mediterranean tradition in a globilized economy

8/2/2019 Mediterranean Tradition in a Globilized Economy

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Mediterranean

tradition in a

globalized economy

Vassilis ZampounisAgroeconomist - Axion Agrotiki


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Chania, October 31st November 4th, 2011

Globalization

}New production countries: Argentina, Chile, USA,Australia etc.

}New consumption countries: USA, North Europe,

Brazil, Japan, Australia, Russia, China, India etc.} Increase of the volume of international trade

} Big international retail chains + centralization of

companies with powerful brands

}Access of small producers to the international tradethrough internet

}An international regulatory framework concerningthe quality and authenticity standards


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Table 1. THE OLIVE OIL WORLD PRODUCTIONTime period 1985/86 to 2008/09 (4yr averages)

(th. tones)

Source: International Olive Oil Council

1985/86-

1988/89

1989/90-

1992/93

1993/94-

1996/97

1997/98-

2000/01

2001/02-

2004/05

2005/06-

2008/09

Quantity

+th. tones

% of

increase

Spain 505,0 601,6 593,7 877,9 1168,6 1051,1546,1 108,1

Italy 498,3 462,7 489,5 566,9 713,7 544,1 45,9 9,2

Greece 278,1 289,5 348,5 424,5 378,8 356,6 78,5 28,2

Portugal 32,5 36,3 38,2 38,0 33,8 41,6 9,1 27,8

EU 1313,9 1390,0 1469,9 1907,3 2294,8 1993,4 679,5 51,7

Tunisia 94,5 168,8 166,3 162,0 129,3 177,5 83,0 87,8

Syria 57,5 60,3 89,0 107,8 135,5 121,0 63,6 110,6

Turkey 83,8 57,8 112,0 113,8 107,3 119,8 36,0 43,0

Morocco 35,8 47,3 57,5 52,5 63,8 80,0 44,3 123,8

4 Med 271,5 334,0 424,8 436,0 435,8 498,3 226,8 83,6

Rest of the

world 80,3 92,1 105,7 108,7 146,4 196,4116,1 144,6

World 1665,6 1816,0 2000,3 2452,0 2877,0 2688,0 1,022.4 61,4


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Graph 1

Spain

4 Med

Rest of the world

World

0.0

500.0

1000.0

1500.0

2000.0

2500.0

3000.0

3500.0

1985/86-1988/89 1989/90-1992/93 1993/94-1996/97 1997/98-2000/01 2001/02-2004/05 2005/06-2008/09

T

H

O

U

S

A

N

D

T

O

N

E

S

YEARS

TRENDS OF OLIVE OIL WORLD PRODUCTION



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Areas with olive trees (hectares)

Country of

production2007

average

estimate

2011

Annual

increase %

increase

ha/year

EU 5.462.000 5.710.000 4,54 41.000

other extra EU 76.000 81.000 6,58 800

Africa 2.949.000 3.211.000 8,88 44.000

Middle East 1.817.000 1.983.000 9,14 28.000

USA 153.000 181.000 18,3 5.000

Asia/Oceania 30.000 32.000 6,67 300

other countries 9.000 na na na

G. Total 10.495.000 11.207.000 6,78 119.000


Table 2. Areas with olive trees

(hectares)


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Table 3. THE OLIVE OIL WORLD CONSUMPTIONTime period 1985/86 to 2008/09 (4yr averages)

(th. tones)


Year 1985/86-

1988/89

1989/90-

1992/93

1992/93-

1996/97

1996/97-

2000/01

2000/01-

2004/05

2005/06-

2008/09

+ th.

tones

% of

increase

Greece 202,5 202,3 219,0 255,0 273,3 256,9 54,4 26,9

Italy 655,0 609,3 673,8 711,5 782,5 748,3 93,3 14,2

Spain 391,0 405,6 415,8 540,6 613,0 524,1 133,1 34,0

Portugal 34,6 39,1 59,4 66,4 67,0 77,9 43,4 125,4Rest of EU 38,7 57,5 96,7 170,9 236,6 278,9 240,2 621,1

4 prod. EU

(Sp, It, Gr, Pt) 1283,1 1256,2 1367,9 1573,4 1735,8 1607,2 324,1 25,3

EU 1321,8 1313,7 1464,6 1744,3 1972,3 1886,1 564,3 42,7

Tunisia 48,3 51,9 51,6 54,8 39,5 38,5 -9,8 -20,3

Syria 54,4 62,8 77,5 93,3 124,9 94,8 40,4 74,2

Turkey 56,9 49,8 61,5 75,8 52,8 80,8 23,8 41,9

Morocco 35,0 41,5 40,9 52,5 57,0 63,8 28,8 28,44 prod. Med

(Tn, Tu, Sy, Ma) 194,6 205,9 231,5 276,3 274,1 277,8 83,2 42,7

Rest of the

World 256,8 264,1 331,3 436,3 526,1 604,9 348,2 135,6

World 1773,1 1783,6 2027,4 2456,9 2772,5 2768,8 995,6 56,2


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Graph 2. Trends of olive oil

consumption



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Source: EU and International Olive Oil Council

Graph 3. OLIVE OIL PRODUCTION AND

CONSUMPTION WORLD TREND 1990/91-2010/11

Annual

growth

Production: 5%

Consumption: 3%


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Greece

Spain Italy

Portugal

1,4 th. tn

1,2th.tn

11,3 th. tn

0,9 th. tn

1,9 th. tn 2,0 th. tn

14,9 th. tn

Graph 4a. Intra-Community trade between

the larger olive oil production countries 2009/10

399,1 th. tn


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Greece

Spain Italy

Portugal

Other EU

countries

13,3 th. tn 1,8th. tn

10,0 th. tn

2,6th. tn

1,0th. tn

Graph 4b. Intra-Community trade between the four major olive

oil production countries and the rest EU Countries 2009/10

131, 3 th. tn

126,5th. tn


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Greece

Spain Italy

Portugal

World

6,4 th. tn

39,5 th. tn1,1 th. tn

17,2 th. tn

55,9 . tn

Graph 4c. Trade among the 4 major producing E.U countries

and the 3rd non EU countries 2009/10

217,5 th. tn

215,3 th. tn

Comments For the first time in

history, Spain

exceeded Italys

exports

Greece average

exports 11,7 th. tn

*olive oil and olive-pomace oil(including Inward Processing)


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Table 4. Imports of virgin oil and pomace oilfrom 3rd countries

Period 2009/10 (th. tones)


Extra and virgin: 65,9%Pure and refined: 30,6 %Pomace oil : 5,0

IMPORT COUNTRY

Export country

USA CANADA JAPAN BRAZIL AUSTRALIA CHINA

Italy 145.669,2 27.415,1 21.766,4 3.771,5 9.811,9 7.999,2

Spain 67.366,2 1.983,5 17.941,7 12.325,6 21.054,6 8.600,8

Tunisia 25.592,9 2.388,7

Morocco 8.486,1

Turkey 7.962,6 1.143,6 2.431,4 1.105,8

Argentina 5.439,4 7.233,4

Greece 4.217,5 2.799,2 516,5 372,2 1.362,3 1.533,3

Portugal 2.058,8 29.755,0

Australia 2.049,7

France 1.840,7

Other 3.243,6 2.220,1 420,7 346,7 383,8 2.431,3

Total

272.086,6

* 37.950,2 43.076,7 53.804,4 35.559,1 20.564,6


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Table 5. Quantities and Selling prices in the

markets of China and Russia by country of origin

Quantities in tones and prices in (/tn) HEADING 15.09

China Russia

Quantity Price Quantity Price

Total world 10174 3287 17296 3780

Spain 4262 3433 10908 3740

Italy 3258 3279 3885 3890

Greece 1261 2783 592 4060

Turkey 776 28114 549 34060

France 7 3894 7 7020



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Graph 5. Spanish and Italian virgin olive oil*

export prices (euros/kg)



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Graph 6. MOVEMENTS IN PRODUCER PRICES

Extra virgin olive oilAverage prices by crop year



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Graph 7. Producer prices in Greece.Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Extra VerginOliveOil. Producer prices in Greece

YEAR NOMIMAL PRICES

REALDEFLATEDPRICES

(BASEYEAR 2009=100,0)

1988/89 2,44 9,31

1989/90 2,91 9,04

1990/91 4,13 10,87

1991/92 2,59 5,96

1992/93 2,37 4,87

1993/94 2,53 4,70

1994/95 2,66 4,571995/96 3,69 5,91

1996/97 2,82 4,32

1997/98 2,15 3,17

1998/99 2,20 3,16

1999/00 1,89 2,16

2000/01 1,77 2,37

2001/02 2,11 2,73

2002/03 2,02 2,55

2003/04 2,51 3,06

2004/05 2,61 3,07

2005/06 3,25 3,71

2006/07 2,51 2,762007/08 2,56 2,76

2008/09 2,05 2,16

2009/10 2,22 2,22

2010/11 2,15 2,05

9.31

9.04

10.87

5.91

3.71

2.16

2.22

2.05

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

1988/89

1989/90

1990/91

1991/92

1992/93

1993/94

1994/95

1995/96

1996/97

1997/98

1998/99

1999/00

2000/01

2001/02

2002/03

2003/04

2004/05

2005/06

2006/07

2007/08

2008/09

2009/10

2010/11

Source: EL. STAT

Elaboration: Olive and Olive Oil

Producer prices in Greece.Real deflated prices (base year 2009=100,0)


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Graph 8. Producer prices for seed oils vs Virgin Olive Oil

200

700

1200

1700

2200

2700

3200

3700

4200

4700

Extra Virgin Olive

Oil

(Spain)

Groundnut Oil (CIF Rott.)Cotton Oil

(FOB Gulf)

Corn Oil

(FOB Gulf)

Sun. Oil (FOB

Argentina)

Palm Oil, crude

(CIF N.W. Eur.)

Soybean Oil

(US. FOB Gulf)



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Table 6a. Production costs in Greece(/kg)

Professional farmer Non professional farmer Organing agriculture

High

productive

year

Low

productive

year

High

productive

year

Low

productive

year

High

productive

year

Low

productive

year

1,84 7,02 2,29 8,9 2,74 4,45

Source: Survey by ELEOURGIKI (Program 1334/01)

Table 6b. Production costs in Spain (/kg)

Farmer 1.449-3.380 (average 2.293)

Olive mill 0.086-0.686 (average 0.198) Cumulative 1.535-4.066 (2.491)

Packing cost 0.257-0.769 (average 0.564) Cumulative 1.792-4.835 (3.055)

Distribution cost 0.002-0.345 (average 0.116) Cumulative 1.794-5.180 (3.171)

Source: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino (Spain)


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Thank you for your attention!

mediterranean tradition in a globilized economy

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