy
• Increase renewables contribution
• Hedge against fuel price volatility
• Reduce dependence on imported fuel
Climate change and protection
• CO2 reduction goals
• Sustainable power generation
• Energy efficiency
Global energy challengesSocial, economic and environmental
Significant infrastructure investments are needed to provide sustainable
access to energy in high growth emerging countries
Microgrids and renewable energy integrationDecentralized, self-sufficient power networks
Grids
Microgrid Macrogrid
Central
GenerationIsolated Interconnected
Distributed
Generation
Fossil Fuel Based
Fossil + Renewable
Strong grid
Weak grid
Fossil
Renewable
Strong Grid
Weak Grid
Low Penetration
High Penetration
Microgrid
Isolated Grid connected
Fossil Fuel Based
Fossil + Renewable
Low Penetration
© ABB Group | Slide 4
Microgrids and renewable energy integrationMicrogrid market segments and drivers
P: Main driver(P): Secondary driver
Main drivers
Social Economic Environmental Operational
Segments Typical customersAccess to
electricity
Fuel & cost
savings
Reduce CO2
footprint and
pollution
Fuel
independence
Uninterrupted
supply
Off
-gri
d
Islands (Local) utilities P P P (P)
Remote research
centers
Governmental research
institutions P P P
Rural
electrification
Governmental
development institutions /
development banksP P P
We
ak
gri
d
Remote
communities(Local) utilities P P P (P)
Gri
d-c
on
ne
cte
d
Industrial and
commercial
Mining companies / IPPs /
Oil & Gas companies /
Hotels & resortsP (P) P P
DefenseGovernmental defense
institutions (P) (P) P P
Institutions and
campuses
Private education
institutions / IPPs /
Government education
institutions
P P (P)
© ABB Group | Slide 5
Sustainable access to electricity anywhereMicrogrids powered by renewable energy sources
| Slide 6© ABB Group
Fossil- fuel generation
Wind power
Solar power
Residential loads Industrial
loads
Microgrids achieve secure power generation with grid-quality electricity
while integrating renewable energy
Inherent volatility of renewable energy
(RE) can compromise grid stability
The RE integration solution must
address requirements traditionally
fulfilled by diesel generation (base load)
Frequency and voltage control
Sufficient spinning reserve
Sufficient active and reactive power
supply
Peak shaving and load levelling
Load sharing between generators
Fault current provision
RE generation capacity should be sized
to maximize ROI and fuel savings
Renewable energy integration challengesManaging power output fluctuations
| Slide 7© ABB Group ROI: Return on investment
So
lar
po
we
r va
ria
tio
ns
Win
d p
ow
er
va
ria
tio
ns
ABB microgrids and RE integrationTechnology overview
| Slide 8© ABB Group
Microgrid Plus system PowerStore
Specially designed networked control system
responsible for coordinating the operation of
hybrid power stations
Grid stabilizing system that offers real and
reactive power to enable intermittent
renewable energy to be integrated into grids
• Maximizes fuel savings
• Optimizes use of renewable energy
• Guarantees optimum loading and spinning
reserve in fossil fuel generators
• Distributed logic enhances reliability and
scalability for future system expansions
• Can be used in isolated grids or in grid
support mode
• Maximizes fuel savings through highest
possible renewable penetration
• Ensures high power quality by stabilizing
renewable energy generation
Renewable Integration ChallengesHigh penetration leads to maximized fuel savings
| Slide 9© ABB Group
Renewable integration
Solarfarm Windfarm
Fossil Fuel Power StationLoad
Low renewable energy (RE) contribution
25%
Peak Power
10%
Annual Avg Energy/fuel savings
Control system: none/simple
Grid frequency: within operational limits
Solarfarm Windfarm
Fossil Fuel Power Station
Renewable integration
Load Grid Stabilization
Peak Power
100%
High renewable energy (RE) contribution
60%
Annual Avg Energy/fuel savings
Control system: sophisticated
Grid frequency: stable
Microgrid Plus SystemEfficient and reliable power flow management
| Slide 10© ABB Group
PV plant
Diesel Generator
Grid Stabilising
System
Distribution feeder
Power
Micro-Grid
Wind Turbines
MGC600-W M+ Operations
Local and remoteMGC600-P
MGC600-G
MGC600-E
MGC600-F
Communication
Network
Distribution feederMGC600-F
Grid connection
MGC600-N
Residential
Industrial & commercial
Microgrid Plus SystemTypical example of isolated PV / diesel microgrid
| Slide 11© ABB Group
The PowerStore consists of: Flywheel energy storage
or
Batteries energy storage
Power converter system
Operator interface
The PowerStore is able to operate in: Grid Support Mode (GSM) for large networks
Virtual Generator Mode (VGM) for isolated
microgrids
PowerStoreGrid stabilization
| Slide 12© ABB Group
PowerStoreFlywheel energy storage
| Slide 13© ABB Group
Magnetic Support
Top Bearing
Top Guard Bearing
Rotating Rectifier
Excitation
Generator
Main Machine
Flywheel
Bottom Bearing
Bottom Guard
Bearing
Flywheel Performance Data
Net. energy content 18 MWs
Max Input/output power 1650 kW
Speed range 1800 to 3600 rpm
Total weight 6000 kg
Rotor weight 2900 kg
Idling losses 10 kW
Greasing frequency 5 years
Bearing service life 8 years
• The flywheel is a robust and proven mechanical device used in UPS solutions
• It is failsafe, utilizing its own energy to supply the lifting magnets
PowerStoreEnsuring a stable microgrid electricity network
| Slide 14© ABB Group
Diesel-off / Virtual generator mode:
The PowerStore operates as the only
generator on the grid.
Max RE penetration = 100%
Benefits:
Increased annual RE contribution
Reduced diesel generator running time
Additional considerations:
Diesel-off functionality is to be studied case
by case
Business case is optimal when:
Daily load with peaks during PV peak
High price of fuel
Expected increase in fuel price
PowerStoreVirtual generator mode – 100% renewables
| Slide 15© ABB Group
Hybrid Power plant
Integrated Wind or PV Plant
Optimized microgrid integration
Renewable to grid connector
Grid stabilizer
ABB microgrids and RE integrationFive comprehensive solutions
| Slide 16© ABB Group
Providing a complete solution for a greenfield
project
Lowest LCOE
Grid stability and utility grade electricity
Maximum availability
Hybrid Power plant
Integrated Wind or PV Plant
Optimized microgrid integration
Renewable to grid connector
Grid stabilizer
ABB microgrid and RE integrationTurnkey solution for a greenfield microgrid project
| Slide 17© ABB Group
Loads
Diesel generators
Renewable
Energy
Grid
stabilization
M+
system
ABB microgrids and renewable energy integration
Hybrid power
station
Integrated wind
or PV plant
Integration solution
Optimized microgrid
integration
Renewable to grid
connector
Ancillary power
system services
What is it?
Turnkey solution for
a greenfield
microgrid project
Integration of
renewable energy
into fuel-based
microgrids (HFO,
diesel, gas etc.)
Stabilization and
flow optimization of
renewable energy
integration
Stabilization of on-
grid renewable
energy plants
connected to a
weak grid
Providing virtual
inertia, grid
stabilization, as well
as other ancillary
power system
services
References
(sample)
Marble Bar (solar/diesel)
Nullagine
(solar/diesel)
Hopetoun (wind/diesel)
Coral Bay (wind/diesel)
Ross Island (wind/diesel)
Rottnest(wind/diesel)
Esperence (wind/diesel)
Denham(wind/diesel)
Faial(wind/diesel)
Flores (wind/hydro/diesel)
Legion House(Biogas/batteries)
Carnegie (wave)
Kalbarri(wind)
SP Ausnet(GESS)
Leinster Mine(peak lopping)
Endesa(grid connection)
REE(grid connection)
Our offering and some references
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015| Slide 18
Hybrid Power plant
Integrated Wind or PV Plant
Optimized microgrid integration
Renewable to grid connector
Grid stabilizer
Upgrading an existing fuel-generation based
microgrid with RE generation
Maximized fuel savings
Increased security of supply
Ensured grid stability
ABB microgrid and RE integrationIntegration of RE to fuel-based microgrids
| Slide 19© ABB Group
Loads
Diesel generators
Renewable
Energy
Grid
stabilization
M+
system
ABB microgrids and renewable energy integration
Hybrid power
station
Integrated wind
or PV plant
Integration solution
Optimized microgrid
integration
Renewable to grid
connector
Ancillary power
system services
What is it?
Turnkey solution for
a greenfield
microgrid project
Integration of
renewable energy
into fuel-based
microgrids (HFO,
diesel, gas etc.)
Stabilization and
flow optimization of
renewable energy
integration
Stabilization of on-
grid renewable
energy plants
connected to a
weak grid
Providing virtual
inertia, grid
stabilization, as well
as other ancillary
power system
services
References
(sample)
Marble Bar (solar/diesel)
Nullagine
(solar/diesel)
Hopetoun (wind/diesel)
Coral Bay (wind/diesel)
Ross Island (wind/diesel)
Rottnest(wind/diesel)
Esperence (wind/diesel)
Denham(wind/diesel)
Faial(wind/diesel)
Flores (wind/hydro/diesel)
Legion House(Biogas/batteries)
Carnegie (wave)
Kalbarri(wind)
SP Ausnet(GESS)
Leinster Mine(peak lopping)
Endesa(grid connection)
REE(grid connection)
Our offering and some references
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015| Slide 20
Optimizing the performance of an unstable
microgrid with existing RE and fossil fuel
generation
Maximized fuel savings
Optimized production of RE
Ensured grid stability
Hybrid Power plant
Integrated Wind or PV Plant
Optimized microgrid integration
Renewable to grid connector
Grid stabilizer
ABB microgrid and RE integrationStabilization and flow optimization of RE integration
| Slide 21© ABB Group
Loads
Diesel generators
Renewable
Energy
Grid
stabilization
M+
system
ABB microgrids and renewable energy integration
Hybrid power
station
Integrated wind
or PV plant
Integration solution
Optimized microgrid
integration
Renewable to grid
connector
Ancillary power
system services
What is it?
Turnkey solution for
a greenfield
microgrid project
Integration of
renewable energy
into fuel-based
microgrids (HFO,
diesel, gas etc.)
Stabilization and
flow optimization of
renewable energy
integration
Stabilization of on-
grid renewable
energy plants
connected to a
weak grid
Providing virtual
inertia, grid
stabilization, as well
as other ancillary
power system
services
References
(sample)
Marble Bar (solar/diesel)
Nullagine
(solar/diesel)
Hopetoun (wind/diesel)
Coral Bay (wind/diesel)
Ross Island (wind/diesel)
Rottnest(wind/diesel)
Esperence (wind/diesel)
Denham(wind/diesel)
Faial(wind/diesel)
Flores (wind/hydro/diesel)
Legion House(Biogas/batteries)
Carnegie (wave)
Kalbarri(wind)
SP Ausnet(GESS)
Leinster Mine(peak lopping)
Endesa(grid connection)
REE(grid connection)
Our offering and some references
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015| Slide 22
Enforcing a compliant grid connection for wind
and solar power plants
Increased power quality and reliability
Maximized utilization and ROI of renewable
energy plant
Hybrid Power plant
Integrated Wind or PV Plant
Optimized microgrid integration
Renewable to grid connector
Grid stabilizer
ABB microgrid and RE integrationStabilization of on-grid RE connected to a weak grid
| Slide 23© ABB Group
Loads
Weak grid
Renewable
Energy
Grid
stabilization
M+
system
Ring main
unit
ABB microgrids and renewable energy integration
Hybrid power
station
Integrated wind
or PV plant
Integration solution
Optimized microgrid
integration
Renewable to grid
connection
Ancillary power
system services
What is it?
Turnkey solution for
a greenfield
microgrid project
Integration of
renewable energy
into fuel-based
microgrids (HFO,
diesel, gas etc.)
Stabilization and
flow optimization of
renewable energy
integration
Stabilization of on-
grid renewable
energy plants
connected to a
weak grid
Providing virtual
inertia, grid
stabilization, as well
as other ancillary
power system
services
References
(sample)
Marble Bar (solar/diesel)
Nullagine
(solar/diesel)
Hopetoun (wind/diesel)
Coral Bay (wind/diesel)
Ross Island (wind/diesel)
Rottnest(wind/diesel)
Esperence (wind/diesel)
Denham(wind/diesel)
Faial(wind/diesel)
Flores (wind/hydro/diesel)
Legion House(Biogas/batteries)
Carnegie (wave)
Kalbarri(wind)
SP Ausnet(GESS)
Leinster Mine(peak lopping)
Endesa(grid connection)
REE(grid connection)
Our offering and some references
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015| Slide 24
Grid support through active and reactive power
injection
Fast response to grid frequency disturbance
events
Ensured grid stability
Hybrid Power plant
Integrated Wind or PV Plant
Optimized microgrid integration
Renewable to grid connector
Grid stabilizer
ABB microgrid and RE integrationVirtual inertia as an ancillary power system service
| Slide 25© ABB Group
Grid
Substation
Grid
stabilization
ABB microgrids and renewable energy integration
Hybrid power
station
Integrated wind
or PV plant
Integration solution
Optimized microgrid
integration
Renewable to grid
connector
Ancillary power
system services
What is it?
Turnkey solution for
a greenfield
microgrid project
Integration of
renewable energy
into fuel-based
microgrids (HFO,
diesel, gas etc.)
Stabilization and
flow optimization of
renewable energy
integration
Stabilization of on-
grid renewable
energy plants
connected to a
weak grid
Providing virtual
inertia, grid
stabilization, as well
as other ancillary
power system
services
References
(sample)
Marble Bar (solar/diesel)
Nullagine
(solar/diesel)
Hopetoun (wind/diesel)
Coral Bay (wind/diesel)
Ross Island (wind/diesel)
Rottnest(wind/diesel)
Esperence (wind/diesel)
Denham(wind/diesel)
Faial(wind/diesel)
Flores (wind/hydro/diesel)
Legion House(Biogas/batteries)
Carnegie (wave)
Kalbarri(wind)
SP Ausnet(GESS)
Leinster Mine(peak lopping)
Endesa(grid connection)
REE(grid connection)
Our offering and some references
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015| Slide 26
© ABB Group| Slide 27
ReferencesLeinster Mine, Peak Shaving Application, Australia
Customer requirementsReduce the peak load of a newly installed
winder by 1MW so that the total power
demand is kept within the contractual limits
with the IPP.
ABB solutionInstall a 1MW PowerStore device that
provides the 1MW to the winder and
recharges when the total demand is within
the contractual limits.
Customer benefitsReduction of peak demand by 1MW
Reduction of spinning reseve by IPP of 1MW
For microgrids, especially in remote
areas, it is critical to maintain constant
power supply and have access to
technical support 24/7
ABB technology enables remote access,
monitoring and control of all microgrid
assets
ABB can perform routine service
checks, regular maintenance and
unscheduled service remotely, with
minimal operational impact on the
Microgrid.
ABB serviceA trusted partner through the microgrid’s lifecycle
| Slide 28© ABB Group
Consulting
Design & Engineering
Simulation& Test
Supply
Installation& Commi-ssioning
Service
PV Electrical Balance of PlantOptimized electrical system solutions to secure your large-scale PV project
Power Systems
ABB PV plant referencesLocal expertise, global presence, >900MWp.
Italy –137 MW
Spain – 20 MW
South Africa – 176 MW Romania – 7.5 MW India –101 MW
U.S.A – 24,8 MW
Mexico – 1,1 MW
Canada – 120 MW
Australia – 266 KW
May 18, 2015© ABB Group | Slide 30
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015 | Slide 31
ABB value proposition in the PV industryEngagement in the entire project life-cycle
Operation
Construction
Project development
Development stage ABB support and engineering expertise
• Project design and optimization
• Yield and PR calculation
• Grid Connection, substation capacity
• eBOP electrical system integration
• Performance guarantee for electrical system
• Turn-key EPC executed by one of our tier-1 partners
• Full O&M service
• ABB products and equipment lifetime services
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015 | Slide 32
Electrical Balance of Plant from ABBFrom the back of the panels to grid connection
DC boxes Inverters Transformers Switchgears Substation
Protection CablesTransformation centers
Plant automationVertically Integrated solution based on
reliable and proven ABB products, including
erection, commissioning, O&M and
performance guarantee
Structure
Panels
Turn-key
eBOPConsultancy
ABB products in PV used in the eBOPApplications: Utility >1000 KW
Month DD, Year | Slide 33
© ABB Group
1. Trackers
Low voltage products:2. Contactors: GAF series3. Direct current string boxes
Switchboards: Gemini seriesConsumer units: Europa series Junction boxesFuse disconnectors: E90 PVFuses: E 9F PV Surge protective devices: OVR PV
Miniature circuit-breakers: S284 UC ZMiniature circuit-breakers: S800 PV-S
4. Switch-disconnectors: OTDC series
Miniature circuit-breakers disconnectors:
S800 PV-M
Switch-disconnectors: Tmax PV
5. Moulded-case circuit-breakers: Tmax
Miniature circuit-breakers: S200
6. Contactors: A and AF series
7. Energy meters : DELTAplus :
8. Residual current devices: F202 PV B and F204B
Residual current devices: RD3
9. Air circuit-breaker: Emax
10. Switch-disconnectors: OT
Switch-disconnectors: E200
11. Surge protective devices: OVR T1 / T2
Solar inverters:
12. Central inverters: PVS 800
Remote monitoring portal
13. Megawatt station
Medium voltage products:
14. Dry type transformers
15. Liquid filled transformers
16. Secondary switchgears
17. Primary switchgear
18. Compact secondary substations
19. Substations
2
1
5
3
4
6
8
11
15
169
18
7
10
12 13
14
17 19
1
112
5
© ABB Group
May 18, 2015 | Slide 34
Electrical Balance of Plant from ABBInverter station – Proven reliability & performance
Features:
Indoor Solution based on Power module with
more than 100GW in references worldwide.
From 500 kW to 2,4MVA
EcoDry type transformer
From 6,6 to 36 kV
Up to 45º Ambient Temperature
Monitoring services
Grid Code Compliance service
Pretested ready to plug and play.
Benefits:
All ABB proven and reliable components
Compact, modular and robust design, easy
transportability, reduced downtime
Best in class efficiency, high ROI
PV plants service
offeringService features
ABB service
packages
Advanced services PV energy production forecast
Financial analysis tool
Recommended for
optimal O&M
Remote services Remote monitoring
Reporting
Typical FULL O&M by
ABB, with guaranteed PR
and availability
Preventive and corrective
maintenance
Scheduled / unscheduled
maintenance of the complete PV
plant
Basic PV plant
maintenance service PV module cleaning
Vegetation control etc.
Service for PV plantsTailored according to customers’ needs
May 18, 2015 | Slide 35© ABB Group
ABB
added
value
Solar plant automationScalable architecture for managing large plants and the MV transformation centers
May 18, 2015 © ABB
Group
| Slide 36
Plant SCADA
Remote
Mangement Center
TC2 Controller TCn ControllerTC1 Controller
Grid
Management
…
…
Transformation Center Control
Monitors and controls the inverters
Monitors the String Boxes and/or the tracking systems
Coordinates the production in the transformation center
Interfaces with the upper level Section Controller
Plant Monitoring & Control System
SCADA system to monitor all relevant field signals
Real time control system to manage the production of the plant
Grid code compliant functions for controlling active and reactive
power, frequency and voltage
Re
mo
te
Ce
nte
rP
lan
t
Remote Management of Plants
Real time monitoring of assets
Power production management from Remote Control Center
Plant maintenance planning from Remote Service Center
Diagnostics algorithms to support maintenance activities
Plant Controller
March 18, 2015
Main FeaturesNEREO+
Power
Regulation
Maximum
Ramp
Power
Factor
Adjustment
Hourly
Based
Forecast
Daily
Based
Forecast
ϕ
March 18, 2015
Plant ControlNEREO+
RTU
ENERGY
METER
UTILITY
INVERTER “n”
INVERTER 1
INVERTER 1High level
Set points
Online data
Plant Controler
Symphony+O&M
Solar power automationNereo+. Forecasting of power production
May 18, 2015 © ABB
Group
| Slide 39
UTILITY
FTP
Serve
r
DCS / SCADA
Hourly
Forecast
Daily Forecast
Modbus
OPC
Direct I/O
…
Modbus
OPC
Direct I/O
…
Modbus
OPC
Direct I/O
…
Irradiance
sensor
Temperature
sensor
Energy
meter
6h Ahead
Forecasting
Day and
week ahead
forecasting
Hours ahead forecasting
Based on Artificial Neural
Network algorithm
Uses historical data for
training and real time plant
data to improve the
forecasts accuracy
Makes use of weather
forecasts in the area
where the plants are
located
Hourly values for a
horizon of 6 hours
Daily values for a horizon
of 7 days Database O&M
Assumtioons:
The movement of the cloud is from West
to East at constant speed of 6m/min~ 0.1
m/sec
No deformation of the cloud
~ 66 % of shadowing of the plant
GHI ramp rate 50 W/m2/t
Inverters operating @ MPP
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500
200
400
600
800
1000
1200String Irradiation Signal
GH
I [W
/m2]
Time Step
Forecast SystemsForecast of Irradiation and production
Inverter 6Inverter 5
Inverter 4
Inverter 3
Inverter 2
Inverter 1
Partial shadowing over the PV plant – Behaviour of inverters
The inverters 5 & 6 are
not affecred by the cloud
and remain producing at
maximum point
Inverters 1, 2, 3 & 4 are
affected by shadowing
The answer of invertes 3 & 4
is delayed over the inverters
1 & 2.
Forecast SystemsForecast of Irradiation and production
Partial shadowing over the PV plant – Behaviour of inverters
The production of
inverters 5 & 6 remains
high being almost not
affected by the shadows
of the cloud.
The production of
inverters 1, 2, 3 & 4
drop nearly to 95 % (~
30 min) .
Forecast SystemsForecast of Irradiation and production
The loss of production is a
consequence of the shadows
over inverters 1, 2, 3 & 4. The
inbverters 5 & 6 remain
producing at maximum level
and they are maintaining the
power output of the plant.
The loss of production is ~ 50
% during shadowing.
Forecast SystemsForecast of Irradiation and production