materials for energy phy563 introductory quizz
TRANSCRIPT
Materials for EnergyPHY563
Introductory Quizz
06/01/2021
Jean-François Guillemoles,
Nathanaëlle Schneider
Outline
1. Getting acquainted
2. Energy Quizz
3. Science Quizz
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GETTING ACCOINTED
3
Why did you choose this course?- I had to enroll- other:
Which type of background do you have on Material science?- I do not have any background on Material Science- other:
Would you define yourself more like : an engineer? A physicist? a chemist? Else?
Are you physicaly on campus?
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Prénom Nom Adresse de courriel
Agathe De La Selle [email protected]
Alfred Richard [email protected]
Axel Fauvel [email protected]
Baptiste Quiniou [email protected]
Clement Bouvier [email protected]
Côme Thomas [email protected]
Eloi Letzelter [email protected]
Grégoire Lelong [email protected]
Laura Volff [email protected]
Thomas Richet [email protected]
Amir Hossein Kharatizadeh [email protected]
Kenza Benabderrazik [email protected]
Lilit Gevorkyan [email protected]
Marc Dayoub [email protected]
Maria De Los Ángeles Betancourt [email protected]
Noor Fikree [email protected]
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Prénom Nom Adresse de courriel
Omar El Kassri [email protected]
Peng Bai [email protected]
Saif Sleiman [email protected]
Symbat Samatova [email protected]
Thomas Maaza [email protected]
Yifeng Zhong [email protected]
Addepalli Pranay [email protected]
Dimitra Spyratou [email protected]
Imad Audi [email protected]
Megan Alieh Mahdi [email protected]
Vishal Somanna Kukkera Vittala [email protected]
Alicia Rodriguez Vallejo [email protected]
Marc Jn Jacques [email protected]
Tali Bourdon [email protected]
Oussama El Alami El Hassani [email protected]
ENERGY QUIZZ
7
• What produces more power : The sun, a nuclear power plant, a candle or you ?
o Per cm3?
o Per kg?
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Conversion power density
o C-si 200 µm, 1 sun: (0.2 kW/kg)
1W/cm3 (200 µm, 1 sun, 20%)
o Thin film:
>100 W/cm3 (2 µm, 20-30%)
o Sun :
core 0.3 mW/cm3
Average 4 µW/cm3
o Animal metabolism ~ mW/cm3
o Flame : ~20 W/cm3
o Core of thermal plants : 100-300 W/cm3
9
Data
• Sun radius : 7E8 m, mass 2E30 kg; average density: 1.4 g/cm3; surf emission 60MW/m²
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• What drives the earth thermodynamic machine:
o Solar energy flux?
o Something else?
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Planet earth thermodynamic machine
• Energy Balance
• Entropy balance
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Leaves room for organization and life
• What drives the earth thermodynamic machine:
o Solar energy flux?
o Something else?
• Incident solar energy :
o How many years of stored thermal energy? Of Coal?
o Photosynthesis , wind are which fraction of incident solar flux?
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Exergy flows (Orr, Stanford U.)
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SCIENCE QUIZZ
15
Thermodynamics/Statistical physics
• Energy/free energy? Variance?
• What is a thermodynamic state?
• Chemical potential? Electrochemical potential?
• Phase space? Boltzmann entropy? What is a state in statistical physics?
• Fermi-Dirac distribution? Bose Einstein distribution?
• Density of states?
• Blackbody radiation?
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Quantum mechanics
• What is a state in quantum mechanics?
• Heisenberg uncertainty principles?
• What are atomic orbitals?
• Covalent bonding in QM?
• Dispersion curves?
• Hamiltonian?
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Energy scales in materials
• Electronic
o Ionisation, Affinity, Work function, …
• Thermo-chemical
o Formation/dissociation energies
• Mechanical energies
o Elastic, plastic, fracture
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Chemical potentials
affinityWork function
c
eeN
nkT ln0
Vacuum level
Local Vac. Level
Affinity
Chem. potentiel
Ionization
Materials
• What is the difference between a metal, a semiconductor and an insulator?
• Conduction band? Valence Band? Band gap?
• Crystal structures?
• What is a free electron? A phonon? A plasmon?
• What methods do you know to measure/qualify a material?
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Crystal structures
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Energy conversion processes
• Thermoelectricity?
• Photovoltaics?
• Batteries?
• Fuel cells?
• Wind turbine ?
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Chemistry
• Catalysis? Do you know an example?
• "activation Energy",
• "reaction enthalpy",
• "covalent bond",
• nucleophilic substitution
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Practice of scientific studies
• Have you already worked on a scientific article?
• Do you know how to perform a bibliographic search?
• Which tools are you familiar with?Googlescholar? –sciFinder?
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