mdst 3703 f10 seminar 10
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Seminar 10Wikis
Introduction to the Digital Liberal ArtsMDST 3703 / 7703
Fall 2010
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Business
• Any WordPress issues?• Other issues to raise?
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Review
• Blogging and RSS– The Great Chain of Blogging– Personal broadcasting meets established news• MSM = “Mainstream Media”
• Are blogs useful to academics? – Not the same asking if blogs can/should/will
replace the the academic essay and monograph• Our concern is with effects which are still not
fully understood and evolving
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Overview
• Today we look at wikis, one of the major media genres of the web– history, form, content, function/effects
• Learn to use a simple wiki• Discuss the role of wikis within the ecology of
academic work• Discuss future directions of wikis
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What is a Wiki?
• A kind of web site invented by Ward Cunningham– The simplest database possible
• Radical Simplicity– All pages are directly editable through the web– All versions are saved– Simple syntax, e.g. CamelCase defines a link
• Now hundreds of varieties of wiki software and wiki sites
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Exercise—using PHPWiki
• Go to http://ontoligent.com/wiki• A PHPWiki site, based on the original wiki• Everyone create a page– On the front page, click on “MDST Student Pages”– Find your page – the ? means the page has not yet
been created– Start adding content ...
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Some Basic Syntax
• CamelCase (aka WikiSyntax) creates links– When you save, new links will show a question
mark– Also square brackets can be used
• Image URLs surrounded by square brackets will insert images directly– e.g. [http://somewhere.com/myimage.png]
• Lists are made with * or # prefixes• Headers are made with !, !!, or !!! prefixes
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How are wikis different than blogs?
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Wikis vs. Blogs
Personal wikis, e.g. TiddlyWiki WIKIS
BLOGS Collaborative Blogs, e.g. Daily Kos
Individual Collective
diac
hron
icsy
nchr
onic
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Other differences
• Hypertext—wikis have more links and greater link density
• Aesthetics – wikis tend to be plainer, more meat and potatoes
• Metacritical—wiki lexia tend to include comments on their own condition
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Metacritical comment
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Are wikis useful for academic work?
Both tend to be open (socially and editorially) and to oppose the culture of expertise
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Academic Wikis
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy– http://plato.stanford.edu/about.html
• Arché TWiki– http://arche-wiki.st-and.ac.uk/~ahwiki/bin/view/
Main/WebHome
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Wikipedia
• Best example of wiki logic (wiki culture)– Form: basic wiki– Content: encyclopedia knowledge (tertiary source)– Function/effect: ???
• Reviled (but secretly used)by academics, librariansand educators – Why the badrep?
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Prestige?
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“Structures of Participation”
• Media forms entail different structures of participation– Producers– Consumers– Relations between producers and consumers – Relations between producers– Relations between consumers
• Think of literature, newspapers, radio, TV– The web has spawned several new media forms
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Freebase
• Consists of Topics and Relations– Everything is a topic, all topics have IDs– Topics are linked by relationship types
• An attempt to build a knowledge base on top of Wikipedia. Why?– Meant to be machine readable– Wikipedia doesn’t have an API
• Example of what we are building when we build Wikipedia
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DBpedia
• An attempt to reverse engineer an ontology from Wikipedia
• Converts structured and extracted data from articles in Freebase-like sentences– Uses RDF
• Forms a machine readable resource for semantic web applications
• See http://dbpedia.org
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RDF vs HTML
• See http://dbpedia.org/page/Charlottesville• A sample data record extracted from
Wikipedia• Can be viewed in a semantic web browser– E.g. OpenLink, a Firefox extension
• Connects to other RDF datasets on the web– e.g. Geonames (owl:sameAs)
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Hypertext as logical network
http://mikelove.wordpress.com/2007/09/17/why-freebase-if-we-already-have-wikipedia/
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Web 3.0
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The Machine is Us(ing Us)
(Machines are participating too)
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Technology, Culture and Academia
• Both blogs and wikis represent both a set of technologies and a set of values and principles– Blogging = personal opinion– Wikis = openness (e.g. WikiLeaks)– Both compete with traditional academic values
• Two responses– Maybe academic values should change– Maybe the technologies can be “worked,” as there
is no absolute requirement that culture and technology would go together
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The Three Webs
• Web 1.0 – 1991 to 1999 – HTML, Perl• Web 2.0 – 2000 to 2010 – PHP, DHTML, AJAX• Web 3.0 – 2010 to ??? -- RDF, HTML5
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