ANAPOMAXH MAINOMENH:TO AIONYIIAKO ITOIXEIO TTHN IAIAAA

H o1e66v zravre),^f1q o'roooio- roo Arov6oou and trlv lAmdq, e(.vo,t nrl.ol

Tvcoorn, xo..9thg o.rcore\e[ xow6 16r'o ornv dpeuva ro yeyovos oaL ro lpo-u6 troq 7!ou ?rpoBd).).er ra xA€a d,v6pitv Eev dxer 0do4 yro( rov 0e6 touxpaorc5, rtq txoro.ons xo'.L'cni pclrvio,q.I,t4v lAwda, o Ar,6vuooq anr;vro-pr6vo E6o gopdg: rlv nprirt l orov p60o tou Auxodpyou (Z L3z, 135) xutt4 Dedrepn oro ercero68ro rlq Arr.g drcdqE (E 325\, 6rav o Aiag c;.vo,q€-peral otrg e(c.lou(uytxdq epoltlx66 tou oldoelg. To Erovuor,cxx 6 orotyeio elvar 6pcog nap6v ornv IAd,6q, xar 6rd trlq Av8pop&Xylq, rcou Xcrpcrxrrlpi\e-tar E6o qopeq pe dvav 6po xoc0apd 6uovuowxilq npod),euons: pd,Lvopdvnilxuta (Z 389) xo.t pawd,&'b4 (X 460).

H Xpnon trlg 6rovuowxfiq fi, oagtoaepd\ ptar,va6rx-/1q aod6 cltvo.qopo.q€yecntptcoq pe).et'q9e( o.no 'uoDg Privitera xau Seaford. O npotog dler urro-ot4pi(er 6tr Er,ovuotaxo( p60or nepr).appdvovtav 61, pr6vo oto rlpolrx6€roc, a).).d ax6pr1 xd.L oanv [Era t4 pu0o].oyicr Trou e(ye ocvo.ntux0ef T6p<,1an6 rov tpcorx6 n6).epo. Or neprn€rer.eg tou Arovdoou crTrore).o6ocxv o(vr[-xeiprevo u1q er:'lxi1q rotqorlq 6nrog ga(verat xo;t anr6 :."r1v Etparc(a roo Eo-pr1).ou1. To 6vopa d),).olote tou 0eo6 paptupe[tar 4Er1 o'cLs rcLvd.xiDeg tqgypapprxliq B, ororyeb ro oroto ouvlyopet oro ot 6yt p6vo o 0e6q i.nclv

1'vc,rot6g a).).d xo't 6t nr0avr/:g l,atpeu6tocv anr6 rl puxnvo.'ixi1 crproro-xpadaz. O Seaford3 €^tret eioroyo- uTroorlpi\ev 6t I neproproprdvrl na-pouofa rou Auovdoou xo'.L oL pcrrvaErx€.g avagopdg tlg Av8popdxnq orIVIAmda ogel].ovtcrr ornv olvcl.no,po'oacl.on xdl erd.x6],ou04 clLvcl.(peo4 v1gyap4).lag te),etoup.(io'q a).),d xcrl rou l8rou tou ydpoo ar6 trlv Av8po-pdxrl, xcx06g, xa9e eopa nou livet dl dvd.eopa o' anni1 orrlv lAdda (pa-tforDieg Z xo.t X), npopd).).etar rl eux6va efte p:.r;,q napetr0oioag e':.,e ltwqe?ranel).o6pevr1g xd.adsapognq (r1 onoia ouvioratcrr orov Oavato tou

u' Eulaptotco ta prd),r1 116 ouvrdxrtxilq enrcpon4g rou neploDxo6 EA),4vmd yrcr rri oup-

Bo).{ toug otlv aptr6repvl 7rc{,pouoiaol o"od6 tr16 pe}.dt4g. @cr r10e).a entoqg vcr euxqpL-otfioa toug ouvcDdtrgouq In6po Pctyxo, frrivvrl Z. T\tgoxoutro xar lra6po Opa.lxou).i6r1

Trcr, rcr enorxo8oprlrxo- oA6\ca xo.L aLS xaipceq enrorlpdvoer< rouq.1. A. Bernab6., Poetae Epici Graeci, Testimonia et Fragmenta, pars I, Itouryip8rl - AerQia

1987 (1996), (xn.11 (10 K).2. G. A. Privitera, Dioniso in Omero e nella poesia greca arcaica [Filologia e Critica, 6], Parprl

L970, oo. 14-15 xat 20-21.

3. R. Seaford, "Dionysus as Destroyer of the Householdo, orov r6pro: T. H. Carpenter & C.A. Faraone (exD.), Masks of Dionysus, Ithaca, N.Y. - London, CornellUniversiry Press, 1993, oo.r t5-146.

200 Xp4otog K. Toayyd).r1g

'Extopa xol an Erd).uori tou ydptou toug). fra tov Seaforda, 4 Av8popttipl

oyer(\erar pe pro( 8rovuorocxil p.eragop&, ener,64 16oo oro Z 6oo xol oroX rcapouo.r:.\ero.cvo.. e\xd'ca).einer, 'cov olxov (6rccog ouprpa[ver lre rlq pdr-vdDeg) xd.Lvd. dvd.rcd.pLoru o,pvvpma t4 yaprl),ua te).etoup1[a (nou o Ar,6-vuooq xarc\oyi1v avatp6neq xavovrcrg tlg yuvaixes va crvtrota0o6v otrlvunoral4 rcou ouppo).i(er r7 rc6Ary xat €vo,q an6 rooq rno paomodg pr4Xavr-opo6q unotalrlq rou yuvarxelou otorle[oD oro crv8pr,x6, o ydproq).

Iuptn).r1pci:vovtag rn ouyxpovrx4 epprlveia tou Seaford, I np6taorl rcou0a rcapouoro.o9ei o' autrl tr1 pe).dt4 npote[ver dvoc e(e].rxtrx6 povt6],o ep-pt4veiaq Ttou u7!oor4p(\et 6n ra epcorrlparo. ,rymni. o Ar6vuooq e(vat e(ope-).ropdvog an6 :n1v lL,zda" xcr,r (ror,oq e(vat o ).61o9 ?rou n Av8popdgn r.o'-pououd(eroc, t,lg par,vd8a xa.L opea(\erat pe prcr 8rovuouaxi1 perapopd;"arrote),o6v Euagopetx€q 6tl.req tou i6rou vol.riopatog, Fdpl tou i8rou rcpo-p).4patoq nou d.gopa. 14 oy€oq trlg r,),r,a8mi6 napd8oorlg yevrx6tepd peprrav d),),I crvrcryc,.lvrotrxrl napdDoo4, autrlv qg @19 a.q, rcoo 4 D,ddayvtop[(eu a].].d, dvteXva crTrooltoTrd, 6i1cog 6prq vcl.. d.1ro(pe6yer, vcr rnv urrcrl-viooetau

H pe),dtr1 ao:#11c'lp[(erar oe 66o p€pn. Lto npd:ro 0a npo(Tlro(reu0o6-pe ro( xowa orotyeia rtou ouv8douv tr,6 66o ..Erovuotax€q" ox4v€q roo Z(ro ercero66ro tou Auxo6pyoD xcrr t4 ouvdvrnol

'Exropa xcn AvEpopdXng)

preta(6 rous xa066 xs.L Ve anv xcl'co.)tnxrwi1 oxlvl1 tou X, 6zcou 11 o6(uyogrou rpcocrDirrl no),eprou1 6ptora pre prarvd8a tpdXeL o^ca reiX4 TLcr vo( ocy'cL-xp(oet ro gprxr6 0dapcr rou vexpod ou(6you rlg. Ito 6e6tepo ptdpog, rooxoio dXer o6 avttxe[pevo alv e\&aorl tou 04paixod otorXeiou o-rnv IAca-

da, 0a enrxevrp<,rooupe rriv rpooox4 pcrg oe exei.veq p6vo rrg Oripaixdg

ava<pop€q, gavep€S xo'.L ),av0dvouoeg, Trou xupr,crpxo6v oto Z xat agopo6vtrq 66o ox1v€q 7!ou Trpocrvagdpape (ro ezcelo6Ero rou Auxo6pyou xcrr rvl

ouvdvtrlorl 'Extopd.

xo'.L Av8poprdxng). @a zcpoorcaOt'looupe vct 6ei[oupeTrog ro 04paix6 orotyeio o'clq oxnv€q antr€q ouvDdercu, pe ro Dlovuotax6xd.L rr,oq 66o garv6preva 0eolpo6prevc coq Eraxpr,td (4 anouoia tou iDcou

tou 0eo6 Arov6oou xd.L o ouorlpcrrr'x6q xar oXeD6v anox),erctx6q ouoxe-

trop6g rou Elovuoraxod otorle[ou pe rnv Av8popuixn oro ltrr,a8rx6 xeiptevo)

ouvrotodv ro crzror6).eopa trig 6nap(r1q avtaycDvrortx6v exrxcitv napaE6-

oet,rv rrou enr8rcoxouv va enrBtr40o6v n prcr r.,o-v o orlv riII4 utoOetd-lvta(

t a ut 61p ov cr pr,ct r axr rxi1 ex).ext tx i6 ag op.o[ro o4 g.

1. O p60oE rou Auxodpyou

H o4pravtr,x6teprl avagopa tou Arov6oou ornv lAdda evroni(e-cd.L oaov

4. Seaford, 6.n. , oo. 116-117.

Av8poptiX4 ptatvopr,dvl: ro Erovuotax6 orotyeio ornv Ifuada 201

p60o tou Auxo6pyou. l lapaO6toupe ro avriorotxo an6oraoyd (Z 130-

140;s '

o66t ydp oidi AptawoE uf'dE xparepbg Aux6opyog

6i7v i1v, 6g po 1eototv trcoupavbotv tpt(ev'

6E rcore pawopdvoto Arcv6oorc rfifivag

oe6e xar' 4ya1eov Nuot'llov' aT 6' &,pa nd,oat

06o0Aa yapai xardyeuav 6rc' &,vdpoE6vorc Auxo6pyou

0 etv6 p.evar, pourcAfi yt' Atcitvuo o E 6 i g o B4 0 ei6

66oe0' aAbE xar&, x1pa, @drq 6' 6ne66$aro x6Anqt

6et6lita' xparepbg ydp Eye rp6pog d,vdpbg 6poxAfi6.

rit piv Ercerc' 666oavro 1eoi peta (dtovreE,

xai ptv tugAdv E04xe Kp6vou rcdlg' o66' d,p' tu 6i7v

fiv, ircei d)avarcrcw d,rcfiy1ero rcdot 9eotow'

To napazcdvco o:ru6or.o.opcr, Ttou afiote),e[ pu0otropx6 rapaEetyptaT, ex-

g€perat ar6 rov Arop4Erl xort avilxeL o'co enero68to Aropr164 - f).a6xou. O

cxXd.LoS tiprog avag€percrr ornv rctopio- tou Auxo6pyou 7!ou e7rtr604xe

orov Ar,6vuoo xd.L'cLq tpogodg rou pe tetrlxri xa:.o'\4\rl rn 9uYr1 tou 0eo6

xal'cn oc.ltrlpia rou orcr f,i0n t4g Od),aooaq 6nou tov unoE6X04xe Yl @d-

trEa8. To pu0o).o.yw6 aut6 napdDerypd o(rtooxorei oro vcr Er1).d-loer trlv

np6geo4 tou Aroprll84 va anog6yel t4 odyxpouoli lre roug 0eo6q, Yto( vct

p r r l v d le r tqv t6Xr1 tou Auxodp lou 65 p d , 0eoTo tv i rco up av io to tv

ipt(ev, pe anor€).eopa va Xdoer, o;pytxa ro gog xq.t iorepcr rl (cor1 tou

i r c e i d 0 a v a r o L o L v d n n X 0 e r o r c d , o t 0 e o i o t y . O t 6 v o q r o u p u -

0o),oyrxod napaEelypatoq eivcrl d.rcoaperfttx6q, xa0olg evraooetcrl orlv

npoond0eto( rou Aropr4D4 va ptd0el crv o olvrir..o'\,6g rou oto neElo rlq

p&xng f).a6xog eivat 0e6g 1 dvOpcorcoq, €rot aore, ovriorouya, 4 va pr4v

notreptrlo eu pa\t tou 11 vct rou enrte0e[.

5. To oplprx6 xeipevo nou Xplorponoreircrr eivar aut6 tou Helmut van Thiel, Horneri l l ias

[Bib l iotheca'Weidmanniana] , Hi ldesheim, Georg Olms, 1996. M6vo oe optopdveg neptnrcDoetg

ou(r'1rr,r tr,q ex8orrxdq enrtroydg tou M. L. West, Homerus ll ias, vol. I: rhapsodiae I-XII

[Bibliotheca Teubneriana], ItoutydpErl - AetQia 1998.

6. Lyerxa pe rlv rl,ri).aror1 rou tdnou oltoxAfi axotrou0ri-r t1v dxDoo4 tou 'West,

6.n., o. 18

(praefatio) pe prB).uoyp o,gia. Ot ).d(er.g 61toxtry1, 6pox)d.a, 6poxA4r4p etupo).o1o6vtat ptdtrtrov

gx6ro dpto- (npp. odvoxp. d.ma-,dpx.7repo. ama-, u66vauYl)) + xcrtrdar napaan6ro opo0 *

xaldo.

7. f w. rl Xplon xar ),ettoupyla rou puOotroytxo6 ncrpa8eilpcrro( evydveu oto op4ptxo

dnog, p) . . M. M. 'S0i l lcock, *Mythological Paradeigma in the l l iad",CQ 14 (1964) I4I-154.

8. Ar6vuooq x91 @6tuq ouv6dovrar pu0o).oytxd. O Ar,6vuooq etye yo,p|oet otl @dttDa,

6t2rv annfi navtperirrlxe rov ll1tr6a, dvav 1puo6 apgopia, Tlou ri Oed Xprlorprono|noe rl,2^p-

Tepa, yra va tozroOet'fioet ra ootd tou A1l)') 'da (a 73 x.e.).

202 Xprlotog K. Toayyri),r1g

H avagopa ann'/1 orov Ar6vuoo arc6 rov Aropr484 y(verat ltera r1v crpr-oreia rou oro E .lq IAmdaE,6nou o yrog rou TuEdd. -cd eiXe p&),et ax61tnxd.L Ve 0eo6g rpdupo(r(\ovraq rou6. H 6r,ovuowxil aut4 napanoptri levraooerd.L oao zc).aiolo t4q dvrov4g no),eprx{q 6paot4pu6t4tag tou Alo-pnDn o' ao16 to tprrlp.a tou dzcouq,6noo o yrog tou TuEda avanLripc,-lver,pta(i pe rov Aiavra xano- x6pro ).6yo, ro xev6 rcoo o.q1oe n rlrro1rola touAxr),),da an6 ul ptixn. To puOo),oytx6 napdEeryprcr rou Auxo6pyou eivarpepaiorq rcpoocrppoop6vo o'cLq d.gnyqgt"anm€q r;voyxeq -cnq oxrp'l1g orrlvonoia avilxeq a).),d tautdXpovo. e"(xcl..Lvuo.\et rnv o(ncrpyfi evoq eocoreprxo6x6x),ou rcou ga(vero(r vcr x).eiver oto t6),og rou Z V, 14 ouvdvryloyl 'Extopa

xac AvDpov-orxnq, Tro( vcx ercavd).0e1oao npooxrlvro ci),).q ptrr gopa, oro -c€-

),og tou X, apdoor q Ve-ca tov Odvaro rou 'Exropa.

To erceto6Eto Aroprn8n - f).a6xou anote).ei p6vo to zcpe).o68ro rcov ga-vepr,rv 11 ).av0avouori-rv avagopr,-rv oro parva8lx 6 orotye(o oro Z tnq IAm-dag. H tono0dtrlon rou erceroo8iou auto6 oryjv o.pxnrlq ourxexpupdvrl6portf,rtrDiaq dvaLxdronrp(\er rl oupperpux'/l rou crvrLoroiXr,orl pe rn oxqv.l|trlg ouvdvrlolg 'Exropa

xar, AvDp ou.o.xnq oto td).og rou Z. H Eoprrxrianni1 ava).oyia Dev a?rote),ei o'ro p6vn trlg an6Der[4 Oepatxo6 ouoxerr-opto6' coor6oo, e[var pra rcpcotl dv8er(4 Trcx rn oqp.aofu rou pro(rva8rxo6otorle[ou otrl patfro8(a Z, o:ll pova8rxrl - Ocx to),p4o<,r vcr 7rto - Erovu-o wx'i1 pa{,rco8ia tou dnoug.

H npcltq autrl o.vo.<popa orov Ar6vuoo eivat onpcxv-cr,xn oxL ltovo ax6Eopr,xrlq n),eupdg dvcrgoprxq ve t4 ox4v4 'Exropa - AvEpopr;.xnq rcou 0aercaxol,ou04oer a).),d xs.L oxe'cLxo grc t4 ouvo).u\ r.rl,poooto^ t4g AvDp o4d-

XIq orlv lAwda. Itpdgovrcrg rlv npoooxn pcrg oro pu0o).oyrx6 napdDer-

T[ro( Tou Auxo6pyou, 0a prnopo6odpe vo( evroniooupe prcr oeqa an6 Ero-vooto^xa orocye(.a rcou dXouv r8raitepo B<ipog yrcr rn popql xar tr1 ).er-toupyia trlg Av8popdxng orlv IAw,6a.

(a) H pretoXrl pawop€vorc (Z I32) r'or: npooErop[(er tov Ar6yuoo d.rco-te).e[ gto. an6 116 neprTlrcooerg orrg oTroieg o 6pog Xpnorporow(to,r orlvIAw6a Xcop(g no).epuxri an6lpororl. To pnpcr paiveo1aL xcl.L ro ouoro( ortx6

ltivoE Xpnorponoro6vtar oXe86v arcox),euotxu pte no).epux.fi oqp"aota, xo"-0drq Erllovouv tr1 pravia tG.rv zco),eprrotciv oro neE[o rng voxnse.To i8ro

9. To p4pta pafueo9at anavra 20 gopeq onlv Ifudda xo,t 4 ornv O66ooeta: E I85, 717,g 3 l , z t 0 l , l 3 2 , 3 g g , o 1 1 1 , 3 5 5 , 3 6 0 , 4 r 3 , r 2 3 9 , O 1 2 9 , 6 0 5 , 6 0 6 , n 7 5 , 2 4 5 , A 5 , X 4 ( r 0 ,O 114, 135' r 350, ), 537, o 406, g 298.To ouotaottx6 pawaE o.no.vro ara\ orov oprlprxri6pvo Eiq Arjp4rpa, 386: ijl:$' 46te p a t v d, S 6poE xrita 6d,oxtov [jA4E. To p&oE rzzroretreixup[oq Xapctxry]protx6 tov av6p<iv xal 0ecopeiro.t oootancx6 orotaeio trlq no].eprxr1g Dervri-rriraq ev66 no).eprwd1. [1ocvto6, 6ev Xplorporrorreirol arcox],erotrxd yua dv6pe6 (p].. O 411,483,488). B). . xar D. Hershkovirz,TheMadness of Epic: Readinglnsani ty f rom Homer to Std-

Av8popriXrl pauvopr6vl: ro Drovuolax6 orouXeio or4v l)dda 203

roxder xd.L a(d. To oDorcrotx6 Atiooar Trou erupo).oyrxd Dev olett(erat pera pa(,veo9at xo't ptvoE, a),tr<i Xpnorporc orcircl't xo't ann6 pe rov [6ro tp6no,6r1).aEr'1 pe notreprxrl o4praoia. O Seafordr0 €yet napatriprloeu ocootd norqorIV lAmda xo.t ornv O66ooew undplouv p.6vo €\r nepmrdsoetg 6nou 11prav[a Eev dler no),eprrxl1 o4p"aota. @a erclpreivoupe ornv nport4 xa.L aL<66o te).e or akq neptrctdroerq I r.

H npcrt4 an6x)rton eivat o.o:*1 rou X 70-71B, 6nou o I-lpiapoq Xpnor-prorcore[ ro prlpo( d,fujooa (o'( x' Epbv atpa rct6vreg d,fujooovteg rrepi 1upQ Ixeioovr' ev rrpo06porct) avagep6pevoq ota oxu),ta nov 0a xano.ono.po.-(ouv to ocipa ^col xd.L 0a nrouv ro aip,a rou 6tav 0a xekan vexp6q p"€oa

oto i8r,o rou ro na),dtr. O Seafordr2 uno8erxv6eu aq l:'o'pa),),r1).o ro ar6-orcd.oyd 337-339 o.ro tgBaxyes'cou Euprn[Er1 6nou praOalvoupe yra [...]rbv'Axraiuvog &,1Atov ptopov I 6v cbp6oLro: oxLAaxeS riS i1ptQaro I 6ce-

onaooavro 1...1xa0olq xdr rov or.977 an6 triv i6ra tpayoE(a, 6xoo )oaiA6ooaE xtveg 0a Er,ape).loouv tov flevOda.

H rtdprntl e (aipeori elvar aut4 tou O ll4 (qpeoi pawogttvnow),6rcou

o Aiag exgpa\et rr1 6uoap€oxew rou, eTreLDn o AXrtrtrdag Dev ercuotpeget

to ocirpa rou vexpo6 'Exropa

a),).d ro xpara ora n).oia) i\poxd.).arvtag

€rot trlv opyrl 6).cov tcov Oeolv, zceproo6repo dprg tou [Etou tou Aia (O

113p- l l4a : dprd d ' E(oya rcavruv I d9avarav xeyoA6o0at ) . H opyn

tou A[a 0upri(er qv oppl trov Oeorv orov pt60o tou Auxo6pyou (Z 140: ircei

d,)avatoow d,rc4y1ero rcd,oc )eoTotv) xo.t evraooead.L oto [Ero 0epratrx6

n).aioro pe ro rcpocrvo(gepOdv arc6onaopct rou X 70-71p, pta xo.t anet),ei.

r4v exr€).eor1 trlg te).etouplfag zcou axotrou0ei tov 0dvato ("threatens the

performance of the death ritualr), pt6vo nou autrl tr1 qopd, 6noq Er1).6vel

e6oroXa o Seafordrl, 4 o-ner,trr1 a<pop a :l1v napapr6pgool tou vexpo6

oc,-rpratoq 6yt o-no ta oxulro.,6ruc, ornv rrep[ntcoorl rou l-lpudpou, a].].d

an6 rov i6to tov dvOpcono, Tov Ap),).da, rcou, 0a npoodOeta, yivetar, pre-

raqopma €vaq 6p4ori7E xiav, exntrrlpo-rvovro(q pe rov lrLo xdlnyopnpcr-

rtx6, a).).d xo..L'cpoc.vm6 oovo.pra tp6no, rl qptxatrda npogylrtxrl e(ayye-

).ia cou r).r,aDrxo6 npootpt[ou (A 1-5: Mfivw &,etde, 1ed,, [I4A4t&,6eco'AytAiloE

I o\Aoplvnv, i pupi' 'Ayarctg

d,Aye' t04xe, I rcoAA&6 6' tcp1QtouE <puyd,E "AL'-

t ius, O\rpopDr1, Clarendon Press, 1998, o. 143 xatoqlt. 57 pe Brp),ro1parp(4.10. Seaford , 6.n. , oo. 143-144.

11. Tpia ri).).a r).ra8rxri napaEeiypata avag6povtat orov Ar6vuoo xcrt tlv Av8popril l (Z

L32, 389 xau X 460). O Ar6vuooq Tapo:xrnpi{etcrt pe q petoXrl p.awoplvoto (Z I32) xat 4AvEpoprripi aq pawoptv1 ttxuTa (Z 389) xo.u pawa\t'b4 (X 460). To notreptrx6 Xpcopct arcow

ow\er azc'6troug auto6g rouq Xcrpcrxtripropodq. fla trq nepwrcrhoetg aucdg, ptr. t lq EroaTco-''fixeq r!r/;? o-rrlprlo erq.

12 . Sea fo rd , 6 .n . , o . I 43 .

1 3 . ' O . n . , o . 1 4 4 .

204 Xprlotog K. Toayyti),r1g

& rcpota t l tev I qpc i tav , q i ro is E d ' E^6p ta re6ye x6 v€oo tv I o ia -

voToiv te rdot [...])to.H te),euto.ia e\aipeoyi rlg notreptxrlg Xpnolq roo paiveo)qr anavra

ornv O66ooetq (o 406),6nou o Tr1),6pcxxoq xcxrllopei roug pvrlot4peg

Xprlortronorcivrcrg ro prlpa pafueo9at (6ary6vrc4 patveoOe [...]). Ax6ytn xo.t

anltfi 4 o8uooewxi1 Xpnon rov paiveo1at pe pl notreprxr1 otypo.ofu oyeri-

\erat pe rl percrgopuxil avanporil 'ft, oa<p€orepd, pe arcer),rl rnq .pap4trraq

te).etoup.(aq a).).d xcrr rou ldpou yevma (evvocl tou ODuoo€o. xo..L anq

llrlve).6nr1g) nou ouvr,otd n po(xpoxp6vra rEcrpdpov4 ttov pvlorylpc.lv oro

na),dtt xo'.L n arcaftqorl toug vcr xcrtatraper €vag an6 anno66 tn 0do4 tou

O8uoo6a Ein),a orrlv ll4vetr6nr1 t5.

Iuve{etd(ovtaq 6}.eg autdg rtg pl no},eprxdg Xpqoer,g rou patveo1at

orlv lfua\a xcrr orlv O66ooeta, o Seaford Eraniotcooe 6t xa9eqLo. d.rco

aurdq oyed\eran nwith one or more of the elements of our tragic complex of

ideas: violence within the household, the negation of ritual and the Diony-

siaco 16.

Merd an6 aorrlv tqv exrev'fi avdtruorl rng pn rco).eptxr1q Xpnolg rou

paiveo1an, Eranrotcovetat nco6 o t6noq pawoplvon (Z I32) r'oo Xplotuo-;r.orctrcrt yra vcr Xcl..po;x'cnploer, rov Ar6vuoo e"(xd.Lvw\et pra evte],coq Drovu-

owx'fi Xprlon tou 6pou, rrou o-clv D,d,6a <po,ivero't 6tu npoouErd(er orlv

Av8popdxn xo..L rlv Trcrpooo(a triq p6oa oro €roq.(9) Ito pu0o).oyr,x6 r'o'po.8erlpa rcou Xpyjorptorcotei o AtoptrlD4q, o Au-

xo6pyog, o T106 tou Ap6av-cd) ercL'cf0etar orrg rpogo6g rou pcttv6pevou

Arov6oou nou Bp(oxovrcrt pta(i tou oto Nuorlov, pouv6 trlg @pdxnq (Z

L32-L33)n.H lAmda Eev avagtperat lentopep6q otrl Dpaot4pt6rrpa

autorv rcov yuvdtxthv, xaO<,rg neprop[(e'cd.L vd. lrcrg fier ou ept\av, lcpogo(-

vd-rq navr,x6B).4reg, o-co dEagog roug 06poou6 Ttou xpctto6oav. I6prgcova

6prg Fe rov E6p4),o, rcou e(roropeL tov pt60o or4v Eipanfu (Bernab6,

PEG, o. ll2, an. 11), or, tpogof (nou xo.t exei dncoq xo'.L oro Z 132 d.rcoxo.-

14. f ra to Odprcr rou Drapetrropro6 tou o<oparog or1v lAtdda, pI .C.Segal , TheTheme of

the Mut i lat ion of the Corpse [Mnemosyne, suppl . l7] , Leiden 1971.

15 . Sea fo rd , 6 .n . , o .144 .

16 . 'O .n . , o . 145 .

17. To Bouv6 ovopd(etar N6oa otov Euplni6n (BdxXat, 556).Idprgova pe rov G' S. Kirk

(The l l i ad :aCommenta ry ,vo l . I I , books5-8 ,Cambr idge ,Cambr idgeUn ive rs i t yPress , 1990 ,o .

174): .There were many mountains of that name - f rom India to Babylon, Arabia and Libya ac-

cording to Hesychius - associated wi th or named af ter the god, but bT were r ight in taking th is

one to be in Thrace because Thetis is nearby (136), since she lived in an underwater cave between

Samos, i.e. Samothrace, and Imbros according to 24.77-84,. H enttroy1 tttg @pdxr16 eivat oco-

odlxo.t yla dvav enrntrdov ),6yo: ouvdDet pre t4 puOotroyxd Dra8e8oprdvrl avti).r1{.rr1 6tr, o A16-

vuooq dtrxer tr1v xaralcoylltou at6 tr1 @pdxr1.

Av8popripl prarvopdvl: to Dtovuotax6 ototye[o ot4v D,tada 205

).o6vtar n1fivat) €ajyyavov a6rtt [evv. Ar,ov6o,.u] ouvopytd(ouoat.l-lp6xeu-

tar Er1tra6{ yta ptar,vd8eg, no'po- ro yeyovos oaL Dev Xp4otponole[tat o

6poq aor6g an6 rov nor4t4 r4q lAwdag. H I6(a d).trotote nou ouvctvtdpe

e6<i yra rrq yuvo(ixeg ri'ou ouvo8e6ouv rov Ar6vuoo (tfifivac) o.notvro' xo.t

o'co erceLo66co trig ouvdvt4olg rou 'Extopa pe rlv Av8pop<l14 t6oo oro Z

389 (cptpet 6' &y.a rcatda r t 0 4 v 4) 6oo xcl.L o'co Z 467-4688 @r!) 6' 6 rcdtE

rcpbs x6Arcov iU(6voLo r t04vnE I i i l ' iv94 id,Xav), dv xd.L vtopi tepa,

oro Z 399,4 iEra luvatxa yo.pcl,rc4p(\ercrr pe rov Trto ouv40r,opt€vo, lcar4v lAtc.dq,, xoll 1evrx6 opo dpEircoAoE. O iEuoq 6poq Xplotpotcorciro.t xo.t

oto X 503 (dv d,yxaAi\€oot u04v4). O Priviterar8 dlet oaora ncxpo(rrl-

p4oer 6t o 6poq u04v4 anox).ivet am6 q ouvr104 ttrraDrxl 64).c,lo4 'cn1Po.-

yrcrg pe t4 Id(4 rpoE6E xd.L q.rcovtd pr6vo r€ooepuq gopdg o' o),6x),Ylpo ro

€:rog (Z 132,389,467 xar X 503), xaOcog oyed\erat pe rov prarvaDrop6

xa.L aLq oxnv€g 6nou Trptorcryt,lvtotodv o 'Extopdg,

Yl Av8poptipn xd.L o

Aotudvax'cd.q. H Xpnon tou 6pou rt04v4 ora :'picr clr'ooxrt.o1.dad. npooOd-

rer orou q Xdpd.xarlptopo6q pawopdvorc (Z 132), pawopdvn Q 389) xo't

pawd,& (X 460) d).),o dva "Dtovrsoto,x6 ototXeio", rEou pe rY1 oetpa rov gal

verar vcl. Xo.pffi&npi\ero.t anr6 dva e[6og exAextu4E ouyytveLq,s pe ro p6vo

np6oorco oro €:;,oq fiou oxeri\erat pe 8rovuo'rl'xotc, urto(tvtTpo6g, t4v Av-

EpopdX4.(y) Ltov p60o tou Auxo6plou, Dev €Xer, 6o0ei 4 Ddouoa npoool{ oe

xanotooq ),av0dvovreg ouoxetropodq pe rnv AvDpopdpn xd.L tov 'Extopa.

O Auxo6pyog Xo.pox'cnpi\ero.t pe ro enf0eto d,vdpogovorc (Z L34), r'oo

ouvrotd pta(i pte ro ouorctoux6 fiou rlpooErop((er, orrlv apxrtxil efte orq

).r1xtrxr1 B€oq rou ef,apdtpou, tro16tuno. To eni0eto avdpocp6voE arcavra

17 <gopeq orylv lfuadare, arc6 uq onoteq 13 gopeg oe yevrxrl rct<bo4zo xo't

pr6vo rpelq oe d.L'cLo^ctxr1 (L 3I7,VI 18 xar, O 479) 6rcou npooDtopi.\etro.

qovma ldpra tou AXrtrtr€o,. Arco rr,g 13 gopeq 7!ou ro ert9ero ann6 anavra

oe yevrx'i1rctc.lor1, trq 11 avagdpe-ca.L o'cov 'Extopa (ehe orlv o'pyfi eke

oto rd).oq rou otiXou, oaLS exepaoetg 69' "Exropog d,vdpotp6voto \"Exto-poE d,vdpocp6vorc), V[d qopo- orov Apn (A 441: "Apeoq dvdpog6von) xo't

1t(.a gopo,, oro rl;n6oro.opo( Ttou e\era\oope, orov Auxo6plo (Z L34: 6rc'

d,vdpogovon Auxoupyou). Katd ouvdzcelcx, ro eni1ero d,vdpotp6voto, xa-

Ocog arcote).ei rlvrl;n6oncr.o^co tpllpta evoq troyot6nou Tlou oyed\ercrt pe

tov 'Extopct, ctvdo6per oto pua).6 Tou ?rotrlt4 atr),d xdt rou axpoatrlplou

rou rrq i6req ),av0dvouoeg uno64trooer,q. Kau, 6rtcoS exo uTtoorYlpi\et xo't

18. Pr iv i tera,6. f i . , o. 61, o41, t . 18.

19. Mia p6vo gopti orqv O66ooem (a 26L: cpappaxov d'v6pog6vov 6t(4pevo)'

2 0 . A 2 4 2 , L 4 4 1 , 2 r 3 4 , 4 9 8 , I 3 5 1 , n 7 7 , 8 4 0 , P 4 2 8 , 6 1 6 , 6 3 8 , L 1 4 9 , 3 1 7 , V 1 8 , Q479, 509,724.

206 Xprlocog K. Toayyti),r1g

oe vid. dll),1 Tepi.o^cd.on oxe'cLxo- v, dvav ri),).o r,).la8r,x6 ).o16tun ozr, rlv61.-xa)re( a).).d xd.L rco'.pd.n€pr.et orov 'Exropa,

d.xo1n xo,t 6tav antr6q afiou-ow(et un6 ro ouyxexprpdvo o::6oro,opo', xaltbq o ).oy6ru7rog exeL d.Iro-xriloet VLo.., d.S pou ETrrrpane( n pero(gopo', Brcparu4 a6pa, autrlv noudxer eyypo.gei otrl ou).).oytxi| ouvel6r1ol rlg naprlEoorlq.'Erot, o ].oy6tu-:rcoq 6n' d,vdpog1von Auxohpyou napandpfier orov 'Exropa,

xd.L ro r).ra-Erxd xelprevo errBeBarorver aurrlv t4 ].ertou pyio- trig 0epe].r,c6Eoug, Trupnvr-xrlq r66ag rou ).oyotdnou, ptcrq pre-verbal Gestalt xana tov Nagler22. Lrrlox1vi1 t4q ouv&vrlolg t4g AvEpopdxrg pe rov 'Exropa

ot4 pa{.rco 6ia z, o'Extopag

npooEropt\erat an6 ro [Er,o eni0 ero: "Extopos d,vdpocpovon (z498). Me tov tp6no aut6v, o pri0o6 tou Auxo6pyou o'i,o;w(ooerdr yrcr pldvd.xovn qopd rtlv "ExropoE xai'Avdpopdxns Spaia nou 0a axo).ouOr1oeroe ),iyo. To enlOero d,vdpocp6vorc 6p,rg oovanrero(r pe pova8rx6 rpo'roxdt lre tr1 po[pa tlg Av8popdxnq, 6naq ga(verat anr6 ro tro.pona[yvro oroo 723-724: tf iotv d' 'A

v 6 p o p r* xr1 AeuxoAevoE fipxt y6on I "Exropoq

d v d p o 9 6 v o t o x a p n p e r d x € p o i v E y o u o a . L r o o g D d o a u t o 6 q o t . ,rcou d.rcote).o6v dva ei6og eroaycolr4STLo- to por,po).oLanqou(d1ou Trcr rovvexp6 dv6pa rn6, ro nenpolprdvo rou vexpo6

'Exropa (dvdporp6von) ouvd-vra antr6 u1q'Avdpopdxns uroypdlrpi\ovrac, rlv xorv4 poipa t6oo touex)*n6vroq 6oo xd.L'cnq porpo),oytorpo.g, evo^ gtor(po noD n Xnpcr rou Tcro

\axoooro6 rpcoa8itrl rco).eprcl. l1ei.ye 4Eq npoavayye[],er oro X 477-479:" E x r o p , t y d 6 6 o r n v o E . i f i a p a T L T v 6 p e 0 ' a T o 2 l d p E 6 r e p o t , o i , t

t t iv ivTpoin [ Ipmpou xard,66pa, la i rd,p iy,) t @4p2ow urcd I IAdxto6A46ooyt luyxp6v<o6 6pcog 11 €xgpaoq perd, Tepoiv {youoa or'c;,w(ooeratra av8p6govd y€pw (d,vdpoE6vous ptpa) tou Axr,),),dcr nou zcpoxa),eoavtov xap6 tou 'Extopa.

To eni0eto d,vdpocpfvoE €yet ),or,n6v ef,e).r10ei oeprra r).ra8rxri prercovupia 16oo yrq rov

'Exropa 6oo xo,t Trcr rl ogeonrou pe

trlv AvDpopdXvl, oto 6vopc;- -cnq or'o(aq d).).coote o.v'cLxo.'coxrpt\etol.(D) 'Eva

d).).o oror,leio orov p60o tou Auxo6pyou Trou Trcrpouora(er.

21. BI . C. C. Tsagal is , " f lggrEdreq i16re veppoi : Genealogy and Poet ic Imagery of a Ho-meric Formul2", Symbolae Osloenses 76 (200L) l l3-129 (= "llegu(6teq rli ice veppoi: c(pxaro-),oyia xo.L rcoLnrLx{ etxovonouio. evoq oplprxo6 troyordnou", ApXanyvoto(a 1200I-20021 I l3-r32).

22. f ca rrlv dvvor,c rlq pre-verbal Gestalt, pI. M. Nagler, oTowards a Generative View ofthe Homeric Formula", TAP4A9S (1967) 269-311, xar tou r8 iou, Spontanei ty andTradi t ion: AStudy in the Oral Art of Homer, Berkeley, Cal., Universiry of California Press, 197 4, oo. 8 x.e. Ienap6proteg nepr,ntooelg, 1 ),etroupy(a evoc, Serxtcxo6 1vapro6, zrou ouviotcl-cd.L o'Eov ouv8ua-opti ptetprxorv, propgo),oytxr,.lv xd.L oprl'.oLo).oyrxcov ororleiov, 6rlprroupyei epp1veurrx (x Xvrx-ptct Trou avaxa),orivrat an6 to xe(pevo 6rav epqavi(ovtar, Tro'.pop,oLe; ouv0rlxeq, ax6pn xrx,.av exgtpovtcn pdoar torv a),),op6pgcov rouq. B),. A. Kahane, The Interpretation of Order, O\-g6p8n, Clarendon Press, 1994, oo. 43-79.

Av8poptdX4 par,voprdvl: ro Dlovuotax6 orotyeio orqv lilmda 207

ava).oyieq pe rn ox4vr1 tr1g ouvdvrnolg 'Exropa

xar Av8pop&Xn6 e(vat

aur6 tou g6pou. Ito Z 135 a).).d xar, 66o ot. apy6repd (L37\ paOa[voupte

6t o Ar,6vuooq Eop41eiE (135) xata660nxe oan 0dtraooa, 6zcou rov urco-

Dd104xe 6e66ra (L37) 11 @6tr,g orlv oyxo,\w t46. Itou S o'c.Z 467-469 oprxp6g Ao'tudvaxad.q rpopropdvoq an6 r,4ya\xtvl TrcrvoTr)ria xo.t to a).oyi-

oro ).ogio rlg neplxeqo'l,aiag rou 'Exropa

xpugtnxe orylv o.yxo'\ta r1q

tpoqo6 Trou rov xparodoe o'cq. y€p,c'cnS @Q E' 6 naig rcpds x6Anov

i\(dtvoto a04v4E I ixAiv94 iayav, rcarpbE q},ou 6r!w druy9eiE, I t a p -

F no a 6 yaAx6v re i6i )6qov trcrcrcyaic4v).(r) H avaLo'yia avapeoa orov goBo tou Arovdoou xol o' aut6v tou

Aotudvaxco.. evLoxierat xol an6 ro yeTov6q 6rq 6nog tov goBlopdvo 0e6

tov unoE€yerat orov x6).no qg n @€trg (Z 136: @drq 6'6rc e6d(d,ro

x 6 A 7r qo), €rot xo.u o Aotudv dx'cq.S eke xpvpercrt orov xopgo trlg tpogo6(Z 467-468a: A,! 6 '6 rcaig rcpbE x6Arrov E\(cbvorc u04v4E I txAiv94

iayav) eite l6verdr ornv ocyxo')*a t4q prltdpcrg rou Av8popuixrlq (Z 483: a6' d,pa pw x466eL 66{aro x6Are)21, el leBpi"oxeLird.Qnyoptd ornv o(-

yxcr\ta rng rpogo6 tou (X 503: iv d,yxaAi\eoot u)fiv4E)2a.(<) H €xgpaon 66oe0' &,Aog xard, x1pa (Z 136o.) xrll xopiag n Xp4orl

tou prlprarcq 66opq,L rcd.pouow\et pu,cr travOdvouoa crvctroyia pE rrl gpaon

y06va 66pevat noo ewp€per I AvEpopdl4 xaOcbg e61etar, va puOrorei orq

yn nc,po- va \ipet Xr,lpig tov 'Exto pd (Z 411). O t6no6 66pevat Xpnorpo-

now(rcrt 4 gopec, orlv lAd,6a, rq 3 oe notreptu6 r\,aiorc (Z 185: payrlv

1. . .1 66pevat ' E 63: r6Aepov 66pevat 'T 313: noAdpou or6pa 66pevat

atpar6ewoE) xo.t p6vo edcb (Z 411) lre ro ouorcrorr,xo X06va. Mla avri-

ororxn €xgpoo1 a).),d pe dvcxeipevo tov t6zco yatav ouvavtdpe p6vo oto

Z l9z yaTav i66r4v. Encap6o0eta, o tro16tunoq 6Avat (xata66vat) 6pt-

Aov, roo XplotpoTrorctro* xarc\oyi1v oe noLeprx€q ox4v€q, azcotdtreoe to

dvauopa ytcr rl 64ptroupyla tou trextrxo6 napa].].4trropod avapeoa ora

66o cxnoor'o.olt"and.' xd.L xaOo:q ad. xeL1evwcr oupgpa(6preva autrlg t4g

oxrlv'l1q npoUnd0ercrv ptcr erprlvwfi owavrnol tcov 66o ou(61cov ora re[y4

t4g Tpoio(g Tcptv arc6 tov oprotlx6 roug lt lpropt6, o troydtu?log Xpetd\oravvcr Trpoodppoorei oro vdo tou neprB&),),ov. To arcot6).eopa 4tav n En-

proupy[a tou atrtr6propgou y06va 66pevat (Z 411) nou an4Xo6oe en|o1q

23. Zro enelo66ro 'Exropa xal Av6poptopq oro Z 11\€\r1 x6Anog Xpnotpozroreital oulvd

Trcr va npop&),er rrlv erx6va rou prxpo6 xan <poprcpdvou Aotuovo.xta (Z 400 z'al6' iri

x6)rcqs Eyouo'dra)dgpova, v4rcrov aTraE). Mrcr nap6prota etx6va qavto.\eral r; Av6popdp

xdl oao X 523, a),).d exei I IdEn x6\roE anooow(et: e86eox' tv A€xrporcw, iv dyxaA{\eoot

rfi4v4E).24. Privitera, 6.T,, oo. 6l-62, xat rcpiroq o. 61 or1p. 18'

208 Xp4orog K. Toalyd).r16

tr1v 6xgpaon 66oe0' aAdE xqrd, x1pa (Z l36o.)zs.(() 'Evag

d),),oq ).av0dvtov ouoxerrop66 evtoni(etc(r, ornv eprprovrl tcov66o anoortcropdtc,lv vcr uTroypapprf(ouv rn po,\mo:'lr1.cd. anq xd.rd.oreogng.Lro Z L33P-L34a, or pdyreg tou Arov6oou p(Xvouv 61e6 pa(i touq 06poouqroug or l Tn (a i 6 '&pa nd ,oa t I 06o0Aa yapa i xd , rdyeuav) . I to ener -o68ro

'Extopa xar AvDpoFriXIg, l e.x6vo- prcrg eTrcrnertro6pevyjq n nape).-

0o6o11g oupgopri q exgpa(erdr pe avd).oyo tp6no. Or avtioror,Xor or. pL-).o6v an6 p6vor roug: Z 4099-410a: tayd Tdp oe xd,rd,xraviouotv'A-yarc i I rcq ,v re€ icpopp41dvreE 'Z 4L6B: xa td , 6 ' Ex tave 'Het tuva .Z4L8-4 I9a : dAA'&pa pw xardx4e obv Evreoow \adaAioo tv 146 ' i r r io q p ' E y e e v ' A 4 2 2 - 4 2 3 : o i p t v r c a v r e E i Q x i o v i j p a u " A t 6 o E e t o a . In d,v r d E Tdp x ar 6 rce(pve rodd,px4; 6to;'ApAAe6E.

(q) Xrilpoqxo;L xivrio4: o Epapatrx6g Xdrpo6 6nou extutr[ooovrcrl roooTo efiero66ro rou Auxo6pyou 6oo xo't qor6 tou 'Exto pd. xq.L t4q Av8po$cr-

Xlq npooDlop[(etar pe dxp(Bew. O Auxo6pyoq xata8rc,lxer rov Ar,ovuooxcxL aLq pralvdEeg rou oro Nuorirov dpoq, o' €vu. Bouv6 E4),aEq, dvcrv Xoponou ppioxe"cdl €\a ar6 ra 6pw trlg n6),4q xd.L ouppo),i(er rlv dlro1.d.-xpuvon azc6 tov Xcopo tou e),ey16pevou q.n6 rov dvOpclno no).rtroprou, prano^pc^\evn xrl.L yonaeurrxfi ayp6rlrcr. Kat<i ouvdrcera, ro nlaioro rouerceLoo8fou rou Auxodpyou pdq petagdpet e[cp14g o' dvav "a],],o" Xopo,orlv neproXrl r4q 6rcvuowx4E ecep6t4rag, 6nou o 0e6q xo.l oL prarva8eqTou lrercrxtvo6vtar xa0coq crTEolrdxpdvovtar arc6 tov Xcipo rnq n6A4E orov

Xr,rpo trlg dyprag <p6oqq. To Bouv6 6ev arcote),ei ),orn6v an).coq dvcrv yEcD-\(ed.gLxo npoo8r,oprop6 cr),).ci to odpBo),o praq perd,Baons d.lro to dtr).oyooro d).oyo orortre("o, an6 tov Xcopo 6ztou xupr,crpxei o rcotrutroprdvoq ),o1oqtou avOpcircou o' €va ct),),o en[ne6o 6nou e[var aro04tli 4 8arprovrxrl Eu-vocpl tou 0eo6 Atov6oou.

Kcitr o:vr(orottro ?rcrpcrrnpel,:'at xcrr orl ox4v4 t4q ouvdvrnonq'Extopaxar, AvDpopr&Xng oto Z. Or 66o o6(uyor, ouvcrvrr,o6vtar, ora re(yn rngTpoiaq, yeyov6g olpr,crvcx6 .yw E6o ].6youq. I-lpcitov, ylati €tot o.vo..(xo.-(ovtat vcr perqxr,vrlOo6v an6 rov omeio X6po roug, trlv n6),r1, xo.L ouyxe-xprpdva an6 to ox',tc rng I AvEpopti6n xo'.L an6 to ne6io tqq ptdplq o

25. O ),oy6runog 66vat (xata66va) 6pd,ov anovto 8 gopdq ot1v lAdda (f 322, H 13 1,

K231,433, L 537, N 307,O 299,Y 76). fw to atr ) ,dpopcpo d,va66vat SptAov, pI . H 217. B^.enioqq K 338 (x&AAtg'6pt)ov) xar lI 729 (66oE0' dptAov iciv), r.oo avagtperan orov Ano).-Lorva xar 0upi(et ro Z 136 (66oe0' dAbE xard x1pa). O C. Segal (nAndromache's Anagnorisis:Formulaic Artistry in Il iad 22.437-476", HSCPh 75 [197Il 33-57) unootr'1pf(er 6rr ro 6e6teporpiuo( rou or. X 462 (xai dvdpd:v t(ev 6pAov) nis clearly modeled after \ijvat (xata6itva)

6pt)ov, common in the battle scenes" (48). To Evturrootax6 oiloupa e[var nr,rg xolo'auro to

an6onaopc( rEporcTov[otprc e(var q Av6poptiXl (!).

Av6poprdX4 pcrr,vop6vl: ro Etovuolax6 orovyei.o ot1v Ifuada 209

'Exropaq. Ae6tepov, ener,E4, exr6q ar6 r4v apgiEpop4 xiv4orl tov D6o

ou(6yc,rv, ra retan trlq Tpofag ouvtoro6v dvav Xclpo peraparm6, €vav yti-

po Trou Eev avrlxer o6te orlv n6trr1 o6te oto rce8io rng ptiXng xol, xd.a'

er€xrao4, o6te orlv Av8poprlXrl odte orov'Extopa. Aut6 to p€pog d.rco-

Eecxv6etar, ef,apetmo- oqpavux6 Trcr rnv lAft\a, xa0og crnoteLe[ €va pe-

rc.cpopm6 xatrig).t 6nou o Xcipog xol o yp6vog oad4roao6u n, oag€orepa,

peteorp[(ovrcrt yta vcr crxtvlroTror,t'loouv ta E6o onpcrvrtxo- o.oro np6ooor'o-

rou drcoug y6pt,r o.n6 ra onor"a ef,uga[ve'co;L "co rlptou trlg ttrta8r,xrlg tpayol-

Diag. 'Otav

o x6x).og rlq rpcryco8iaq autrlg 0a n).4ovq.oet rpoq trlv o),o-

xtrr1poor1 rou, rl IAm6a 0a avao6pet yrcr <iII4 proc Aopd orlv crgnynpcr-

rtx'i1lr1q entgo:veta aq. tei^trn tr16 n6trri g. ExeL, pnpootti otcr [Ela te[X4 0a

rolylei to Dpdpa tou'Extopo,, exe(.0a extu),tX0ei 4 0avdtcoo'iyro,t anr6

tov AXrlJ,t€,u, exe(", td),o6, 0 a xan q.tp6yer, navrx6B).lrl, crvdpa).).rcropdvr1,

i6ua pe parvdEa q Av8popdpn'fio.. va 6er, xo;Lvo'. porpotrol4oec tov vexp6

o6(uy6 116 oro neEio rnq pdxn926.Lro ercer,o68r,o aut6 ouvavtdpe d.Qxe-

ta anr6 ra podpcx rou Z. H AvEpoptiXrl 6r,aoXi\et ro pdyapo pe taX6trlta

(X 460: peyapon 6Goouto), r1 xap8w ug n,&),tretar. (X 46I: rcqAAopdvn

xpa6Qv\. Tp6Xer \ava oro reiyog 6nou 0a Eet tov 'Extopa vexp6, va o6-

percrr arc6 ro dppo tou AXrtrtrdcr. M6ocr orov nqvtx6 trlg Xdvet, pero(go-

ptxa, ro gc,.lg rng, ot,:p rl.\ero,t xat trr1orver, 11 xap8w rnq (X 466-467: dy 6'

xd,r' ocp1aApav ipeBevvn vbq ixalutpev I fiptne 6' E(orctods, d,nb 6i tltufiTv

Exarcuooe). PiXver u.n6 ro xegdtrr, t4q 6),4 ta o6pBo),4 tou yctpou rnq pe

tov'Extopcr (X 468-470). O ydptoq roug, o ztat6pag rlq Hetiorv, 4 xor,vrl

poipa rouq pe rov 'Exropa

xq.L guoLxo- \ avagopa orov Aotudvaxaq. o'co

popotr6l rylq nou 0a axol,ou0rioer,, 6).4 naparc€pzcouv oan oxnvfiroo 227.

Ta rc(yq ouvroto6v 'co rorctx6 ohpBoAo r4E qaymfiE poipaE tr,rv 66o

ou(6y<,:v) xo..L o npcorpog ouoxertop6g roug lre ro ezcero66lo AvEpopoXnS

xat'Exropcr oro Z rq. xo.lrcra 6p an).dlq dvav rontx6 rcpooEtoprop6 a).),d

dvav Epaptatrx6 Xcopo xaipwq o4paoiaq28. I-[ota 6prg eivol 11 o16o4 tou

Epapatrxo6 Xc,lpou pe t4 Erovuowxil perdgopti ot4v or'oiq. avagep0{-

xo-ve;

26. BI. tq pa{;co6ia X oto o6vo},6 tr1q.

27. O Seaford (6.n., oo. 118-119) eXer oaota covioEt 6tcorrl oxriv/1 autrl optopdva tu-

ncxa orotye(a r1q 1crp1).rag tetretoupyiag, 6nug o p.axdptop6E xol o v6og oixoq 6rors 0o (n-

oouv or ve6vupr<pot, dXouv ctvrtorpctgei fixat evtetrolq xaraotpaget.

28. H or4taoia rov rerXalv yr,a rIV lfudda efvat r,6raitep4. 'O],eg or 6papatux6'g oxryv€';

nou oXeri(ovrar pre ro ptdtrtrov 1116 T poiag 6la8papat[(ovtcrr, ora reip iy otq n6treg xal 61t

oro eoorepLxo TnS n6),r1q (1 tetXooxonio- oto f, 1 ouvrivcloq'Extopa - Av8popdXrlg oto Z,

or npoer8onoqoer.q an6 tov llpiapo xcrr tnv ExriBl otov 'Extop d. ar,o X, to polpotr6t 1ra tov

'Exropa oro X). BL S. Scully, Homer and the Sacred City, khaca, N.Y. - London, Cornell

Univers i ry Press, 1990, oo. 42-43.

210 Xp4otog K. Toayyd).4g

Axo).ou0clvta6 tov Segal, nou xpyiorpoTco(r\oe rouq 6pou6 opt(6vrrcExo^t xd1ercg &$ovd; 'fio'. va rcpoo6topioer, npoxerprdvou Trcr rl.lv crpxcria e).-),r1vuxri tpayo8la 6,rt e(vat otxeio otq (cl{ tqg rc6}.4s xd.L 63t. e(vat (dvoTcpog aori1v2e, ptnopodpe vcr e(et,*ooupte tov lopo 6nou extu),(ooerrr.L roercero66Lo'Exropa xar, Av8poprdxng pe pdorl rouq 56o auto6g d(oveg rcoupag D[vouv t4 6uvcrr6vpa va avtr],r1g0o6pe rqv a].],4].eni6paor1 trlg Er,o-vuoraxrlg avagopag orov p60o tou Auxodpyou (Z 130-140) pe r4v unoe\&ao4 ox4vi1.

O op(6vrrcE a(ovq,E rcepL),apBdver rrl ouv otqoq ora reiy4, orlvono(a avagepOi!xap.e, a),).d xd.L ̂co eiDog rrtq x(vnonq rc,lv 66o ou(6ycov. oSchadewaldt nrote6eu rco.rg30 ri dptgaol ppioxerar e8cl ornv apgi8poprn xi.-vylol, xaOcog o

'Exropaq ava(r1t a r[v Av8poprdxn orov dm6 r4E xcJpo, evc,r

aurrl orov 6m6 rou, ora reiyn3l. Av xoru o6pgovo( pe t4 6rxr1 pag eppr4veiara tetal pti).).ov npoo8ropi(ouv dvav ev8r,dpreoo xti:po, ago6 oxeE6v navraorlv lAmdq or Tp6eg Byaivouv orIV neEcd8a yrcr vcr no).eprloouv pE rou<Axarodg (npaypatr,xrl no),rcpx(.a 6ev dloupre o1e56v nor€), yl 7rcxpcrrlpnortou Schadewaldt e(vat onpdvrrxr l , xa0c,rq npopa),) .er r l oqgtooic. : -q;apotpaiaE rcpoodyTlons fiou oalp(\erat orov ouv8uaolto xd.t" rnv u.atp,"qeva),),ay4 avap.eoa orlv ava(4qo1, oa11 ouvavr4o4 xul. aov rel,.z.oyuptop632. L' aut6 to rc),a[oto xuptqpyei ro uTlcrrvrxrt"xo iro.Lxvidr pretaEutrlg taXdrlrcrq, prcrg evaydrvuaq oppng orlv dpxn xd.L VLa.< d.xt"v\oi.cr.;a p y 6 t e p a . H A v D p o p d x n r c p b s r e t y o E i n e t y o p d v 4 a E t x a v E t i p a r . -vopdvp i t xuTa (Z 388-389) . O 'Ex topo(g pe t r i oerpd roo drc€oourodrpq,ro S t . . .1 t iTv a|dy 66dv a6rry EUxrqtdvaE xat 'd,yumq (Z 390-391). AIId xo.l 'co un6).orrco q.n6or.aopa ppi0eu nap6porov cxvapoptbv (Z

392-394): e6re ruAaE'fuave 6rcpy6pevog pd,ya d,oru I Lxawg, q cip' €pr-AAe lrc(ipevat nedbv 6t, I Ev?' ciAopg rcoA66upoE ivavrfu fiA1e 1eouoa.M6),r6 or E6o o6(uyor ouvavt40o6v xal Bpe0o6v zcp6oolno pre np6oo7ro, Ix[vr1or1 orap,ana xd.L o roqrfig r1q IAd\dS Vo.S n],r1pogo pei yw .cnv xd.-tayoyl t4g Av8popdxng Q 395-398). O t6nog d,n1oouro lrou Xpylortro-now(scrt Trcr rov 'Extopa (Z 390) 0a exovo'),r1g0ei pe prcr e).agpd napa),-trayrl oro X 460 (66oouto), xata),apBdvovtaq triv [Dra axpuporq 0eor1

29. C. Segal, Dionysiac Poetics and Euripides' Bacchae, Princeton, N.J., Princeton UniversirvP r e s s , 1 9 9 7 , o . 7 8 .

30. 'S7. Schadewaldt (prgp. O. I. Kaxp,6iS), 'Anb rbv x6opo xai rd {pyo ro5 'Op4pou,

A0r iva, MIET, 1989, oo.23-24.

3 1. Schadewaldt , 6.n. , a. 24.

32. Schadewaldt, 6.n., oo.22-25. To i6to pipa (oeue) lpqor,pronoreirarxal oro Z I33 ywtrlv en[0eo1 7!ou rrpo.T1o:colrofu1oe o Auxodpyog evavriov tou Arov6oou xc(r tr,lv parvaDcovT O U .

AvdpopdXrl prarvop6v4: to Erovuoto:x6 orotye[o oulv D,mda 2tl

orov ot. a).).d pre 6rago petx6 cxut4 t4 gopd ano8dxtn: rnv AvEpopdxn33.Autri 11 40e),4prdv4 eppov{ tou q.nooxaopcrrog oto Odpa :l1q xivqolq Trouoova?rcTercrr pe tr1 ),eltoupyia tou Epapatrxo6 Xc,lpou orov opt('vrrca(ova oyeri\erar pe ro potipo rng 6Aeuo4S, a11e \rcvuomxilE ercryd,vewE.LrK Baxyes 'cou Euprni64, to dpyo apxi(er pe rnv anpoo86xlrrl eropo),r1rou 0eo6: i j x a AbE na1g tfivde @4patav y06va I AdvuooE Q-2). H6).euo4 autn ouvrlOcog ulcoTpcrpp[(etar xr;.t an6 t4v alo0non Frcrq rco(-pouolag, rqq xar' evrircrcv zcapouolag (ouprp6].ou tou 6rovuoraxo6 npooar-neiou) tou 0eo6 pnpoora orous avOponoug. H Av8popriy1 ivavrfuT i7A0e9douoa xat avrilv t4 ouvdvrnon :rp6oorco pre np6oolrco ercr0upe[ vcr tovi-oer n lfud,da pre c8radreprl 6prgao4, xa0cig orouq aprdocog ezc6pevou q od-

Xou6 npoB&),),erdr n etx6va t46 ouvdvrlong (Z 399: f) oi trcerc' iivt4oe. Z405: &TXt rcapbraro) xol tou ga[veoOcrr (Z 404: iddv ig nai6a)3a. H8rovuoraxi1 peraqopa e(var 6pc,lq napodoa xo'l o'cov xd,)eco a{ova. Lroezcero6Dro rou Auxodpyou, o Ar6vuoog Bp(oxel xanag|yro orrlv ayxa).rdtriq @dtuDa6, 6tav poutder orl 0d).aooa yrcr vcr o<o0ei (Z l36a: 66oe0'aAdg xard, x6pa). It4 ouvdvrlol 'Extopa

xar AvDpopdxnq, 4 o6(uyoq-cou rpcoct8(rr1 4pc,tcr Trporcpu. va pu0rotef oto lc,lpta no'po- va (4oer, Xcopigrov sycrTr4pdvo qg o6(u.p (Z 411: y1ova 66pevat). H Xp4on rou iErouplpcrrtxo6 t6nou otcr 66o axoonaopcrrcr oovwro- prcr Tv<,rot4 Erovuotaxfiperagopd: o 0e6g ouvEderat 16oo pe ro u8dtrvo 6oo xo.u lre ro 106vroototle[o. H xatd8uol or4 Od].aoocr o' €yu. Erovuoraxd r],a[or,o oupBo].i(ertr1 petdBqsno'cLS pi\eS trlg 6napEng. H pu0o).oyr,xfiro.po.8oo4 Trou orrl-pi(er prua tdtolcr epplveio- eivu.t n),o6ora. H triprv4 A€pv4, 6zrou o l-lepodagpiXvet to odrpa rou vexpo6 Ar,ov6oou, Oec.:peiro.c an6 toug vt6zrr,ouq eioo-Doq tou AErlls. I6pgrova pe rov Ar,68opo36, nou npoogdper pr,cr pu0o).oyr,x4napa).) .ay4 rng rcrop(ag rou Auxodplou, os tpogoi rou Ar,ov6ooundgtouv otrl 0d).4 ood. '(Lo. va oco0o6v, evdr o i6r,og o Bo6tag nela(vet rc€-grovraq oe r'nyo.8r. fvcootfi e(vat enbqg xo'.L n wrop(a rrov

'AAiay, TG)v

yuvar,xc.lv nou 6o),ogovr10r1xav u.1r6 tov flepo€o.. Lro rr),aforo trlg te].e-toupyrxrl5 cvcrncrpaotao4q tou 0avdrou roug oto u1p6 orotye(o, o A16-vuoog afueug pu0i(etaL o'co vep61t. E(d),),ou, 6nco6 oaot& napatrlpe[ 4

33. Segal, Dionysiac Poetics... , o.n., o. 48.34. fr.a tr1 8tovuotaxl d).euor1, ro .xcrr' evo.rrrrov" xcrt tn onl,noia rov 6pd,v xat :.ou ga[-

veo9at, pI.J.-P. Vernant - P. Vidal-Naquet (ptgp, 'Aptd8vl Ta::crl), M60oE xai rpaya\ta oriyvdpyaia'EAAd6a, t. B', A8rlvo,, Zayap6noutrog, L99I, oo. 283-322.

35. flauoaviag,2.37.5. Btr. en[or1g Loxpdrrl rbv Apyeio, Jacoby, 310, s.n.2, I-lo],u8e6xr14.861, a,pyafu o16trra ornv'AAelav\pa roo Aux6rppovog, ot.2l1 x.e., o.pAaia oX6),ra otr;vItuada,E 319.

36. BI. AtoDcirpou, kFA.,5.50.37. [lan:oaviag, 2.20.4 xat 22.1, xat apyaic o16],ta oulv lfudda, Z 130 (Erbse).

2 t 2 Xp4otog K. Tocryyd).46

L,apaxr1, "ou p6vot xo).upp4txoi aloveg nou Tvopi(oupe ornv E),),ri6a

yfvovtav npog tlp{v tou Atovdoou orlv [Dta neproxl rng ],ipvr1g Adpv4g,

xovra orlv Eppu,6v4 t4g Aplo),iEaq. H ),6[A x6Auppog o4pcrivel t6oo trlv

xo).6pB1o4 6oo xcrt rlv xatdEuon, xol o vduatxoq oyfvo.g orlv Eppl6vq

e(Xe teOei or'o rTiv Trpooro.ois. roo peAavaryiSog Atovdoou, 0eo6 vuxte-

pcvori pe Xdpcrxrnprorrxa onoy06vrct,38. H €xgpaol y06va 66pevat (Z

411) t4g Av8popctx4q arcotetrei pr.a euXri 0avdtou. Taut6Xpova 6p<,rq ey-

Tpage-car oro rtraioro tc'rv Elovuotaxdrv avagopriv rl'ig ouTxexpuprdvrlq

ox4v4g, xa0ciq n petagoptxi xard,\uon or\ y4 eivau yvootrl an6 t4 ).4-

rpeia tou Alovdoou a).).d xo.l'cn; nto oxerrxt'lg p' aut6v 9eaq, rnq Anpn-

rQdg,6noq porpl(ou1te an6 r1v ctpTrayyi rnq K6png. Lra Afivata, o Lt6-

vuooq Oecopeitar, unoX06vr,oq 0e6g xd.L iro'pd),).4).i(etat pe rov l-l).o6torva3e,

evco orrlv xprltcxrl napdDoorl epgavi(erdt t,rq ytoq rou A,ia xol :-1g

I-lepoecp6vnq xdt avilxer. orov xanoo x6opoa0.

3. To 04patx6 orocyeto

Agod Eei[crpe tqv 6nap(4 Elovuoraxciv ototXeiarv o-co erceLo66to'Extopo -

AvDpopriplq xa0o S xo'l t4 o1€o4 roug lre ro enero66to Aroprl8q - f),46-

xou, 0a aolo).10o6pe pe ptct zclOav{ epprrlveia rtov 7lpodvagep0dvrov ou-

o1etro1,rcov. Iuyxexprp6va, Ocr enrler,prgooupe va 6r,al,euxdvoul"te tr1 oXdorl

tou (e6youg 'Extopc - Av8poptixng pe to 04Baix6 orotyeio xo.u p6oco

cxuto6 pe rov Ac6vuoo.

To ezceso66to 'Extopa - AvEpoptiXrlg neprtraptp&vec orotyeia pe 0r1paix6

Xpopa fiou crgopodv t6oo rouq Tcporctyovmtgrou efietooEiou ('Extopag,

Av8pop<iXq, Aotuuvolxro.q) doo xat Eeutepedouoeq cvcrgop€q rtoo por,a-

(ouv ave(4y4teS i, toutrdXtotov, 8uoepprlveuteq, prcr xd.L evgavi(ovtat,

6ncog 0a gave[, exr6q rou crpxrxod ntraro[ou oto orcoio etvat tt0crv6v va

avrlxav.

3.1. Ot fcp@raT@vordg

H AvDpopdXn cpipet 6vopa fiou rcrtpw\u oe Apa(6vaar. Eivat aut4 nou

38. BI. M. Aapdxrl,'O At'vuooE xai fi 1ed ffi, Aof1va, Zayap6noo\oq,1997, o- 49.

39. BL 'Hpdx),. B15 D-K: 'Audg 6n'Ai64E xai AdvuooE, Steat paivovtat xai A4vai.(rxt-

oLv.

40. BI. Aap&x1, 6.n., o.78 xo;t or1p. 58-60. Btr. eniolg HoioEog, "Epyo xai 4p!pat, 126,

6rrou or. vexpoi qq Xpuorlg enol{q ovopd(owar. rAouro66tat,6ntr,q xat o At6vuooq.

41. H Xpnol ev66 ov6prarog nou exgpa\et eX0plxrl Dr,d0eo4 evavriov ttov avEpc'rv Eev

avilxet antapo:ir4ta oe x&.nota Apta(6va (npB. xal Atrd(av8po6). To 6vopa "'AvEpoPaXn" 8ev

6r1trcivet anapdyxtrrrc rlv apa(ovrxfl xarayolp], yl' aut6 xcrt ttportl,tco tov opo "tarpra(et"(oe Apra(6va), 611 .6r1trovero (tr1v apa(ovtx{ xatalolyrl). To 6vopa aut6 6prtoq, oe ouvDua-

op6 pe 6tra ta orotAe(a xou avag€povrar ot4 ouvdXew (oAe:'rxa Xcopia :'r.1c, IAndaS' etxovo-

Av8poprriXq pcrr,vopdvrl: to 6uovuotax6 orotAeio otrlv lfur*8a 213

pcxyerat evctvriov rcov crv8pdry xq.t o.ruqyei plrptdpxm€q avrt).r1{erq, 6naq

dtrtrorote go.iverat xo't an6 ro yeTov6q 6t 4 pt4tdpa anq (Z 425) BaoiAeueot4 Ecocop6vl l-ltrdxo. Mdtrtota, oe eLxovoTpcrgtx€g rapaoraoetq roo

6oD q.t. anretxov(\eran VdU pe &).).eg apa\6veq va totretrrq. rov Hpaxtrr1,

cr),),d xd.L vs. xpara €vq, ax6vrlo Trcr vcr ?rpooraneioet tov Aotuo-voxra

pera t4v ntcSol rng Tpoiaqaz. Or, rco).epu€q :..r1q txav6rlreg xal yvcooerg

6ev elvaL dyvcooteq ornv D.u*6a. Lto Z 43I-439 eTrt8elxv6et rrg yvcooerq

r4g oxerua pe rov rc6l,epo oupr,Bou),e6ovtag rov'Extopa va torcoOeriloet

rov orpatd oro pdpoq tr.':v terXov 6rcou undpler, o epr,ve6g, I cryptoooxta,

6zcou dXouv enrreOei or xatrdrepot ax6 roug AXalo6q o'co 1rd.pe),06v. H Av-

SpopriX4 zrapouord\erat enio1q vcr gpovr(\et ra d).oya tou 'Extopa (@

L87-L89), evdr o Aiaq ),6er (P 207-208\ nr,.lg n Av8poprdXrl 6ev 0a ndpet

rcori, azc6 tov 'Exropa

ra \axoootd 6n),cr tou Ap,).}tea (6 rot oii u pay4g

Ex voor4oavrL I 66€eut'Avdpopayrl il,utd, refyea ll4),eicovog). Eivat 4p6q x6pyl tou Heticova avdpeoq. oe egra a8dLgca, ototXeio rcou evtoX6et

Tov (crpoevrx6o yapaxrilpcr rlg oe avt[Oeon pe tov "0r1trux6", yw xapo'

6er,1pla, A6l,cova, zcou eivar, o p6voq yro6 av&peocr oe 5 aDetrg€go'. H ava-

gopti otrl prpdpc( rnq locog Eev yivetar, pr.6vo - 6ncog eiXe uzcoot4pi(er o I.

@. KaxplEnsto - Trcr vcr oupTr),r1p<o0ei 11 oxd).a rtov crTctnriprdvalv npooti:-

Trov xcrr' avatroyia tou p60ou tou Me),ed1pou, a),).<i xol \Lo'. va Bpe0ei 4AvDpopdXrl evteLc,lg pt6v4, ttote va lrTropei o

'Extopdg vcr evoapxcbvet 1u'

aut4v rov zcar€pd, rl p4tdpa xd.L ao'. cr8d).gra tr1g, 6r1).a8l1 t4v ano).e-

oleroq. ouoy€veta r4q cr},},d xo.L an vda ou(uYr,xil u1q eodcras. Oot6oo,

aut4 rl dvcrgopti otrl prltdpa, fiou cr?tn1e( prltpuapytx€q avtr,tr4tfert'6,

ga(verat va 6Xer npoocrppooOel orlv rtrra6rxrl 0ecoprlorl tou x6oplou Eilcog

va dXouv evtetrcig crTEootc,lTrq0e[ ol avagopdq oe ptct xotvtovia nou Bp[oxe-

.lpagtx€,q r,apo.oto.oelq), ewol6er vop[(r,1, o4pcrvtrx<i t1v un60eoq nep[ apa(ovr,xr1g xa'cd-

yt'lytg trig AvEpop&Xr1g.42. B)\. D. von Borhmer, Amazons in Greek Art,O\gop61, Clarendon Press, 1957, o. 6 xol

e rx . 1 , 3 , 8 , l l , o . 8 xd t e r , x . 25 ,o .48xan e tx . 106 , oo . 51 -51 xo ; le l x . L29-146 ,o .57 xanem.

179 yw ta petrav6propga dyTela. fr,a tcr epu0p6popga, pI. o. 131 xat etx. J, o. 132 xal eLx.

8-9, o. 16l xar, eux.4,o. L62r(o:LeLx.12. BI . etr ioqgtaapya(a oX6trra b (BCE3E4)Toto f

189, nou avagdpouv to 6vopa tqg Av8popo;aqq o,vo4,reod. oe ti),),eg apa(6veq. Ogei)'o autllv

rlv ncrpc(7ropnr1 orov P. Wathelet, Dictionnaire des Troyens de I'lliade, r. l-2 [Documenta et

Instrumenra, Univers i t€ de Lidge, Bib l iothtque de la Facul td de Phi losophie et Let t res] , L idge

1 9 8 8 , o . 1 2 1 4 .43. BI . rWathelet , o.r t . , o.282.

44. BI. I. @. Kaxpt}ilq, Homeric Researches, Lund 1949, oo. 49-64.

45. BI. C. C. Tsagalis,The Improuised Latnents in the Il iad(6c6.6ratp.), Ithaca, N.Y.,

Cornel l Univers i ty , 1998, oo. 18 1-200.

46. S. Pomeroy, nAndromache: un example mdconnu de matriarcat", REG 88 (1975) 16-19'

214 Xp{otog K. Toayyri},4q

ad.L exa6g rou e),),r1vrxo6 ouot4pro.'co1 a\uhva7. O Odvatog rlg p4tdpaqcrvrr,oror,Xei 6polg 16oo ot4 0avdrool trlq AaoE o,pelrl.q azr6 trlv Apteprloanv rotopia tou Be).).epog6vt4 Q 205) 6oo peBa("aq xat otr1 0avdroorltrlg Aprd6ung 6orepa azc6 evto),11 tou Arovdoou (^ 32L-325)48.Itov opn-po Eev uzcdpXer, eE{Vnon yr,' autrlv tr1 6paorr1pr,6r4ta tqg Aptep4q o6te'(Lcr.'co avr(srottro Tuvarxeio no,po,nrtopa fiou s7u,o6per trlv opTrl l;1q leo.g.O Jeanmaire €yet Eei[er 6!rrg 6tr o Ar6vuoog pa\et trlv Aptepl vcr oxo-thoec rly crycrrclpdvn tou trerrouplilvras c>g unoX06vrog 0e6g, €rot tbotevcr rl g€pet ornv neprofi tou Elxod tou e).d1gou4e. Ltr1 ouvdxera r4v oEn-ye[ otrlv arro06<,lo11 ovepo,\ovro.q r4v orov oupav6. Mrltdpa xar epc,tprdvrla).),d(ouv p6).ou6 xo'.L d.rcote).o6v ovotq.ortxa ,.prcx ofvrpoqo 6uu4,opt6),oy4 tov D6o 0ear,vcov trlq E).eu oivag, tcov ozro[cov (o Ar6vuooq) eivaue;rcfionq "epaori1g" xd.L "yrog"rrso. Anote),ei apaye tula[o "1eyov66 6tr 4eoptrl r4q'Hpai6oE,6nou eopro.\erar 11 dvoEog rng Lep6trr1q rou tautl-

\erat pe rnv K6pl, ),apBdver Xcopa ot4 Bor,coriosr;H Av6poprdXn ).or,n6v pe rnv apa(ovr,xrl rng g6oyl, rn ouyxexatrupprdvrl

a).).d ).av0dvouoa ax6pn xcrr orrlv lfud,6a, o^tred\erar pe rov Apn, xa0o-rg

47. BI . 'Wathelet ,

o.n. , o.282.48. H J. H. Block (The Early Amazons. Modern and Ancient Perspectiues on a Persistent Myth,

Le iden - New York - Ko ln , B r i l l , 1995 , oo .310-311) n ro re6er 6 r t 11 Aprepr l oxo t r , : ve t t1Aao6riper,c ytcx vcr exDtxrl0ei rrlv e(6w<,rol 'rcov Apa(6vcov azr6 tov Betrtrepog6w1, Av 6prcogouppa[ver aut6, r6te ytat[ 1 Aptepl oxorcover (ave(r1yrya) .r1 prrlrdpa rl( apa(6vaq Av-6poprctX4q; H e(4p1o4 nou npoteiver l Block crgrlver avaaawlto aut6 ro epcorqpta. Ito td-),og t4g toropiag tou Be),trepog6vt1 undpXouv orotTeia zrou evroX6ouv rlv ano{,lf pag. O€vac, ar6 toug 66o ytoug tou Be),).epog6w1, o

' loav8po6, oxotcovet at an6 roug lotr6y.oug

xctr rov Apn'I Aptep4 rrou oxottirvet rI Aao6ripela Xcrpaxtrlp[\erat an6 to err[0eto Xpuoi-vtoq (Z 205), nou oto opnptx6 €noq anoDiDerar p6vo orov Aprl (B).. xar, Block, 6.n., o. Jll,or1p. 58). Aplg xar Aprepq 6Xouv oupntrlpol,tanxotc, p6),oug. Av pritrrota npooe;10e[ n crvc-orotyi"a avapeoa oto Z 190 xar oro Z 413 Ucdvtaq ydp xatircegvev dphposv BeA)epog6-vrnE xcl ravtaE yd.p xa#regve rco6dpx4g Siog A74AAe6E) Dtanr,otovetan 6t xann wropiatou Betrtrepog6wr1 og 6v0etq crgflfnol oro enew66ro Ar,oprl164 - ftra6xou napouow\er crvt-ototateq pe rylv dv8etl rotopia tou Het[rovd. oao enelo66lo

'Extopcr - Av6popria1g oro Z.'Onog

o Be).),epog6ur1q e(otr60peuoe 6troug roug e;10pori6 tou (xar tq Apa(6veg), €rot xan oAXr,),),dag e(o),60peuoe 6).11 t1v otxoydveta qg apc(6vcrg AvDpoprri1lq. Me nap6poro rp6no,6nog o6lyloe orov 6),e0po trlv x6pr1 tou Betr),epog6vt1, dtol 0a ef,ovtcloer xcu, ryi prrltdpar4g AvEpoptiXng. Atrtroore, o xatritrolog auto,rv nou ox6rooe o Bel).epog6vtr1g Oupri(erdvtovcr tov xatdtrolo aurarv ztou ox6tooe o AXttrLddq orlv ivOet1 wropia tov Z (414-428).'E1er

unootlpr,X0ei (BI. M. Alden, Homer Beside Himself: Para-Narratiues in the ll iad,O(g6pDr1, Oxford University Press, 2000, o. 135, o41t. 37 [re rl oxecx4 Br,B],roypag(.a) or or6nog'A)fiiov (Z 201) iotr,q anr1yei ro p{pra dAdto (Z 201) ornv roropla rou Betr).epop6vt1.Mrlnog xar orlv dvOetq wropia tou Auxo6pyou, tr[yo rapo,ndvo, ouppaivel xant o-vttototyoavapeoa orouq t6noug Atavhooto (Z 132) xatNuo4iov (Z 133);

49. H. Jeanmaire, Dionysus. Histoire du culte de Bacchus,Ilapior 1951, o. 225.

50. BI . Aap&x1, 6.2t . , o. 318.5 1 . O . n . , o . 3 1 9 .

Av8pop<iX4 prar,vopdv4: to 6rovuotax6 ororye[o ot4v hnda 215

or Apa(6veg e[val oL d.(d.lrylpdveq rou Oeori tou zro],dpous2. H I-lev0eoltreua,Trou or4v Afinni\a €pyero.u xat o;vri1 an6 u7 @p&xr1 ytcr vcr Borl0rloel rouq

Tp6eq, e[vat xopn tou. O Apng anr6 rov ytitto rou lre trlv Agpo8it4

u.rcoxrrl.. p(.a xopr1, rr?V Appovia, zcou 0a zcavtpeuOe[ tov Kd8po, tov pu0ux6r8putli trlg porcortxi1q @npoq. H Av8poptdXl xano- ouvdrcera por,d(er vaouv8detal Eld tou 0eo6 Apn pr tq @riBa trlq Bor<,r:*o,q.

H 04paixfi xanuyuy{ tou 'Exropa o:rlpi\e:'o.L oe D6o erDov ntrrlpogo-

pieq: aot€g nou oxer(\ovrat pe ro 0dpa rlg lrercrgopds trov ootriv rou

xrl..L aLS ev8oitrr,a8rxdq avatroyleq rou pe tov 0e6 tou no],dpou, roy Apn.

O npotog ?rou np6rerve t4 04Baixr1 npo6).euon tou 'Extopa

rltav o

Duemmler53. H Oe<,:p[a aod1 uTroornpiX0rlxe pe nelopo ar6 no].].o69,

no),ep4O4xe 6prco6 pe p€voq an6 d).).ouq54' oot6oo, dnoq 8uotuXt^lq €yet

oupBel oulvd ocg oprlplxdq onouE€q, rl enrornpovrxll 6rapotyr1 ertmevtpci-

04xe repwo6repo orlv xptrtxil t4g pe066ou xdOe eppnveurrx4q oXo),4qxar ).ry6tepo orov nuprlva trlg np6to.ons nou autrl unootrlpu(e. Aev e(.vo.u

11 otrypll vd Trcrpouoraoto6v Ere(o8r,xa ot ano,ltetq 6),c,lv torv pel,etqtcov,

cr).).d 0a pnopo6oape va ouvotf looupe rlv xevrprx4 r,D6a triq Oeorpi'aq nep(

ev6g'Exropcr npoepX6pevou un6 uy @npo org e[r1q: n],r1Oog apXa[cov xarpu(avtrvov nr1.1,rv (Aplot66npog o @qpaiog55, Aux6ggoV56, €va enrco.grc

eniypappo- an6 rov [IdrcAo ^cou tf.reu6o-Apr,ototdtr4s7, fl].o6tapXog58 xat

T\er\qqse) opr,),e[ yra rn perdgopd tcov ootcov tou 'Extopa

anr6 t4v Tpo[a

orn porcotrx4 @npcr, rcpoxer,pdvou vcr crvrr,perorcto0e[ ptcr zravo6x],a(T(6t(q6), dva6 n6),eproq (Aux6gparv) 'i7 xo,rorc yevcx6repn oup.gopd (Apt-

ot66ripog). To x6pr,o epcoqpa ztou x),[vel tr1 ou(flrnol un6p trig potartx'i1q

52. Ou Apa(6veq Xapaxtrlp[(ovtar, o:*p lfu&,6a ag d,vtnvetpd,t (f 189). I6pgcovcr pe rlv

Block (o.n., o. 221) q popgn tou enr0dtou pnopei va xa0opiotnxe an6 tov t6no dvtfidon

7!ou aTrcrvra tpeq or(Xouq npoc6tepa (f 186). Eivar dpaye anot6treopa o6pntoolq 6tt xrl.t

ro 6vopa trlg AvDpopro:a4q napouor<i(er pla 6nont1 avtlotolXict pre dva Xctpclxrlpr,otx6 yto-

rov 'Excopa ilra6rx6 Eni0ero (dvdpogdvoro); Iro Q 723-724, pdtrrotcr, or, D6o tr6(erg crndXouv

p6).rg dvav ot. ('Avdpop&Xn - "Extopoq dvdporp6voro). B).. eniong nro; rlal to 6vopta llev-

Aeoi A e L d, ayaLxarontpi\et (etupotroylxd a).trd xat lArpma tog Ttpog to 6e6tepo ouv0etrx6)

auto rou 'Ay

). A d a.

53. F. Duemmler, nEin ursprungl ich thebanischer Heroso, nap&pt lpa oto: F. Studnicza

(ex6.) , Kyrene,Aer{ . r ia 1890, oo. 194-205 ( :Kle ineSchr i f ten, l l , Aer, t f icr 1901, oo.240-243).

B).. pe 6),11 rr'1v npoyevdoteprl prp),r,oypagta, M. Sakellariou, La Migration grecque en Ionie

[Publications du Centre d'Etudes d'Asie Mineure], A0{va, IFA, 1958, o. 193, o11.r. 6.

54. B). . , pe 6) .4 r lv Ttpoyevdotepr i prB).r ,o1pcrg[4, Sakel lar iou,6 '7t . , o.194, o lp. l . fsa to

0dpcr aur6, B),. enioq6 Wathelet, 6.n., oo.1326-1328, pe np6o0etr1 ptB)'roypaqia.

55 . FGH,383 F 7 ( Jacoby ) .

5 6.'AAe$ivdpa, | 189-1213.

57 .46 , E . D ieh l , I I , o . 176 .

5 8 . I X , 1 8 . 5 .

59. Ey. e iE Aux1qpova,1194 (E. Scheer, Bepotr ivo 1881-1908).

2t6 Xprloto6 K. Toayy&),r1g

npodtreuolg rou 'Exropa e[var to ax6],ou0o: yrati or @rlpaioq av o'Exro-

pcxq 6ev npoepX6rav urc6 rlv 7!epro1r1 touq xar Dev iryav rortx6q yipcocrg

t16 @4pag, 0a evEragdpovrcrv vd perdgdpouv ra oora roo an6 trlv Tpolaotr1 @r1pa60; Mra enrnp6o0etrl n),rlpogopia d.gopa t4v 6nap(4 otrl Xioev6g lotopr,xod zrpoodrrcou pe ro 6vopa'Extop, tr1v nep[o6o zrou ro vrioievtd104xe o'co xow6 tov Iovc,lv6l. H 6paot4pt6rrpa auto6 tou'Extopa,tdtaptou azr6yovou rou Apgix).oo, oyeri\erdr pe tov n6),epo (evdvaiov

tov Apdvrov xcn rc'lv xaro(xov tr16 Kapio(g TEou eiXav e\xd'cd.ota0e[ otrlX(o"62. O

'Extopag, ago6 ef,6vtcooe pdpoq rcov crvrrzctilcov tou, avda(xd.oe

roug uzc6trotzroug vct eyxatal,eftl.rouv to v4o[. It4 ouvdyew €xave t4 X(op6),og rou xotvo6 'ccov ldrvcov. Or u7loorrlptxr€q o.o::1q rng dno{qg0ecopo6v 6rv o'Exropaqfirav o,pytxa €vaq d),),rivag rtproq rcou xorcay6tavanr6 rl1@tipo xo.l rct,oq ro roropm6 np6ocoro'Extt,lp orl X[o, tov 6o aufi.X., 4tav €vac, anotxoq porcotrx{g npod}.euoyl6, un60eor1 fiou evrol6etarxcrt an6 ro Teyovoq o'cL to porcottx6 orotAeb eiye roXup4 zcapouoid. o-covriol, 6nol6 azco8elxv6erq.t cxn6 t4v ntrr1Ocipa rr,rv roTrovup[ov por,otr,xrlg

npod).euo4q, a).).d xal pruOotroyr,xodg 6eopo6g avapeoa oroug 66o t6-7rouq,6nolg aut6v tou Opfcova63.

60. Me to epdrr4pa aur6 Divetar 1 evt6noorl 6tr enrlepeiral 1 e(a.1<^ry4 evdg ouprne-pdopatog Ex tou anote),doparog (ener6fi:.a oora rou'Extopa pretcr<pdp01xdv orl porolrrxl

@1po, o'Exropaq {tav 0rlBaix'i1qxatoyrayrlq). H pretagopa tov ootrov ri}.}.ov rlpu-rtov, 6narqtou @r1oda otrlv A04va xat rou Opdotrl otrl Inaptrl, 6ev ouvrotcx avatroy[a. O Sakellariou(6.r., o. 195) oaors. napannpei: nTh6s6e 6tait une figure attique; Oreste appartenait au Pelo-

ponn0se, et les Lac€d6moniens s 'ef forgaient de se prdsenter eux-m€mes comme les cont inuateursdu r6gime ach6en. L 'H€ctor hom6rique 6tai t un pr ince dtranger ) Thibes. Par quel le sorte de ra i -sonnement les Th6bains auraient- i ls 6t6 amends i demander, au moment d 'un danger, la protec-

tion d'un hdros lointain, auquel rien ne les aurait l i6s dans le pass6?,.'Eva ncrpepgeees epu:rr1paOcx pnopo6oe vcr e[vat: "frar( ot Parprcrior va ev8ugtpov:.o.t yrcr rov rpoa6itrl Arve[a, av 6ev

lltav Popta(oq;n. fe ep6trlpa nep( rou Arvefct 6ev euotcr0e(.Sua 66o ],6youq: zrpcltov, n pt' l-

paixrl napddoori npoozra0e[ va anoxrilosr. ro pu0o].oyr,x6 pd0og trlq etrl4vrxrlg, -lv orcoiaxct avrctyovi(etar,. H npoondOeta oorxetozroilorlg" tou Atveia eivat troloteyvtx6 ege6pqpa

xar 6ev otrlpi(etar oe wrop.xa EeEoprdva, 6n<og ouppa[ver otrlv nepintt^ro4 tr16 ptetagopaq

ttov oorcov tou 'Extopa.

Ae6tepov, Dev unt'1p1e xo-nota eX0prxfl ncrpd8oorl avdpeoa oroug

Popa(oug xcrr orou6 Tpdreg, 6noq ouv6Barve petaf6 tov E),),{vov xcrt rcov Tpriov. Awi0eta,

unrjpXe oo.qng c\/rcryovropr6g avdpreoa oe Porpta[oug xat'Etr],1veq' [.tE rlv ometonolr1o1 rou

tpoxxo6 (e10prxo6 Trpoq roug 'E),).r1veg)

nape),06vto6, or Palpaiot arcoxto6oav o6 d0voq dva

pu0o),oyrx6 (uotoprx6, 6narg ro dBtrenav or iErol) Bri0oq avtlotorlo 7rpo6 ro e].trr1vrxri. Or @r1-paior 6ptcoq ritav

'E),).4veg xar, xana oov€nercr, I otxetorco(.qol cr?r' cruto6g rlq xaraytoylq

tou 'Exrop d\ Tou xare(oyfiv oupp6Aou rou rpotxoi (xat eX0puo6 rcpos rov d,A4vtx6) 4paL'

o 1toti, crnotEtrEi ncrpri6of,o.61. BI. Sakellariou, 6.r., o. 195, xol yra prB).r,oypagia rl oltt. 2 orrp (6ra oe).iDa. H a1>

Xa[a ntrrlpogopfu rpoipyerat crrr6 tov totopcx6 'lt:va,

an. l, FGH,ll l B, o. 278 : flauoa-

v(.aq, 7.4.9.62. B)* Sakel lar iou, 6.n. , o. 192.

63 . B I . Sake l l a r iou , 6 .n . , oo . l88 x .e .

AvbpoprdX4 parvopdvrl: to Erovuotax6 orotyelo or4v lAmda 217

Or, ev6oi).raEr,x6g orvolqop€g oaov 'Exropa rov ouoxeti(ouv pe rov Apn.

Ta e:rcilercx xopu1adAog (xau 6yt xopu)abAoE o|ltgt,>vcx pe trlv dxDoorl

rou West), d,vdpocp6vorc, \BptltoE Xprlotpozcoto6vtat xol \fd. tov 0e6 tou

notrdptou. Ito E 590-595 pa\i. pe rrlv Evu6 n4'laivouv rltr).ote ptrpoora

xar d),).ote n[oco tou. To peyd],o qx6vtrc tou Aprl 0upi(er exioqc, ro ax6-

vrro rou 'Exropa (H 244, @ 494,X 289)64. O xatdtroTog rc,lv peacr(6 toug

o(vrrororxrcov 0a pnopo6oe vq. ercexta0ei' coot6oo, To orotxeto exe(vo noo

paq evDragepeL nepwo6repo eivar, ficoq o Apng oyed\erat pre rn @ripa trlq

Borcot(aq, o,cpo6, 6roq dloupre avag€per, 4 x6pr1 roo an6 tov ldpro rou pe

tqv AgpoDit4 Appovia rcavtpe6'cnxe tov KdDpo, rov pu0rx6 r6put4 trlg

@npog. froq tou Aprl rltav dvag Epdxovtag nou ox6raoe o KdEpo S xd.L

€onetpe ta E6vtr,c'rou ory1 Tyl, anr'6noo npor1trOav ouZrcq,proi, ot Yevvl-pdvor rl;n6 rn y4 notrepwr€q nou atr).4),ooxotri0rixav6s. H ),atpeia tou

Aprl, rcou eivar yvolot6q rl8n arc6 tq ttvax[Eeg rng ypapprxrlg B, rltav

e).dXr,o'ta 6ra8e6opdv4 otrlv E),).dDa rnv e7loxli tou Opt{pou. To pdpog

exeivo 6ptq oto onoto ).atpeu6rav inov n @npa trlg Bor,olrio"g. Tdtroq,

iocoq xcl;L'crr. ov6ptata tou 'Exto pd. xo..L tou Ap4 va dXouv xotr.oto. oX6o4. To

av0porncovdpro e-ko-to ("Extcop) xol ro napdycol6 rou e-ko-to-r i - jo

(€xt6perog) anavtodv otr i ypapprxr l B (PY Eb 913.1, En 74.7,8o 276.6,

En74.17 ,Eo 247.2 ,Ep 212.3 ,705.8) . l lpogavr ig E4) .6vouv c ru t6v nou

vtxar rlou xupte6er, ri Trpoorctrete(6. To 6vopcx tou Aprl eivat xana nuoa

zcr0av6tr1ao.. d.lrcr.pxarolprdvrl popgn ev6q ouolaor'"xod rcou o4ptaiver tov

n6).epo67 ) xol iocog n I6En €xtup va rltav pta erixtrIon tou rcoLdptou,

6narg dXel unoot4pi[et o Wathelet6s.

O Aotudvdx-cd.q eival rotvrore nap6v dpeoa \ ep.peoa otq ox4v€q

6nou epgavi(ercrr rl Av8popriXrl. Ito Z 402-403 pa0a[voupe 6rr Eta0dtet

6rn).6 6vopa. O',Extopo(q rov ovop,&(er lxapdvDpro, Divovtdg tou to 6vo-

pra ev6g zcotapod, ev<.,.1 or urc6),ornot Tpcoeg rov arcoxa).odv Aotudvo.x'cd..

H Xp4o4 tou ov6pcl. 'cor' ev6g rcotapo6 ytcr rov ptrxp6 Aotudvaxad, aoo

[Erou totapto6 nou Ocr ouYxpou ore(" pe tov AXr].],da oto @ xar, e[vcrr, 1ogtou Aia, q6pvet orlv ercupavetd 'crl oyi.o4 tou Atov6oou pe ro u8dtrvo

64. BI. enio1q lA. E 703-710, 6nou 'Extopag xal Aprlg no).epo6v pta(i. Av<ipeoa oe a)'-

).ouq oxotcovouv rov Opdopro 69 p' iv'n{)y1 vaieoxe p€ya rtrottoto pep4A6E, I )tpvn xexAtpi-

v o q K 4 g n 6 r r a p d d o i & ) , ) o t I v a t o v B o t u t o i p d A a r c ( o v a 6 f i p o v

t X o v r e g ( E 7 0 8 - 7 1 0 ) .

65. W. Burkert (prqp. J. Raffan), Greek Religion, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University

Press , 1985 , oo . 169-170 .

66. P. Chantraine, Dictionnaire 1tymologique de la langue grecque,llapiot 1968-1980, )..

"Exrap.

67. Burkert,6.7t., o. 169, oryp.l-2 pe Blp),r'o1paqi.a.68.

'Watheler ,6.n. , o. 504.

218 Xp4otog K. Toayld),4g

o'coLxe(.o. Apxel va 0up40o6pe rov At6vuoov Ttpvatov q fupvoyevfi, xoo rae^pye^icr ox6).ra oto I 485 t4g lfuddag rov ovolid(ouv 6fi, xat B€pa. :' r4vxatd8uoil roo ot4 Od).aood. o^cov p60o tou Auxo6pyou6e. Enmp6o0eta, oAr6vuoog dxer, tperg 8ragopetrxd6 r1),r,x teq, eivat zcal8i, dptigoq xol y€pog7}.

or OlBaix€q ovo,gop€g eivqt epgavetq 6xr, p6vo ora rp(a npdoorca trlqoxqvrlg aod6 a),),d xo.l oe 6).o to Z, 16oo orov p60o tou Auxoopyoo (Z130-140) 6oo xo,t ornv r,otopia rou Be).).epog6vtr17l. O MurrayT2 dXer d),-).orore uroorlpi\et 6u o p60oq tou Auxo6pyou, Trou rlo(paD[Eerar, xrl:t o;n6r1v Ehparcia (anr. 1 1, Bernabd) tou Euptrl),ou , oyeri\ercrr, pe to d).).o €noqrou i6rou nor,rltri, ra Kopw1wxd,,6nou paOa[voupe Tro( tov l(ougo xcrr rovf).a6xo, npoy6vouq rou Be).),epog6vt4, xol xo.ra ouvdrcesa eivat nr,0av66rt o E6p.r1),og un4p[e n rcly{ t4q r,},raEmi1q napri8oorlq yrcr ro ercerodErof),a6xou - Aropri8rl.

4. Aeurepe6ouoeE avagopdg

4.1. N6pgat dpeorwdeE'orav

11 AvDpoproxn o.vo..g€pero.t otrl 0avdroon rov r.an€po( rnq arc6 rovAxr),),da rcpoo06ter rnv ntr4pocpo pfu 6u o o'tro;dg zro).eprot-i6 oeBaornxeto ocbpa rou vexpo6 xo.t rov evrd,giaoe. OAoyupa, ot vtiltges Tov Bouvov,ot x6peE rou AdE rou gtpvet rnv xatatyi\aT3 g6re(tav greAEE. H ava-qopa aur4 npoxaLei e6).oyeg arropbq: r"oLeq eivat aor€q or v6pgeg rcovBouvcirv; N6pgeg ouvavtdpe xdl orrlv o66ooew (v 356: vtpgat v4ladeE, p240: vipgdt xpnvatat), ot or'o'r,q ex{oqq xd.pdx-cnpi(ovtau aq xo\pat A69.O ).oy6tunoq xottpat Arr.E aiydxorc o,.i"o.vra ornv O66ooeta (( 105, xrl.L Lr54\, a),).d n gpo.on vtpqat 6peoud,6eg xprortla.i.ouercq.c p6vo oro ourxe-xprp6vo an6orq.ovdTo.H nporlyo6pev4 ovo.gopa oto rep6 Nuorpov, to

69. BI . Aapr ixq, 6.n. ,oo. 48-60.70. BI. 6.n., oo. 170-179. fta pra nr,0av{ ouoldrtorl rou Aotudvorx'c,a pe xanorc nar6i-

0e6 q rlpoa-r,6put{, 9}. wathelet, 6.n., o. 1246, 6noo xat oyerxil BlB}.rolpagia (xupioq p.

Roussel, nAsryanax,, nEC n t19191 482-4gg).7I. f w trg 0rlpaixdq avapoptq orlv dvOet1 rotop[a rou Be].].epog6vtq, B].. Alden, 6.n.,

o o . I 3 l - 1 4 2 .

72. G. Murray, Tbe Rise of the Greek Epic, O\p6p8ri 41934, oo. L76 x.e.73. ft' auulv rlv epplvelcr tou ent06tou aiyt6Toto, BI. M. L.

'West, Hesiod: Works and

Days, O\gopD4, Clarendon Press, L978, oo. 366-368.74. O Kirk (6.n., o. 215) zrapatnpe( 6rt ortg 610eg rou lxaptlvDpou ppioxovtcrr, gte),rdq

xrll (oag dXouv ndvOrpo yo,porxri1pa. Eival a(roorlpeicoro dtu Lxaprciv8prog ovop&(ercl.t oro Z402 o Aotta:vo.xrac, anr6 rov nan,lpa rou, rov 'Exropa.

Or v6prgeq, 6r,ioq op\a uzrootrlpi(er oKirk, npoo8iEouv x6poq otov Het(t,lva (BI. xar to 47). f ta v6pge6 rov pouvcirv orylv rpcrycl-Dia oe oyi.otl pe rov At6vuoo, pI. Eup. KtxAuttt,4:NipgaE ilpetaq ExAucrlv ciyou tporpoitE,xcl 68-69: o66' iv N6oq per& Nupqd,v (axXov {axyov [...]. Enio4g ,'Ixtrt6eg, 393: tv' r]xu06atvdpgat. Log.

'Awry6v4, II27-1128 [...] afia Kaptxmt, I vhpgat oriyouot BaxX(6eq. Trlv ep-

Av6poprdX4 prarvoprdv4: to 6rovuotax6 orotye[o ot4v Ifuada 219

pouv6 qg @pdxrlq 6noo o Ar6vuooq xcll ot po:yrr,q tou 6dX0nxov r4v erci-0eo4 tou Auxodplou, apdocog gdpver, oro Trpoox4vr,o pra zcrOavyt eEnylon.floca 6prg 11 oXdorl tou Hetit,lvcr pe 6tro aut6 to pu0o),oyrx6 un6Ba0po;

fra va aravt4Oei ann6 to epoltqpo,, rcptner vcr npooDr,opr,o0o6v rpfuDlagopetrxd pu0o).oyrxd vliprata nou gafveao'L vo.. dlouv af,ronor49ei xo't

lrercrlrgre o0 e( anr6 t4v rtrra8 m'i1 nap o,6oo4zs'(cr) H raut6r4cd, rou Herfuva; o Heticov eivaL yrog rou L,(.a xo.t rng H-

).dxtpaq, xopns tou At),avrcr, n onoia xanotxoioe orrl Lapo0p<ixr1. Tad).).a E6o rcar8l,r:- an6 autdv tov ydpo iryol o A<ipEavo6, pu0r,x66 r8putrlg

t4g Tpoio'.q, xo..L 11 Appovicr,, rcou rcavtpe6tnxe rov Kd8po, tov pu0lx6 rEpu-rn rnq @npog. Ener8ri o Heticov ouveup60lxe pe tr1 Arlprltpcr, apoprl0rlxeax6 rov A[4, rcou rov ox6rcooe pe rov xepduv6 tou76. Mra nap6porc roro-pia pa0a[voupe xo.t an6 t4v Odrjooetd, (e L25 x.e.), 6zrou o Iaolov ept,r-,:e6era,t t4 A4p4t ps. xo.L o Aiaq rov rrpopei oxotcovovrdq rov pe 'cov xe-pauv6 tou. H 4or,6Eera @eoyovia (969-974) rono0etei pd).r,orcr rov pr60o

aut6v orlv Kpn.n xd.L lrd.pouord(er tov ll).o6rcovcr cog xcrprc6 tn1 dv<oorigtorv D6o epaorcirv. Ap6ocog pera oro xeipevo 116 @eoyovias (975-978) -

xcl iorog aor6 vcr efvar E4],oltrx6 r4q ouvdgeLo.g tov 66o napa8doeov -

oro vou tou Hor66ou 6pXe'cd.L o yritrog tou Kd6pou pe trlv Appovia, zrou

ptrlveuaxll ypcrppri rou Kirk axotrou0e[, dv xol 6ev ro 6r1],arver erya&, 11 J. Larson (Greek

Nymphs: Myth, Cult, Lore, O(<p6pD1, Oxford Universiry Press, 2001, o.23), 11 ono[cr 6r,epo>ratcl crv o Hetiov eiXe o6 aor,ritlq apwroxpanqqx&now o6v8eol pe ptcr v6ppn 1av €Xou-pe vd xdvoupe pe oupperol{ tou guor,xo6 x6opou otov Opl1vo yr,c( rov Het[arva. H tE],eu-

caia autrl neplntoorl 0a pnopo6oe vct ouoleto0ei pe t1v etx6vcr nou 6Xoupe yra tov 0d,-

varo rou AXr).),da oro r,r :..r1q O66ooewg, 6nors undpXer pta 1evlxr1 xlvrltonoi4ol Tou guocxo6

x6opou otov 0privo Trcr rov o:yano tipro. H rDdcr tr1g Larson napouor,d(er, 6prrog €va paomo

np6p).r1pra: yrati va ouoXetto0ei o 0dvcrrog rou dorlpou Heciarva pe cut6v tou Aptrtr6a;

Atrtrorote, e[var, ef,arpe:'l';xo- 66oxotro vcr fipcrypcrtonorllooupe 6va repaotro dtrptc ytcr vcl ou-

yxpivoupre prta prxp4 avaqopa too Z ulc,IAndaq pe to dtol xar a).trr.tog npop).r1patrx6 o r1g

O66ooenE M4ncoq ),oln6v rp6xe;'at Trc( U.r,c( Elovuotaxll avagopa; H Larson (6.r., oo. 4-5)

avagtpet llarg or N6prpeg oAed\ovrar pe ro u8dtrvo otolXe(o, tov Ar6vuoo xcrt rlv Aptepri.

Lto ax6ondopd roo Z (28) n Aprepl oxottivet q prltdpa t4q Av6popdX\q, evdr 11 @dtq,

nou uno8dXerar, or1v ayxatrlri rylg rov xuvrly4pdvo an6 tov Auxo6pyo At6vuoo (Z 130-140),

e[var pua Nqpr1i6a, ro 0a].dooro crvtiorol1o rn6 pouv(or,crg N6pqlS. Btr. xcn T. H. Carpenter(Dionysian Imagery in Archaic Greek Art: its Deuelopment in Black-Figure Vase Painting, 01-

g6pEl, Oxford Univers i ty Press, 1986,oo.76-77), o onoioq napatr lpei 6t t o ' 6va ar t tx6

pe).av6popgo cryyeio (o.ppcgloprtvo an6 rov Ktrertict, Trou crvcrzlaplot&vel tov ydpro tou flrl-'

).da pe tr1 @dtr8cr, o Ar6vuoog ouvo6e6ecar an6 li l lvoiqxol N6pgeg.

75. f w to puOo),oym6 xol 0p4oxerotroyrx6 utrrx6 Trou Xpylotponorc(tat otrq ax6),ou0eg

rpeq Trcrpcrr lpy loer( oolp i (opal orou6 Wathelet , 6.n. , oo.565-569, xat Burkert ,6.n. , oo-

28t -285.76. BI. Fragmenta Hesiodea, ed. R. Merkelbach & M. L. West, Oxonii, Clarendon Press,

1967, luvarxdtv KardAoyoE, sive Tloiat, o.n. 177. B),. enio4q E).trrivtxo, 4 F 23 (f acoby) xarIDopev6cr, 547 F I flacoby) ora oX6trla otov Anotr),ovr,o tov P6Eto 1,916-918a. Oge()'o trgrcu.pd.lrolrrrtq ao&4 orov Wathelet, 6.n., o. 566.

220 Xprlotog K. Toayydtr4g

o6pgcova pe d).).r1 napd8ool elvcrt n x6pn tou Ap4 xo'.L anq Agpo8it4g. Toxorv6 orotae(o avapeoa orous p60oug tov tpr,cbv (euyaprcbv eiyau n Lepo-yapia (y,ipog 0vrpo6 pre a0dvato) xa0riS xo'L 11 0eix4 napdpBaonTT.

(9) Or Kd,peqot: H npodtreuorl tou p60ou rou Hetiolvoq ga(verar" vaoyeri\erar lre roug KaBeipoug, rl Arlpvo xo.L'co.. puotrlpra t46 Lapo0p,i,-

x7jg. O 'Hgo.rcroq, Fe rou onoiou ro 6vopa unlipXe rc6),4 ot4 Arlpvo, oxe-

d\ero.t pe rov Ar6vuoo, Trou rov Boq0&er vcr ercrorpdtfeu o'cov 'O).upzro pre-

ra arc6 to at614pd tou78. O ouoXetuop6q rrig H).dxrpo(g pe rn lapo0pd-xl, Tov Hetfcoya Aaofc.lva, napan€pfier oroug vt6nrou6 0eo6g, toug Ka-peipoug, zcou elvar X06vr,eq 0e6rrye6 oXetl(6peveg pe ryl yovrp6rnra, rov

n).o6to xdl 'cnv xd'cepldsia tov perd),),ov. H ouyydvera ro,tg pe ryj

Arlpritpa, Tov Ar6vuoo xcxr rov 'Flqo.wro eivo..u Trpopcrvn g7e. Lrrp IAm6a, o

Hetic.rv eivat n),o6orog (l *6pl tou AvEpop&XI Xd.pd.xrnpi(etar, noA6-

6apoE oro Z 394 xat oto X 88) xau Baor).e6er ornv Ynon).dxra @r1Ba,orlv neproX4 rrlg TpcodDogto. f lpdner, princog vcx Oecoprlooupe an).r1 o6p-

Trroon rc<,lg n n6).4 tnq @npcrq orl Borcotia ncrpouora\et eriolq pLcr

ntro6ora napd8oon orl ).atpeia tcov Kapeipov; It4 porottx4 @r1pa €yetppe0ei KaBeQrcv) xo'.L 4 tratpeia rlq Alpnrpcrg Kaperpaio.q eivat p.e aoqa-

),era peparopdvrl, evto avaOrlpata arc6 ro rep6 npoopi(ovtat yrcr €vav Ka-ppov rcou crfierxovi\erat uq o ayiveng Abvuoog nou ox6Ber yrcr vcx rcrel8r.

(y)'AyAAeiE: Lr1v l).raDux4 napa).).ayyl rou pu0ou o Het[<,.lv oxotorve-

rat an6 tov AXr),tr€a. fvopi(oupe pepaitoq ou o A1u).),eaq ouv8detau pe

tov A[cx 6rd t4g pr4tdpag rou @etrEaq xar ^rg, 6ncoq ouppaivet orylv ne-

pintoo4 rou Aoteponcriou, evepyei xo-no:'e avti tou 0eo682. Mua ev8ra-

gdpouoa un60eo483 0a rjtav ),orn6v 6t q lfuada €yet avrtxanaoriloet rov

Aia pre tov AXr,).).da oto erceto6Dro aut6, Trpooo(ppo\ovraq tov rca),4u6

p60o otrq ocvo.,yxeq tqq ntroxrlq tou dnouq, 4 onofa 06],er tov AXr].],64 vcr

xupre6er Ecdgopeg n6).erg y6po an6 :'.r1v Tpolc, VLc;. xo.l Eev 0G xupte6oet

xor€ triv iEua t4v Tpoia, a).).d xcll vd. gdpver, tov 0dvaro o' 6).4 trlv otxo-

77. 'Wathelet ,

6.n. , o. 568.78 . Burke r t ,6 .n . , o .28 l ,6nou xa r o t T l c rpc rT ropndg o toug A) , xc r [o , a r .349 (Lobe l and

Page) xar Aro16).o, o.n. 45 (Mette). Btr. en(or1g xar J. E. Harrison (Prolegomena to the Study of

Greek Religion, Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 1991 [r1908), o. 652), 11 ono[a

ovo.<p€peran oe 0pcr6opa pe),av6poppou alyeiou Trou Trcrptoravet tov At6vuoo (pre xdv0apo)

ag Ka ptpo (enr,ypagrl) yeverog6po.

79. 'Wathelet ,

6.n. , o. 566.80. O.n. , oo. 568-569.81. Burkert ,6.rc. , o.28\ , l rou r ta.pardpnel orr lv erx6va 48.1 an6 t r lv wrop(a rn; ae-

yairrg etrtr1vrx{g Oprloxeicrg tou Nilsson (M. P.Nilsson, Geschichte der griechischen Religion,l,

M6vaxo 31967).

82. BI . 'Wathelet ,

o.n. , o. 568.83 . B I . 6 .n ' o . 569 .

AvEpop&Xq palvopdvrl: to 6lovuotax6 orotye[o otrlv lfua\a 221

16ver,a t4q AvEpopr&Xr16: orov xan€,pa, ta aEd).gLd. xd.L tov [6ro tov dvtpa

116, rov 'Extopa.'Ioaq ),orn6v Eev 0a ipav aorotro vcr epprlve6ooupte rIV crvagopa o:.rq

opeotadeg vfpgeg 6rd tou ouvDuaopo6 tt'rv tpuov autd.lv pu0o).o1rx6v

vrlpdrc.rv, p.€oa oto zc),aio'o r4g napdEoovlg rcou oyed\eran pe tov He-

t[o-:va xar rnv neproX4 'cnq xo.ao-yt,rTl6 rou, xar va evra\oupe rriv o(tvt-

yp.atxil autrl avagopa p€oa oto n).61pcr rov 8tovuolaxc,rv uzcarvryprclv

nou ugdpnouv a),),d tcrut6lpova ouvdxouv 6tro to ezcero6Dro r7'lg ouvd-

vrnoTiq 'Exropa

xcrr, AvEpoFdxrlg, xa0drg n Atptntpcr, pE t4v ono[G ouveu-

pdO4xe o Hetlt,lv, Oeorpeitol pa\i lre rov Al6vuoo pto- ax6 trq xdprcg 0e6-

rnreg t4g potcorl"x'fiq @tpogto.

4.2. @tp4 utJttrcuAoE

H npor11o6pev4 rcp6raoq evraooercrr orov yevrx6tepo ouo'Xettopt6 ava-

peod otrl porc.rtrx4 @4p d. xd.L tr1 @4pa rng nepi,oxrlg rng TpodDagss.

Etrlv IAd,6a (Z 397 xqr. X 479), n @npa t4g Tpo<iDcrg ovopd(etat

YnonAaxi4 xo; eivat ptcr an6 trq n6),erg ?rou xupieuoe o AXr).).ddg ory'lv

eup6tep4 neploXri. H lfud,da XplotpoTrotei tov iDro ).oy6rurco (reQea @4-

FnE\ 16oo yrcr rn @npo t4q Bor,cotiaq (A 378\ 6oo xo.t yro( rrl @4pa trlq

TpcodEag (B 691). To eni0eto fepbE XpnorpoTcorcirat 16oo Ttct rlv Yrco-

rc\trx(a @rt9o ( 366) 6oo xo't ytcr ra teiX4 t4g Bororlllxi6 @n9o< (A 378).Enrnp6o0etcx, oro Z 416 q YnonLaxia @ifia Xd.pdxanpi\erat |QbciloE,

erri0eto Trou Xplocponorc[to.L xol yto( rnv i6la trlv Tpo[a fl 698 - Q 544).

4 .3 . 'Epwe6g

H ayproooxw cvagdperar ouvo).rxd 4 gopeq orIV lfud,da (Z 431, L 166-

168, O 37 xol X 145) xcl.L d.rco'ce),ei pra rotcoYpcrglxn per<,lvupra yto- rov

xiv8uvo rcou Dratpdlouv or Tp6e6. Ito L L66-168 o Ayapdpvcov xataDr,c.r-

xer aouq eX0porlg xcxt fiepvciwaq rov rago tou 'l),ou xcrr rlv alptoouxrd

xateu06vero(t npo6 rlv Tpoia. I-lpo4youpdvcoq, 6nolg d1er, 6ei(et 4 Thorn-

ton86, o notrltrlq eXeL dvtelva anoo6pec rov 'Extopa an6 vl pdXn (A 163)'

VLs. xc.L 4 ayproovxta oyed\erar, f,eXopr,ora xan pe autdv. Ito Q 37, o

Auxdorv, noo e{ye ar,Xpa},oltr,o0e[ an6 rov AXr].],da Dlntra orov eprve6 t4

otrlpll nou 6xope xtraEr,d xo;t ebtre nou).r1Oei co6 ox),<ipog orlv 'lpppo, 0a

Bper, tov Odvato. Kal B€BaLd., o'co X 145, o AXr,trtrdaq xata8r,coxovtaq tov'Exropa y6pco ort6 ra teiX4 t4g Tpoiag 0a r"epo,oet pnpootd ar6 rnv

84. BI. l l [v6., '1o0p.7.3.

85. BI. 'Wathelet,

6.n., oo. 48-53.86. A. Thornton, Homer's lliad: its Composition and the Motif of Supplication [Hypo-

mnemata, 81], Gott ingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht,1984,oo. 152-153-

222 Xp4otog K. Toayyd),r16

crTproouxta' oro o4peio aut6 11 lfud,da 0a avagep0ei otr,6 E6o nlydg -

an6 14 pra p€er, \eoro xo't anr6 trlv dtr).4 xp6o vep6 - dvd.eopti nou Devrcuotedco rcaq xp€rler va ex),490e( rorg perprpoig, ytani 4 r,),ua8rxi1 rono-ypaq(.u Eev un6xeL'co'L oe Tetoypagwoiq a).),d oe rlorrlruxo6q xoLv6veg'an6 trlv t iII4 peprd, or D6o rcn,eq qg A40r1S xo;L t4g Mv4poo6vrig otopcrvte[o tou Tpogcoviou Atdg ot4 Borortia anote].o6v prcr e],xuotrxfi ava-).o1icr ([-lauo., 9.39.9). Lro Z 431, q AvDpoprixn crvcrg€peto,c orov eprve6xcl rov[\er nto6 ou AXaroi yvop[(ouv 6u aut6g ppbxerar oro rcro ao0evdgo4peio rtov rerxolv r4g Tpo[oc6. llpoo0dter, p<t],r,ota 6t eite xu.nolog pd-vrlq nr,0avcig vcr rouq d8cooe auuiv t4v n),4pogopia el:.,e 6t roug 7!crpo-rpdver 4 xapEr,d rouq va ezcrteOodv o' aut6 to orlpeio rtov ter,ldrv (Z 438-439).fratl 6prg va rou6 6E<Doe t4v n].4pogop("a xo.rocoq pdvt4g; frari0a dnpene xaxotog Trou yvcopl(er trq Bou],dg rcDV Oecov va [dpet 6tr o epr-ve6g oyed\eran pe dva ao0ev€q oripteio trov terXcivl llora e{vol4 E4}.crDri, q0prioxeutLxnn 0eo).oyrx4 o4paoia auto6 tou Ddvtpou;

O eprve66, yl dTptoouxta, eivar dva Edvtpo Trou oyed\eran pe tr1 ).a-rpeia tou Acov6oou. O 0e6g ovopa(6tav ZuxirnE h Zuxe&,r4E (A04v., 3.78,xar Ho6X., tr.), ev<i-l ga),).oi grwyvovrcrv an6 [6],o ooxtaq xdr ovopa\ovruv@uavtdeg (Ho6X., ),., xar Ktrnp. A).e(., I lporpenr., o.30 P). Idpgova petov

'W. F. Otto, n[o] gouoxrop.dvog xupn6q pe rn Xupo64, oe Xpclpa x6x-

xtvo rou a\mnoq, oapxa €npene cxv6xcr0ev vcr 7lpoxcrtrr1 ox6{,reL< dvd.qo-puxcr pe rn puornprcrxn -cnq oqpaofu xol €rot e[var reprcr6 va. dva.ge-poupe xar, d).).eg e).).1vrxdq praptu pieg"tt.

4.4. H xatayayfi rou 1eoi

To E 325 (n 6t Aui:vuoov Zep€A4 rdxe, Xqppa Bpotoiotv) atroretrei an),orgpaptup[a Tro( ro 6t q IAmSa p<,rpi(er, tov pr60o rrig ydvvy]o4g tou Arov6-ooo arc6 tr1 lepd),4, 11 ono[a oye:*(ercrr pe .c4 @r1Ba (xa0riq e[var - pa(i pet4v Iv6, qv Aya6I, rlv Autov6rl xd.L -cov llo).6Eopo - nar,E[ tou KdDprou,puOrxod r8putrl tng @nP d.q, xo'.L qg Appovi.aq, t4q x6p4q 7!ou nporl),Oean6 rov Tdpo tou Ap4 pe rnv Agpo8it4). H ppaye(a antrfi avagopdt 6ev0a prag araoXol,fioet reproo6tepo xol (oaq 0a €rcperce vo( pnv eiye xo-vpvnpoveuOei, av Eev napooo(.a\e eva ypfiorpo ororxeto yw to urc6 ou(r1t4-

or1 0dpa. Ka06g o Aiaq anapr0pe[ cq na].r€q ego:*x€g oy€oerq rou, 0eorpe[

ox6r4ro vo( pvlpove6oer xd.L 'cou1 xo,pr'oiq rtov ouveupdoedrv rou pe rtq

xancr xo,poiq epc,lpdveq tou. 'Etor,

o6pcpcovd lre rnv r'clyto. irpd.x'cmfi :*1q

ava).oy(cxg r<ov xata).6yc,.1v, paOaivoutrre xd.L \(Ld. tov Ar6vuoo, Tov xd.piro

87. !f. F. Otto (p.qp. @. Aounaoo*n;),Dionysus, Mythus und Kultus, A0r'1va, Ex66oergrou Erxooto6 I-lpc,-rtou, L991, oo. 155-156.

Av8poptiX4 palvopdvq: to 6rovuotax6 orotyefo or4v lfudda 223

rou €pord tou pe rn lep6trr1. H avagopdr 6ptcog autrl orov Ar6vuoo yivetaroe ouv8uaop6 pe rlv avagopa rou A[a orov Hpaxtrr1, Tov yro rov arc6qv A).xprlv4 (E 323: otd' 6re rcep ZepdA4E o66'

'AAxp4v4E Evi @48fl' rc

xow6 o4peio otrg D6o aor€q epcorr,xdg oy€oer.q:.oo rcan€pa 0ecirv xo..L ov-0pconcov efvau 4 n6].r1 qg @l1Bag.

4.5. H eoprfi raw 'Ayprcve(av

H oxr1v4 trig eniOeolg tou Auxo6p.lou 6nog trlv axo6pe orlv lLtdda (Z

130-140) oye:r\ercrr pe rlv eopr4 t<,lv 'Ayprcve(av oaov OpXopevo ^cnq

Borcot[ag. I6prg<.ovcr pe rrg ctpxcrleqnqy€q88, or x6peq tou Mr,v6o,, l\eoxtn-nr1, Apo(rcn xo.L Atrxr06r1, o-neiyav an6 rooq Erovuolaxoiq Xopodg, npo-oBti),),ovro.g €rot rov Ar,6vuoo. Exelvog r6re "etrwx€q04xe" tt6 Mr,vudEegtrlv cipa nou 6garycrv orov apya).er6' g6),),a xrcoot xat aptr€lou epga-

viotrlxav ndvc'r ora o|vepld toug, g[6r,a Byrlxav p€oa ax6 rq. xatrdOtaToug xd.L o-cd\(6veq xpcroro6 xal yd).axao1 apytoov va ora\ouv azr6 trivopogil rou Eorptot(oo. T6re ol xon€l,eq tp&B4[av xtrr1po, xcl.L d].a1e otrlAeuxircrn vcr ?rpcrypcxrozrorrloer tov ef,euprevrop6 tou 0eo6. Auq Ouoiaoeorov Ar6vuoo xcrr pe t4 po40ercr rt''rv aDe).96v q6 ErapdLroe rov yr,o rlg'lnxc,oo xo'l xd.'ceu06v0r1xe otcr Bouv a po'\i pe rq d),).eg par,vd8eg. Lt4veopt{ rav'Aypnveiav ot4 Borcod"a, o rcp€o4 rou Ar,ov6oou xuvlyder trgyuva[xeg tr16 n6tret,rg, rlou dvcrTrcrptotodv tr6 Mr,vud8e6, xo..L oxo'ccover

6:rotcr n€oet ora A€ptcr rou. O Burkert8e ouvEder rov p60o tou Auxo6pyoupe rlv te),er4 ruv'Ayprcveiav, urcoorrlpl(ovtcxq 6tr o Auxo6pyoS nouotcx-

olrxa xan€aet q 0do4 tou repda tou Atov6oou>. Mdtrtotcr, xana t4 6r,dp-

xeLd. VLz.S Ouo[aq orov Ar,dvuoo xaveu qv ep<pdvtorl tou 6vaq 6von],og dv-

Epog xo(r xuvnyaet tov Aq6vuoo xd.L tr,g parvd8eg tou ot4 Od),aood.' Trepr-

otp6ger, oto 16pr, rou 6vcr 6n),o, nou Oup[(er, trlv BounAfiya tou Auxo6pyou

oro Z 135, xol oe perdyev6otepeg napcxtr).a.ftq oxotcivet p€oa otrl pavia

Tou rcl rcarErd tou.

4.6. O va6E t4g A94vaE

O 'Exropcl.q, enLo'cpdgovtaq orrlv Tpo[c, Dev pploxet rrlv AvDpoptixn orov

va6 tqg A04vdq pa(i pe trg d),treg yuvaixeg. M{ncog I avagopa autrl

oXetf(etar pe rn tratpeia q6 Olxo,to,q xar, Iotrr4viag A0rlvdg ot4 @npo;

frati, 6r.l.i,q e(vul yvtoot6, 4 A04vd {tav notrdpr,a tov Tpdlov xdt, o e(eu-

88. Bl. At\. [Iou. lor 3.42, xat Anton. Lib. Met. 10.3 nou axotrou0Ei t4v K6prwa (665Page) xar, rov N[xav6po.

89. Burkert, 6.n., oo. 164-165. BI. enioqq tou i8rou, Homo Necans: the Antbropology ofAncient Greek Sacrificial Ritual and Myth, Berkeley, Cal., University of California Press, 1981,oo.168-179.

224 Xprlotog K. Toayyd),46

pevrop6q 'cnq oao Z oge?tercrc orlv rcpoona9ercr rcov apruvopdvov ycr o'cd.-prat4oouv rTiv entleuxi1 oppn tou Acopt48n, rcou, o8qyodpevog anr6 r4vA0r1vd, €yet rcpoxa).6oer rov 6),e0po o'cLSro.\eq roug. Ltrl @4pa, ri A0r1vd6ev eivar o6te Oed t4g axp6no),4g o6te no).rodXog. O va66 rlg Oyxaio.gA04vd6 Bp[oxetat xovra ora rei.yn, ouTxexprpdva xovra ory1v Oyxolicfldl4' xana ouvdnela , np6xercdr yr,G trlv A04v a nuAatrryej.

5.'Eva e(eAtxrw6 epp4veurm6 povr{)o

Or napanov o Tccrpcrrnpi1oeq 8eiXvouv 6rt ou avagopdq orov Aroprl8q (yra

tov ozco(o 11 i6ra ry l7d,6a g.<iq n),rlpogope[ 6u avi1xer oroug Enrydvouqrcou xupfeuocrv tq @ripa), to ezreco66ro tou Arov6ooD xcrr 4 npod).euoy'l rylgAv8poprd6nq xo'.L tou

'Exropa ugcrlvouv 6vov eot,rreprx6 ognyn [rd.rLxo

tor6, rcou pcr6 Bo40der, vcr npore[voupe 6va e(etrtxrux6 povtdtro epprlve(aqtou t).raErxo6 parvaEropro6, xaOcoq e[paote oe 0do4 vo'. d.lrdva4ooupe otoeport4pa ywn(. ol pacvaDm€q xo;t xan' entx'ccr.on ol Drovuowx€q avagopdgornv lAtada oyed\ovrdr pe t4v Av8popdxl xol e(vat e\o.qe:*xa neprcpt-op6veg 4 [oc,l6 xar rcepr0oproTtor,lprdveg.

Ot parvaErx6g avagopdg r4g Av8poprixlg oro Z xat oto X ogei).ovtarorov tp6no pe rov ono[o 11 lfuada €1el evoopratcioer ncx],ar6tepo u].uxd6zcou ou Etovuow.xoi" unarvrTpo[ 0a ipav fipogctvetq xo.t 6nou 6tra, 11 Av-6popti14, o

'Extopd.q xo'.L to pu0otroytx6 utrr,x6 fiou roug neprpa).).er, 0a

iryav ouv8eEepdva pr.e tov Ar6vuoo xo,L tr1 @r1Ba, lre rlv onoia o 0e6q au-toq €yev, 6xuq ei6apre, 16oo orevfi oy€oq.

H lAcd,6a ),or,n6v avo.g€pe'co;L q.rroor'o..oqoaLxq. xo,t p6vov orov Ar6vuoo,ywni ro puOo),o 1x6 u),rx6 7!ou oxeri\erat p' aur6v e[var 6Xr, p6vov evoqd)).ou norrlpatoq ((ocoq xd.L'cn1 Ehparcfug rou Eupri).ou) a),Id xol VLdqriII46 nap&Eoo4q, aut4g rng porotxrlg @1pag' prcrg rEcrpti8oorlq npoye-

v€otep4q anr6 ro otrrr1prx6 €roq, trlv onoia or icoveg aorDoi azcoorcono6v,ouyxa).6firouv, a).).d oe xo,pio- nepinttoo4 Eev ayvoodv.

'Evag an6 tou6 tr6you6, i"oaq o olpr.dvar,x6tepog, yrd tov orroio q lAmda

(eXcirpuoe, tEn an6 rqv apyat6rqro(, cDq xopugafa 64pr,oupyta u1c, e].trqvr-

xilq enmi1q roino4g, eivar to 6tr evocopdtG)oe, agopoicooe xo.l npooap-pooe orov Baou6 t4q p60o norxitreq napa66oeLq, r.o..pd.ndprnovto,q oe a),-

\,a enxa o.opana crvrcrytovtortxa fipoq auu1v. 'EaoLr

gt),tpripovrcrg aureg'cLS rccr.pd.66oer6 tl6 (endp d.oe, peranp€novrcrq, Trcr vcr Treproptorc,r ot4v

nepi;rcrcoorl rlq Av8popripnq, pw,v apa(6va pe pq,ryq,\m€E xat rcoAepoxd-

peiE xarapoAdg oe rcaoyouod o6(uyo xat p4rEpd,, xo'.L t4 preyri),n xo"r \a-

90. F. Vian, Les origines des Thibes. Cadmos et les Spartes, flapior, Librairie Klincksieck,1963, oo. 139-14L.

Av6popriX4 prcrrvopdvrl: to 8tovuotax6 ototye[o otqv Ifuada 225

xoooril pru0o).oyrxa @i1po t4q Bortor(aq oe ptra prxpri, o.oiyto:vtri zc6).r1 trlg

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a),).d v(.d.1 T dua6Xpova r 6 o o cvdrp e7E rcxi1, povi.

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