medieval japan
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Medieval Japan. Early Japan (Section 1). Japan is a chain of islands There are over 3,000 islands The four largest islands are Hokkaido Honshu Shikoku Kyushu. Japanese Geography. Japan is covered by mountains that rise from the ocean floor About 188 of these mountains are volcanoes - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Medieval JapanMedieval Japan
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Early Japan (Section 1)Early Japan (Section 1)Japan is a chain of
islandsThere are over
3,000 islandsThe four largest
islands are◦Hokkaido◦Honshu◦Shikoku◦Kyushu
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Japanese GeographyJapanese Geography
Japan is covered by mountains that rise from the ocean floor
About 188 of these mountains are volcanoes
Many earthquakes happen in Japan
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Japanese GeographyJapanese Geography
Only 20% of Japan’s land can be farmed
They had to use the sea for a living (i.e. fishing)
The ocean kept the Japanese isolated from the rest of Asia
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The First SettlersThe First SettlersJamon- “Cord Marks”They came from
northeast AsiaHunted animals and
gathered wild plantsOver time they
settled in fishing villages along the coast and that became their way of life (300 B.C)
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YayoiYayoiGot their name
from where the archeologists dug up the artifacts
They introduced farming to Japan and many other skills
By 300 A.D. they organized themselves into clans
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Yayoi clansYayoi clansA group of families
related by blood or marriage
Clans were headed by a small group of warriors then there were◦Farmers◦Artisans◦Servants of the
warriors
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Japanese LegendJapanese Legend
The creation of JapanAmaterasu- sun
goddessSusanowo- storm godNinigi-grandson of
AmaterasuThe three sacred
objects of leadership in early Japan◦ Mirror◦ Jewel◦ Sword
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Yamato clanYamato clan
During the A.D. 500s became strong enough to bring most of Japan under its rule
Jimmu- “emperor of heaven”
Akihito is one of his descendants
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Shotoku (Yamato prince)Shotoku (Yamato prince)A.D. 600 took
charge of Japan on behalf of his aunt◦Empress Suiko
He wanted a strong government so he created a constitution◦Japan’s government
began to look like China’s
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Shinto “way of the spirits”Shinto “way of the spirits”Believed all things are
alive, winds, mountains, and rivers, etc.
Animism- all things have their own spirits
Kami- nature spiritsShrines- holy places to
honor the kamiMust be pure for the
kami to help
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Shoguns and Samurai (Section Shoguns and Samurai (Section 2)2)Nara Period (A.D.
700s)◦Named after the
new capital city of Nara
◦Jobs were given to nobles from powerful families
◦Emperor’s power came from his control of the land and its crops
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Buddhism in JapanBuddhism in Japan
Buddhism came to Japan from Korea in A.D. 500s
The Horyuji temple in Nara, Japan is the oldest wooden building in the world
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The Rise of the ShogunThe Rise of the ShogunEmperor Kammu
built a new capital city (Heian) It would later be known as Kyoto
It was the official capital of Japan for 1000yrs.
Regents refused to give up their power◦Fujiwara
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SamuraiSamuraiNobles formed private
armies to protect their land and enforce laws
Gave land to warriors who agreed to fight for them
Samurai-”One who serves”
Bushido-strict code of conduct “the way of the warrior”
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Shogun (Part I)Shogun (Part I)By the early 1100s the
most powerful Japanese families began fighting each other using their samurai armies
1180-The Gempei War◦ Civil war between the
two most powerful clans Taira and Minamoto
families◦ Leader of the Minamoto
was Minamoto Yoritomo
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Shogun (Part II)Shogun (Part II)
Minamoto won the Gempei War
Yoritomo was the commander of the armies