matriculation chemistry carbonyl compound
TRANSCRIPT
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5/24/2018 Matriculation Chemistry Carbonyl Compound
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CARBONYL
COMPOUNDS
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Objective
Describe aldehydes and ketones.
Draw the structure and name the
compound according to IUPAC
nomenclature and common names.
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I!"ODUC!IO
#unctional group$ carbonyl% C&O
'eneral (ormula$ Cn)
*nO
Aldehyde + ,etone are isomeric
Carbonyl compounds are polar
In general% an aldehyde - reactive than ketone
towards nucleophilic addition reaction
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I!"ODUC!IO AD/)0D/
" & alkyl% aryl 1 )
,/!O/
" + "2 & alkyl% aryl
C
O
R H
C
O
R R
34
35
34
35
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aming o( Aldehyde
Aldehyde is named by substituting the letter6eo(
the corresponding alkane with 6al
7asic name depends on the longest chain with6C)O group
!he chain must be numbered by starting with
6C)O group as C58
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aming o( Aldehyde
9tructure IUPAC name 'eneral name
)5C5)
methanal (ormaldehyde
C):5C5)
ethanal acetyldehyde
C):C)*5C5)propanal propionaldehyde
O
O
O
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aming o( Aldehyde9tructure IUPAC name 'eneral name
C):C)*C)*5C5)
butanal n5butyraldehyde
C):;C)*
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aming o( Aldehyde
O
C)*C5)
Phenylethanal
(phenylacetyldehyde)
CH2=CHCH2C-H
O
3-butenal
CH3CHCHC-H
O
OH
H3C-H2C
2-ethyl-3-hydroxybutanal
4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1
2 1
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aming o( ,etone9tructure IUPAC name 'eneral name
C):CC):
propanone acetone
;dimethyl ketone