measurement notes ms. cannon science. american system or english system
TRANSCRIPT
Measurement Notes
Ms. CannonScience
American System or English System
What is the system of measurement in the United States?
• The United States Customary System or American system- Based on units of “_______”
• It is sometimes called “___________________”
• Base Units: Length= Foot, Volume= Gallons, Mass/Weight=Pounds
Origins of theUnited States Customary System
• In all traditional measuring systems, short distance units are based on the dimensions of the ____________________.
• The ____________ represents the width of a thumb; – In fact, in many languages, the word for "inch" is also
the word for "thumb."
• The ________ (12 inches) was originally the length of a human foot – Although it has evolved to be longer than most people's
feet.
Origins of theUnited States Customary System
• The _________ (3 feet) seems to have gotten its start in England as the name of a 3-foot measuring stick– BUT it is also understood to be the distance from
the tip of the nose to the end of the middle finger of the outstretched hand.
• Finally, if you stretch your arms out to the sides as far as possible, your total "arm span“ from one fingertip to the other is a ____________(6 feet)
Origins of theUnited States Customary System
• The basic traditional unit of weight is the ___________.
• Originated as a Roman unit and was used throughout the Roman Empire.
• The Roman pound was divided into 12 ________.
Origins of theUnited States Customary System
• Longer distances in England are traditionally measured in miles.
• The _______ is a Roman unit, originally defined to be the length of 1000 paces of a Roman legion.
• A "pace" here means two steps, right and left, or about 5 feet, so the mile is a unit of roughly 5000 feet.
What is the Metric System?• The ______________ is an system of measurement
based:– On the decimal; – On a base of ten;– On multiplying and divided by tens.
• A standard set of prefixes in ________of _____may be used to derive larger and smaller units from the _________.
• Base Units: grams (g) for ________ or mass; liter (L) for __________; meter (m) for _________.
Metric Prefixes• Prefix Abbrev.__________________________________• Tera (T) Base x 1012
• Giga (G) Base x 109
• Mega (M) Base x 106
• Kilo (k) Base x 103 • Hecto (h) Base x 102 • Deka (da) Base x 101 • Base • Deci (d) Base x 10-1 (Base ÷ 10) • Centi (c) Base x 10-2 (Base ÷ 100) • Milli (m) Base x 10-3 (Base ÷ 1,000) • Micro (µ) Base x 10-6 (Base ÷ 1,000,000) • Nano (n) Base x 10-9 (Base ÷ 1,000,000,000) • Pico (p) Base x 10-12 (Base ÷ 1,000,000,000,000)
Where did the Metric System Originate?
• In 1790, in the midst of the French Revolution, the National Assembly of France requested the French Academy of Sciences to "deduce an invariable standard for all the measures and all the weights."
• Metric system was first adopted by _________ in 1791
Metric System
• Since the 1960s the International System of Units has been the internationally recognized standard metric system.
• "Système International d'Unités" in ________, which is why we call it the “_______“ or International System of Units for measurement.
The Metric System is like a Staircase!
How do I use the Metric Staircase?
Where is the Metric System Used?• The International System of Units is the
_______system of measurement for ____nations except for Myanmar, Liberia, and the ___________.
• Although the International System of Units is universally used in _______, and increasingly in medicine, government, and many sectors of industry.
Where is the Metric System Used?
Temperature• Temperature is in the Metric System is measured in
degrees __________.
• Temperature is in the English System is measured in degrees _______________.
• ____________ (T) – The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter. Measured in degrees __________ (K).
• .
Temperature• Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.• Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.
• Water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit.• Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
Temperature• To convert from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees
Centigrade and vice versa:• (ºF – 32) x 5/9 = Degrees Celsius • (ºC x 9/5 ) + 32 = Degrees Fahrenheit
• To convert from degrees Celsius to Kelvins and vice versa:
• ºC+273 = Kelvin• Kelvins – 273 = Degrees Celsius
Volume• ___________ (____) is a measurement of how
much space something takes up.– Liquid base unit is _______, but also can be
______________for solids.
• Volume Formula for Solid Object V = length x width x height
Volume
• A doctors says, “I need 1 cc of insulin stat!”
• 1 milliliter of volume is _________to 1 centimeter cubed.
• _________= ________
Density
• __________ (____) is the mass of something (a.k.a. weight on Earth) divided by its volume.
• ρ is the Greek letter called _______.• Formula for Density
• ρ = Mass ÷ volume = m/V• Units are: grams per liter (g/L) OR grams per
meters cubed (g/m3)
Metric to English ConversionsLength
• 1 km = 0.62 Mi• 1 Mi = 1.61 km• 1 cm = 0.393 in• 1 in = 2.54 cm• 1 Mi = 5280 ft• 1 ft = 30.48 cm• 1 cm = 0.03275 ft
Metric to English Conversions
Volume
• 1 L = 0.26 gal• 1 gal = 3.85 L
Metric to English Conversions
Weight
• 1 kg = 2.2 lbs• 1 lb = 0.45 kg• 1 metric ton = 1000 kg