mc-trx intro, hw descr.pdf

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9100 BTS B11 MC-TRX Introduction & Hardware Description Page 1

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Mobile Network9100 BTS B11 MC-TRX Introduction

& Hardware Description

STUDENT GUIDE

TMO 18366

Edition 1


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9130 BTS B11 MC-TRX Introduction & Hardware Description

Module Objectives

Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:

Describe the MC-TRX feature


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Table of Contents

Switch to notes view!Page

1 MC-TRX Description 71.1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 8

1.2 How Does It Work? 101.3 What Are the Impacts on HMI? 24


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1 MC-TRX Description


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1.1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?

Principles in B10

In B10, how many single TRMs are required to build one sector

composed of 6 TRXs in one Evolium BTS cabinet?Select t he corr ect answer.

In B10, how many TWIN TRMs are required to build one sectorcomposed of 6 TRXs in one Evolium BTS cabinet?

Select t he corr ect answer.

1 3 6

1 3 6


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1.1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? [cont.]

Principles in B11

In B11, a new generation of TRM called MC-TRX is able to carry up to

6 TRXs. Indeed, the number of MC-TRX required to build one sectorcomposed of 6 TRXs in one Evolium BTS cabinet is:

1 3 6


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1.2 How Does It Work?

Characteristics of the MC-TRX

This new generation of Multi-Carrier Transceiver

will be able to handle several carriers fromdifferent technologies and then will offer thepossibility to evolve smoothly from GSM to W-CDMA and LTE for a dedicated frequency band.

EDGEcapable

Same form factoras TWIN TRM

Dynamic powerallocation

MCPAtechnology

SDRtechnology

Cell frequency Span:

20 MHz

UP TO 6 GSMcarriers

Reduced powerconsumption

Benefits of the MC-TRX

Based on the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA) technology.

Based on the Software Designed Radio (SDR).

Same form factor as the previous TRE module.

Up to 6 GSM carriers via the single Tx path (1 power amplifier).

Possibility to implement dynamic power allocation: output power dynamically distributed over thecarriers.

Cell frequency span: 20 MHz.

Reduced power consumption compared to Evolium TRMs: example of power consumption in 900 MHzband:

single TRM: 170 W,

TWIN TRM: 216 W,

MC-TRX: 350 W.

Will be able to support two different radio technologies at the same time (e.g. GSM + W-CDMA or GSM +LTE with external baseband processing).


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1.2 How Does It Work? [cont.]

Characteristics of MCPA

The MC-TRX is based on one single Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA). The

different carriers are built at the digital stage, and then amplified through asingle MCPA.

2 types of MC-TRX modules exist according to the frequency band:

TMXA09 for GSM 900

TMXA18 for GSM 1800

01011

f1

11011

f2

SCPA TRM

f1+f2

SCPA TRM

01011

11011

MCPA TRM

f1+f2

f1+f2

Antenna coupling Digital + Modulation function Amplifier function

MC-TRX 900 MHz Multi-Carrier TRX TMXA09 3 BK28 502 AAxx

MC-TRX 1800 MHz Multi-Carrier TRX TMXA18 3 BK28 682 AAxx

TMXA Freq = Transceiver Multi-carrier X (Multiple Standards) version A Freq.

One single TX and 2 RX paths


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Performance

The MC-TRX output power depends on the number of carriers configured per

module.

MC-TRX provides flexibility for operators:

capacity: power distributed over a high number of carriers.

coverage: power focus on a low number of carriers, with higher power per carrier.

Easy implementation by SW adaptation from the OMC.

The output power can also be shared between two different radio standards.

MC-TRX GSM only performances with all carriers at full power

GSM CarriersGSMK Output

Power@ module level

GSMK Outputpower@ TOC

8-PSK Outputpower

@ module level

8-PSK Outputpower@ TOC

1

2

3

4

5

6

90W

45W

28W

21W

14W

10W

67W

33W

21W

16W

10W

7W

81W

35W

20W

13W

10W

8W

60W

26W

15W

10W

7W

6W

XEOutput Power

An MC-TRX module provides a certain amount of physical output power. Its capability to distribute the total

output power to all carriers gives operators the highest flexibility to convert the radio transmitted powerto coverage or capacity, and this is done by SW adaptation only from the OMC.TOC= Top of Cabinet


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Dynamic Power Allocation (1/2)

Because it is unlikely that all carriers of the MC-TRX will transmit with

maximum power simultaneously, the Dynamic Power Allocationconsists in allocating the unused power according to the needs toother carriers with higher traffic load.

The value of additional powers depends on the number of TREs in theMC-module.

MC-TRXOutput Power

+ 0.0 dB+ 0.0 dB1

+ 0.0 dB+ 0.0 dB2

+ 2.0 dB+ 0.5 dB3

+ 3.0 dB+ 1.0 dB4

+ 3.5 dB+ 2.0 dB5

+ 4.0 dB+ 3.0 dB6

Values of the additionalpower in case of highoverbooking/dynamic

power allocation

Values of the additionalpower in case of lowoverbooking/dynamic

power allocation

Number ofTRE

in MC-module

The dynamic power allocation is sent to the BTS by the OMC (through the BSC) at MC-module(s)

configuration time.


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Dynamic Power Allocation (2/2)

If the BTS transmission is not possible on all the TRXs of the MC

module at the required power levels for a given radio burst due tothe maximum emission power for the Power Amplifier beingexceeded, then a power reduction in the BTS shall be applied bydecreasing priority on:

The emission power of all the 8-PSK bursts shall be reduced by samereduction factor (in %), except for the 8-PSK bursts to be transmitted withthe BCCH frequency

If the first step is not sufficient then the emission power of all the GMSKpower controlled channels shall be reduced by the same form factor (in %),except for the GMSK bursts to be transmitted with the BCCH frequency.

MC-TRXOutput Power

If the two steps dont solve the situation, a last solution (as adefense solution) consists in reducing the power of all theremaining bursts by a same form factor (in %). This situation shouldnever happen in a properly configured network.

The reduction factor is calculated by the BTS and applied immediately according to an algorithm that takes

into account the number of TRXs configured on the MC-TRX.


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TRX Dynamic Power Saving

Already implemented in B10, the TRX Dynamic Power Saving

feature consists in switching off the Power Amplifier bias of a TRX assoon as several consecutive timeslots are unused in DL on this TRX.This feature allows a significant reduction of power consumption ofthe BTS.

This feature is not directly applicable to MC-TRX modules, due tothe fact that for a given TS, significant power consumption gains canonly be reached if there is no DL transmission on all the TRXs of theMC module.

MC-TRXOutput Power

TRX Dynamic Power Saving

The TRX dynamic power saving feature (with some periods of complete switch-off of the PA bias of themodule) is not directly applicable on the TRXs of MC modules, due to the specific architecture of MCmodules.

For a given TS, due to the fact that significant power consumption gains can only be reached if there is noDL transmission on all the TRXs of the MC module (on the same TS), the interest of the TRX dynamic powersaving feature within MC modules is limited.

As a consequence and to simplify, the TRX dynamic power saving feature is not directly applicableto MC modules in B11. This feature will only be supported on the Single and TWIN TRM modules.


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Benefits of the MCPA Introduction

A better power efficiency:

One Power Amplifier can handle up to 6 carriers in parallel (in a pure GSMconfiguration).

Suppression of the wideband combiner stage (at least 3 dB loss = 50% of RFpower loss per combiner stage).

This also leads to a reduction of the power consumption.

MC-TRXOutput Power

4x16w2x16w

2x16w

AN2 TWINANMC-TRX

GSM

GSM

GSM

4x16W = 64Wat ToC

4x45W = 180Wat module output

4x16W = 64Wat ToC

4x21W = 84Wat module output

Power Consumption Efficiency Comparison of MC-TRX vs. TWIN TRX

The conventional approach via a single carrier power amplifier needs 4x45W = 180W of RF output power onthe module side to provide 4 GSM carriers in one sector. Due to the loss in the necessary widebandcombiner, the output at Top of Cabinet (ToC) is 4x16W = 64W of RF power in this sector.

To reach the same result, an MC-TRX needs 4x21W = 84W of RF output power on the module side. Becausethere is no combining needed, the desired RF output power of 4x16W=64W is also reached at Top ofCabinet.


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Software Designed Radio (SDR)

SDR is a concept developed by the Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent R&D.

The same Hardware module can support different technologies thanksto software reconfiguration from the OMC, without any site visit.

3G

Today

Next step

Multistandard Multimode

Nextstep

Nextstep

SmoothEvolution

2G

LTE

2G+

3G

2G

LTE+

Thanks to SDR, the module is able to handle simultaneously several carriers from different technologies and

offers the possibility to evolve smoothly from GSM to W-CDMA and LTE for a dedicated frequency band.


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Cell Frequancy Span

An MC-TRX covers a limited frequency bandwidth of 20 MHz called

MCPA frequency span (which is an HW capability) among: 35 MHz in GSM 900 MHz

75 MHz in GSM 1800 MHz

This bandwidth of 20 MHz is constant in an MC-TRX and can be shiftedwithin 35 or 75 MHz.

The whole set of TRXs of the same band and of the same cell willnot use a frequency window higher than the frequency span

reported by the BTS.

The check of frequency span at the OMC is only done if the OMC knows if there is an MC-Module in a sector

mapped on the cell (and so, only after OMC/BTS HW audit). That means the cell exists and is alreadymapped to a sector. In this case, the TRX has the RSL information. The test is done at cell level even incase of cell shared, and if there is at least one MC-Module in one sector.

In B11, we support only so-called normal cell frequency span, i.e. the whole set of TRXs (of the sameband and of the same cell) use a frequency window smaller than the frequency span reported by the BTS.

The check itself is therefore quite simple:

1. For the concerned band, look for the smallest frequency and for the highest frequency.

2. Compute the difference between them and get the correspondence in MHz.

3. Compare the result with the frequency span (also called PA RF BW) received in OMC/BTS HW audit.

The BTS has to check the Bandwidth per MC-module when it receives the radio configuration: if theBandwidth is larger than the MCPA frequency span (also called PA RF BW), the BTS sends an alarm to allinvolved MC-modules.


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Updating of WRONG CONFIGURATION (TRE) BTS Alarm

Two new alarm numbers are defined for the BTS alarm [3,14]wrong

configuration (TRE):

specific Problems: WRONG-CONFIGURATION

event Type: Processing Error

probable Cause: Configuration Or Customization Error

perceived Severity: Major (PMA)

Alarm Description: The parameters are not consistent with the capacity ofthe equipment.

Alarm Number:

16: The bandwidth per MC-module is larger than the PA RF BW

17: Wrong OML/RSL multiplexing rule

The MCPA frequency span is also called PA RF BW.


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Activation of MC-TRX at OMC-R

The following features linked to MC-TRX are options and are

controlled at the OMC-R level:

MC-Module.

The OMC counts the number of TREs mapped on MC-Modules. If thisnumber is greater than n, PRCs are blocked.

Dynamic power allocation.

Number of TREs configured on an MC-Module with the overbookingactivated.


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AGX: New Antenna XetworkDesigned for MC-TRX

AGX designed for MC-TRX or 2 TRXMP&HP:

Input for 2 TRX modules to 2antennas

Reduced module width (1/6 subrack)

DC feeding for TMA equipment usewithout PDU

Module equipped with Snap Nconnectors

Mixable with the previous AN modulesin one BTS cabinet or in one Sector

AGX Size: 1/6 Subrack

Duplexer Duplexer

Filter

Filter

Filter

Filter

Splitter

Splitter Splitter Splitter Splitter

Splitter

LNA LNA

Tx Rxn RxdTRX 1

Rxn RxdTRX 1Div

Rxd RxnTRX 2Div

Rxd Rxn TxTRX 2

Antenna A

Tx A Rx A RxDiv B

Antenna B

Tx B Rx B RxDiv A

The AGX has 4 pairs of Rx connectors, but only 2 pairs are actually used with any kind of TRE module. In

addition, the AGX has Snap-N connectors and DC feeding for TMA equipment use without PDU.


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Engineering Rules of MC-TRX

The MC-TRX module must be plugged in a 9100 BTS Evolium cabinet

equipped with a SUMA or a SUMX board. This MC-TRX module has a capacity of up to 6 TRXs in case of single

standard mode.

If there is at least one MC-TRX module in the BTS, the possible valuesfor the OML/RSL multiplexing scheme are:

No multiplexing and 64Kb/s statistical multiplexing

In one 9100 BTS Evolium cabinet:

up to 12 TRMs can be plugged whatever the type of TRM (single, TWIN or

MC) but with a maximum of 9 MC-modules. the maximum number of TRXs is 24.

TX Diversity is not possible with an MC-TRX module (only 1 Tx path).

The TRX dynamic power saving is not applied on the TRXbelonging to MC-Modules.


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Example of Cabinet Filling with MC-TRX

MBI3 with 3 sectorsin single Band

MBI3 with 3 sectorsin multi Band

MBI3 with 3 sectorswith TWIN and MC TRX

SUM

SUM

SUM

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

AN AN AN ANAN AN AN AN AN AN AN AN

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

MCTRX

1

2

1

2

1

2

FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU

FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU FANU


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1.3 What Are the Impacts on HMI?

MC-TRX Module from the BTS Terminal


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1.3 What Are the Impacts on HMI? [cont.]

Relation between the MC-TRX Module and the Functions Supportedat OMC-R Site


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1.3 What Are the Impacts on HMI? [cont.]

Display of the Capabilities of the MC-TRX at OMC-R Site

Dynamic Power Allocation

Possible value: No, low and high

TRE Mode Config

Possible value: 1 TRE, No TxDiv, up to 6 TREs, No TxDiv


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Module Summary

The Multi-Carrier Transceiver module is able to handle several carriers from differenttechnologies in one housing.

Benefits of the MC-TRX module: MCPA technology. SDRconcept. Dynamic power allocation.

Same form factor as the previous TRM.

The MC-TRX is an option and is controlled at OMC-R level.

A new Antenna Network AGX for filling the cabinet with MC-TRX.

New engineering rules for the MC-TRX implementation: The MC-TRX must be plugged in one Evolium BTS equipped with a SUMA or SUMX board.

The MC-TRX has a capacity of up to 6 TRXs in GSM configuration. 9 MC-TRX modules maximum in one cabinet.

The RSL multiplexing scheme is authorized in a BTS equipped with at least one MC-TRX: noMultiplexing or 64 Kb/s statistical multiplexing.

TX Diversity is not possible (only 1 Tx). Covering of a bandwidth of 20 MHz which can be shifted within 35 or 75 MHz (Cell Frequency Span).


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Section @@SECTION Module @@MODULE Page 28



Exercises

What does the MC-TRX feature allow?

To by-pass the combiner between the TRE and the antenna

To carry up to 6 GSM carriers simultaneously on 2 cabinets collocated

To carry up to 6 GSM carriers simultaneously on one board

The TX diversity for 6 carriers simultaneously on one board


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Exercises [cont.]

To implement MC-TRX in one Evolium BTS cabinet, which of thefollowing precautions has to be taken?

A secondary Abis must be attached to the BTS

SUMA or SUMX must be inserted in the cabinet

The cabinet must be equipped with AGX only

The MC TRE must be declared with at least 2 TRXs


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Exercises [cont.]

Is the following statement true or false?

With the MC-TRX, the radio antenna coupling is not needed any more.

False

True


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Exercises [cont.]

Is the following statement true or false?

When one BTS is equipped with at least 1 MC-TRX, the RSL multiplexing

scheme authorized is either non multiplexing or 64 Kb/s statisticalmultiplexing.

False

True


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Exercises [cont.]

Is the MCPA frequency span a limited frequency bandwidth in an MC-TRX?

The value of the bandwidth is smaller in one MC-TRX 900 MHzthan in one MC-TRX1800 MHz

The value of this bandwidth is customizable from the OMC-R

The value of the bandwidth is the same whatever the frequency

band of the MC- TRX 900 or 1800 Mhz

The value of this bandwidth is customizable from the BTS terminal


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Abbreviations and Acronyms

Switch to notes view!

#2G second Generation3G third Generation3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project8-PSK 8-state Phase Shift Keying

AA BSS-MSC interfaceAbis BTS-BSC interfaceADM Add-Drop MultiplexerALMAP Alcatel-Lucent Management PlatformAMR-WB Adaptive Multi-Rate WideBandAPS Automatic Protection SwitchingAS Alarm SurveillanceAS Application ServerASL A Signaling LinkAterMUX Ater Interface sub-Multiplexed

BBSC Base Station ControllerBSS Base Station SubsystemBSSAP Base Station Subsystem ApplicationProtocolBSSUSM BSS User Services ManagerBTS Base Transceiver StationBW BandWidth

CCAPEX Capital ExpendituresCLI Command Line Interface

C-n Container nCN Core NetworkCPU Central Processing UnitCS Circuit Switching

DDAS Distributed Authorization ServerDC Direct CurrentDCN Data Communication NetworkDHCP Dynamic Host Configuration ProtocolDl DownlinkDPC Destination Point CodeDTM Dual Transfer Mode

EEDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM EvolutionEPS Equipment Protection Switching

FFM Fault ManagementFTP File Transfer Protocol

GGMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift KeyingGSM Global System for Mobile

communications

HHBA Host Bus Adapter

HDLC High-level Data Link ControlHLR Home Location RegisterHMI Human-Machine InterfaceHSL High-speed Signaling LinkHW HardWare

IIE Information ElementIMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity

IP Internet ProtocolIPMI Intelligent Platform ManagementInterfaceIPoE1 IP over E1IpoEth IP over EthernetIpoRS232 IP over RS232IPSec IP Security

IPSP IP Server Process

LLA Location AreaLAN Local Area NetworkLDAP Lightweight Directory Access ProtocolLMT Local Maintenance TerminalLNA Low Noise AmplifierLSL Low-speed Signaling LinkLTE Long-Term Evolution

MM3UA MTP3 User Adaptation

MBI Multistandard Base station IndoorMCPA Multi-Carrier Power AmplifierMFS Multi-BSS Fast Packet ServerMGW Media GateWayMIB Management Information BaseMLPPP Multi-Link PPPMMI Man-Machine InterfaceMRTG Multi Router Traffic GrapherMS Mobile StationMSC Mobile services Switching CenterMSOH Multiplexer SOHMTP Mobile Signaling UnitMTP n Message Transfer Part level nMX Multistandard controller platform

NNAS Non Access StratumNAS Network Access ServerNE Network ElementNE1oE n E1 over EthernetNEM Network Element ManagerNGN Next Generation NetworkNPO Network Performance OptimizerNRI Network Resource IdentifierNSS Network Subsystem

OO&M Operation and MaintenanceOAD Object Access DomainOC-x Optical Carrier x


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Abbreviations and Acronyms

Switch to notes view!

OMC Operation and Maintenance CenterOMC-R Operation and Maintenance Center-RadioOML Operation and Maintenance LinkOPC Origin Point Code

OPEX Operational EXpendituresOS Operating System

PPA Power AmplifierPC Personal ComputerPCI Peripheral Component InterconnectPCM Pulse Code ModulationPDH Plesiochronous Digital HierarchyPDU Packet Data UnitPLMN Public Land Mobile NetworkPMC Permanent Measurement CampaignPOH Path OverHead

PPP Point-to-Point ProtocolPRC Provisioning Radio ConfigurationPS Packet SwitchingPSTN Public Switched Telephone NetworkPTR Pointer

QQoS Quality of Service

RRA Routing AreaRADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In UserService

RF Radio FrequencyRNIM Radio Network Information ManagerRNUSM Radio Network User Services ManagerRSL Radio Signaling LinkRSOH Regenerator SOHRX Reception

SSAN Storage Area NetworkSBL Security BlockSCCP Signaling Connection Control PartSCPA Single-Carrier Power AmplifierSCSI Small Computer System InterfaceSCTP Stream Control Transport ProtocolSDH Synchronous Digital HierarchySDR SoftwareDesigned RadioSE Supplementary ElementSEC SecuritySECUSM Security User Services ManagerSFP Small Form Factor PluggableSFTP Secured File Transfer ProtocolSGSN Serving GPRS Support NodeSLH Signaling Link HandlingSNMPV3 Simple Network Management Protocolversion 3

SOH Section OverheadSPC Signaling Point CodeSS7 Signaling System no.7SSW Subrack SwitchSTM-1 Synchronous Transport Module level 1

SUMA Station Unit Module A for GSMSW SoftWare

T

TC TransCoderTCP Transmission Control ProtocolTDM Time-Division MultiplexingTLS Transport Layer SecurityTMA Tower Mounted AmplifierTMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber IdentityTP Transmission PathTRA TRE with 8-PSK capacityTRE Transceiver EquipmentTRM Transmit/Receive ModuleTRX TransceiverTS Time SlotTS Technical Specification

TUG Tributary Unit GroupTU-n Tributary Unit nTX Transmission

UUDP User Datagram Protocol

VVC Virtual CircuitVC Virtual ContainerVLAN Virtual Local Area NetworkVLR Visitor Location Register

VMGW Virtual Media GateWay

WW-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access


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mc-trx intro, hw descr.pdf

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