mdst 3703 f10 seminar 12
TRANSCRIPT
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Seminar 12 Graphesis, PowerPoint, and Visual Literacy
Introduction to the Digital Liberal ArtsMDST 3703 / 7703
Fall 2010
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Business
• Most quizzes graded—definitely by studio• Apologies for the response questions …
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Review
• Timeline pops out in the category view in Carrington theme
• If you are still having problems, share your spreadsheet with me (Gmail name = ontoligent)
• If you have events, you could use one!
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Overview
• From visualization to visual literacy– To “establish a critical frame for understanding
visualization as a primary mode of knowledge production” (Drucker)
• PowerPoint as an entrée into this topic– We know PowerPoint is a problem; we want to know
why• Key Question– What do we need to know about visual media to be
effective digital scholars?
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graphesis
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graphesisvisual knowledge production; image work
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graphesisOpposite of mathesis –Science, math as universal language
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graphesisthe basis of mathesis
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Media are always embedded in culture. Science was made possible by exact copy printing, a visual language (Ivins 1953)
http://21st.century.phil-inst.hu/2002_konf/Nyiri/web_ivins.JPG
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A language of science was created in the 19th century that was linked to the rise of nation states and bureaucracy
William Playfair
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http://www.visionlearning.com/library/large_images/image_4108.png
William Playfair (1786) The Commercial and Political Atlas: Representing, by Means of Stained Copper-Plate Charts, the Progress of the Commerce, Revenues, Expenditure and Debts of England during the Whole of the Eighteenth Century.
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http://dougmccune.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/playfair_north_america_trade2.jpg
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http://www.economist.com/images/20071222/5107CR1B.jpg
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http://www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/images/priestley.gif
Joseph Priestley's life-time graph of the lifespans of famous people. One of the first graphical time lines. Joseph Priestly, A Chart of Biography, 1765.
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http://cartographia.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/minard_napoleon.png
Minard’s map
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http://cartographia.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/minard-full.jpg
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http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Minard-carte-viande-1858.png
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These images are both beautiful and effective
As digital scholars, our job is to learn how to read, review, and produce them
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The theory of graphesis teaches us that images have an epistemology, or “cognitive style”
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Why PowerPoint is Evil
• Monotony of slides homogenizes argument– “Death by PowerPoint”
• Bullet points break up and distort thoughts• Cheesy graphics
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Non-rational logic
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“The pieces became like short films”
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Technology is not neutral
“Technology has properties--affordances--that make it easier to do some activities, harder to do others: The easier ones get done, the harder ones neglected.”
“Each technology poses a mind-set, a way of thinking about it and the activities to which it is relevant..The more successful and widespread the technology, the greater its impact upon the thought patterns of those who use it, and consequently, the greater its impact upon all of society. Technology is not neutral, it dominates.”
Norman, Donald A., Things that Make Us Smart, Perseus Books, 1993, p. 243See http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0001yB
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paradoxes
• Computers are based on mathesis, or logico-mathematical thinking
• And visualization is based on computing• Ergo, mathesis precedes graphesis• But, mathesis rests on graphesis– The iconography of mathematical symbols– The products of mathesis must always be
visualized with forms that have a rhetoric
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http://oneparticularwave.files.wordpress.com/2006/11/escher.gif
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Lawrence Lessig http://presentationzen.blogs.com/presentationzen/2005/10/the_lessig_meth.html Dick Hardt http://identity20.com/media/OSCON2005/Michael Wesch http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZ_-q2sD-Co http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cd7v1tOloI&feature=related
Performative PowerPoint