mastery certificate - workforcegps
TRANSCRIPT
Mastery Certificate
Level Increases 1
Learning Materials for the Building Phases
** Building Construction Basics 3
Worksheet 4
1 Foundation: —Pier and Beam 7
Worksheet 8 Journal Exercise 13
—Slab 15 Journal Exercise 16
2 Floor Framing and Subfloor 17
Worksheet 18 Journal Exercise 21
3 Exterior Walls: —Stick Framing 23
Worksheet 24 Journal Exercise 28
—(SIP) Structural Insulated Panels 30 Worksheet 31 Journal Exercise 37
—(AAC) Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
Block 38 Journal Exercise 39 4 Roof Framing and Roofing 41
Worksheet 42 Journal Exercise 46
5 Exterior Finish 48
Worksheet 49 Journal Exercises:
—Siding 53 —Stucco 55 6 Interior Walls 57
Worksheet 58 Journal Exercise 63
7 Plumbing, Electrical, and Mechanical
—Plumbing 65 Worksheet 66 Journal Exercise 69
—Electrical 70 Worksheet 71
Journal Exercise 75
—Mechanical 77 Worksheet 78 Journal Exercise 81
8 Drywall 82
Worksheet 83 Journal Exercise 86
9 Porches, Stairs, and Ramp 89
Worksheet 90 Journal Exercise 93
10 Interior Trim and Paint 95
Worksheet 96 Journal Exercise 102
11 Concrete Flatwork 104
Worksheet 105 Journal Exercise 109
Mastery Certificate Trainer Sheets for the Building Phases
** Building Construction Basics 1
1 Foundation—Pier and Beam 7 2 Floor Framing and Subfloor 12
3 Exterior Walls: —Stick Framing 15 —(SIP) Structural Insulated Panels 19 4 Roof Framing and Roofing 23 5 Exterior Finish 28
6 Interior Walls 33 7 Plumbing, Electrical, and Mechanical
—Plumbing 36 —Electrical 42 —Mechanical 49
8 Drywall 54
9 Porches, Stairs, and Ramp 59
10 Interior Trim and Paint 64
11 Concrete Flatwork 70
Green Construction Manual
** Recycling On Site 1
1 Foundation 3
2 Floor Framing and Subfloor 21 3 Exterior Walls: —Stick Framing with OVE 33 —Structural Insulated Panels (SIP's) 51 4 Roof Framing and Roofing 59 5 Exterior Finish: —Siding & Windows 93 —Stucco 105 6 Interior Walls 129 7 Pre-Drywall 149 8 Drywall 155 9 Porches, Stairs, and Ramp 167
10 Interior Trim and Paint 207 11 Concrete Flatwork 233
Mastery Certificate
Level Increases 1
HOUSE CREDITS
1) Foundation—Pier and Beam 1 credit Slab 2 credits 2) Floor framing & subfloor 1 credit
3) Exterior walls 2 credits
4) Roof framing & roofing 2 credits
5) Exterior finish 2 credits
6) Interior walls 1 credit
7a) Plumbing 1/3 credit
7b) Electrical 1/3 credit
7c) Mechanical 1/3 credit
8) Dry wall 2 credits
9) Porches, stairs & ramp 1 credit
10) Interior trim & paint 2 credits
11) Flatwork 2 credits
Mastery Certificate
Level Increases 1
MEMBER LEVELS Security Phase —Program orientation and 2 week probationary period Basic Leve—Members begin basic level after completing probationary period Level 1 —Requirements:
1) Complete 4 weeks in the program at Basic Level 2) Complete Building Construction Basics phase in Mastery
Certificate and have folder reviewed by trainer 3) Attendance—Positive bank time 4) Attendance and participation in all leadership classes 5) Good work habits and teamwork skills 6) Trainer approval
Level 2 —Requirements (See reverse side for house credits)
1) Complete 8 weeks in the program at Level 1 2) Complete Mastery Certificate phases totaling at least 4 house
credits including all worksheets and journal exercises. Have folder reviewed by trainer.
3) Attendance—Positive bank time 4) Attendance and participation in all leadership classes 5) Good work habits and teamwork skills 6) Trainer approval
Casa Verde Builders
Level Increases 2
Level 3—Requirements 1) Complete 8 weeks in the program at Level 2 2) Complete Mastery Certificate phases totaling at least 6 house
credits (Not including credits for Level 2) including all worksheets and journal exercises. Have folder reviewed by trainer.
3) Attendance—Positive bank time 4) Attendance and participation in all leadership classes 5) Good work habits and teamwork skills 6) Trainer approval
Level 4 —Requirements 1) Complete 8 weeks in program at Level 3 2) Complete independent project such as Driveway or Side porch
with handicapped ramp a. Organize and give work assignments to fellow crew
members assisting with project b. Do material take off c. Give regular reports to trainer regarding material & crew
needs for the following week, estimate of completion date & problems encountered
3) Attendance—Positive bank time 4) Attendance and participation in all leadership classes 5) Good work habits and teamwork skills 6) Trainer approval
Level One: Building Construction Basics
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses the
following basic tools • Hammer • Tape measure • Speed square • Utility knife • Tool belt • Circular saw • Wheel barrow • Cat’s paw • Flat bar • Chalk line • Chisels (wood &
masonry) • Sledge hammer • Phillips screwdriver • Flat head screwdriver • Drill • Cordless drill • Reciprocating saw • Level • Shovels (pick, spade,
sharpshooter) • Ladder • Framing square • Tin snips • Caulk gun
2. Chooses the appropriate
tool for the job
1. Works without injury to self
& others 2. Identifies & reports on-site
safety hazards o Unsafe behavior o Broken tools o Extension cords—
Performs regular inspections for cracked insulation, bent or broken plugs, etc
3. Considers risks related to specific tasks; chooses appropriate safety measures & equipment
4. Asks for additional safety training when needed
5. Wears appropriate work clothes & boots for the job
6. Identifies, locates & is able to use all site safety equipment (telephone, first aid kit, back brace, hard hat, gloves, eye & ear protection, dust mask, & fire extinguisher)
7. Uses correct lifting techniques to prevent back injury
8. Contributes toward an organized work site, free of safety hazards
9. Removes any jewelry that may be hazardous on site including rings, bracelets, necklaces, earrings etc.
• Straight • Plumb • Level • Square • Blueprint • Fasteners
o Nails—Length in pennies (d)—finish, sinker, spiral shank, common, box
o Screws—Length in inches—drywall screw, deck screw. Gauge (thickness) of screw shaft: 6 ga.-up to 2 ¼”; 8 ga-2 ½”-3”; 10 ga.-3 ½”-4”
o Coatings--galvanized, plastic, bright, vinyl.
• V.O.C. (Volatile Organic Compound)
• Dimensional lumber sizes (2 x 4, 2 x 6, 1 x 4)
• Sustainability
• Permaculture
• Engineered products
• City of Austin Green
Building Program
Residential Rating (1-5
stars)
• Xeriscaping
• Mulch
• Green Elements
o Fly ash
o O.S.B.
o Cellulose insulation
o Zero or low V.O.C.
paints & adhesives
o Recycled carpet
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
locate & transfer basic components of architectural drawings to house
• Maintains a journal which chronicles ideas, decision making, problem solving, & reasoning skills in the process of building a quality home
• Completes a journal entry explaining general Energy & Resource Efficient Elements related to Casa Verde homes
2. MATH • Reads a tape measure to the nearest
¼”
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions
4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Building Construction Basics 4
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION BASICS
When measuring short lengths with a tape measure, it is difficult to get an accurate measurement because the hook on the tape moves back and forth. To make this easier, you can use a method called “burning and inch” which means that you put the 1 inch mark at the beginning of the line instead of the hook. Then you simply subtract one inch from your answer. Example
5 1/4” – 1” = 4 1/4” Problems Using your tape, measure the following lines using the method described above to the nearest 1/4”. 1) 2)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Building Construction Basics 5
3) 4) 5) For 6-10, measure to the nearest 1/8” 6) 7) 8)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Building Construction Basics 6
9) 10)
Phase 1a: Foundation (Pier & Beam)-- 1 credit
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to foundation work
• Pigtail crank • 100 ft. steel tape measure • Metal cutting chop saw • Water level • Builder’s level
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Protect eyes & skin when
pouring concrete 3. Rinses skin with vinegar
after contact with concrete 4. Cutting steel with chop saw
or circular saw o Wears eye & ear
protection o Wears long sleeves o Protects area from
sparks
• Easement • Set back • Pier & beam foundation • Batter board • Stake • Duplex nails • String line • 3,4,5 triangle • Rebar • Rebar overlap • Circle tie • Pigtail (twist tie) • Pier • Tube form (sona tube) • Brace • Concrete • Pier anchor
• Fly ash
• Stepping stones
• Conservation—reuse stakes
& braces
• Rebar
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of foundation on site
• Journal—1)Explains in writing how to layout string lines & erect tube forms, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to foundations
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates volume of concrete
needed to fill a sona tube 18” in diameter & 20 ft tall
• Calculate the diagonal measurement of a rectangle that is 9 ft x 12 ft
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Foundation — Pier and Beam 8
PIER & BEAM FOUNDATION
Problem 1 Calculate the volume of concrete needed to
fill a sona tube 18” in diameter and 20’ tall 18 in.
Step 1 Calculate the radius of the top of the sona tube. d Formula: radius = ½ x diameter r 20 ft Step 2 Convert inches to feet. Formula: # of feet = # of inches 12 inches / foot Step 3 Calculate the area of the top of the sona tube in square feet (ft2) Formula: Area of circle = π x radius x radius OR A = π r2 (Hint: π = 3.14)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Foundation — Pier and Beam 9
Step 4
Calculate the volume of concrete needed to fill the sona tube in cubic feet (ft3)
Formula: Volume = (Area of top of sona tube) x (height of sona tube)
OR V = A x h
(Hint: Since you are multiplying ft2 x ft, the answer will be in ft3)
Step 5
Ultimately, we need to know the volume of concrete in cubic yards (yd3) because that is how it is ordered from the concrete company. So we need to calculate the number of ft3 in a yd3. There are 3 ft in a yard.
Formula (Volume of a cube): Volume = length x width x height OR
V = lwh
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Foundation — Pier and Beam 10
1 cubic yard (yd3)
Step 6 Using the result from Step 5, convert the result from Step 4 to yd3 Formula: Volume = Result from step 4 (ft3) Result from Step 5 (ft3/yd3)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Foundation — Pier and Beam 11
Problem 2 Calculate the diagonal measurement of the rectangle below. When setting up the string lines for the foundation, one of the methods
we use to make sure all of the corners are at 90 deg angles is to measure the diagonals and make sure they are the same.
12 ft. a c 9 ft. b Step 1
Drawing a diagonal line across the rectangle gives you a right triangle. A right triangle is defined as a triangle with one 90 deg. angle
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Foundation — Pier and Beam 12
Step 2 When you have a right triangle in which you know the length of 2 of the sides, you can calculate the length of the third side using the Pythagorean theorem. Pythagorean Theorem—The sum of the squares of the 2 shorter sides of a right triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse (longest side). Or, to simplify:
(side a X side a) + (side b X side b) = (side c X side c) OR a2 + b2 = c2
a c b Once you get the total for a2 + b2, you need to get c by itself on one side
of the equation. To do this, take the square root of each side of the equation.
√ (total of a2 + b2) = √ c2 √ (total of a2 + b2) = c To find the square root of your total, either use a calculator or use trial and
error. With trial and error, just multiply a number times itself and see if it is close to your total. If the result of the first try is too low, choose a higher number.
(Hint: Side c is longer than side a or side b)
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Foundation — Pier and Beam 13
PIER & BEAM FOUNDATION
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to construct a pier foundation, step by step, using
correct vocabulary. Be sure to include setting string lines, drilling pier holes, installing rebar, installing sona tubes and pouring concrete.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Foundation — Pier and Beam 14
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to pier foundations.
Including: • Fly ash • Rebar • Stepping stones • Reuse of stakes and braces
Phase 1b: Foundation (Slab) – 2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses
the following tools specific to concrete formwork
• 100 ft. tape • Water level • Builder’s level • Trencher • Metal cutting chop saw • Linesman’s Pliers • Pigtail crank
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Protect ears & eyes when cutting rebar 3. Protect area from sparks when cutting steel
• Easement • Set back (Front, rear,
side) • Batter board • String line • 3,4,5 triangle • Formwork • Stake • Brace • Kicker • Duplex nails • Slab • Beam • Rebar • Bar diameter • Rebar overlap • Rebar stirrup • Rebar chair • Corner bar • Pigtail (twist tie) • Tie wire • Concrete • J-bolt
• Fly ash
• Stepping stones
• Conservation—reuse stakes,
braces, & form boards
• Rebar
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
1. M15—Floor is durable
material for at least ½ of
all flooring
• M16—Structural floor is
finished floor for a
minimum of 1/3 of all
flooring
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine beam size & rebar specs for slab foundation
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to tie & place rebar2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to slab foundations
2. MATH • Calculates diagonal measurements
of foundation using Pythagorean theorem
• Calculates volume of concrete (in cubic yards) needed for foundation
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Foundation — Slab 16
SLAB FOUNDATION
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations) Explain how to construct a slab foundation, step by step, using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include setting string lines, digging trenches, installing rebar, installing plumbing and pouring concrete.
Phase 2: Floor framing & subfloor--1 credit
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to subfloor & porch frame
• Quart glue gun • Chalk line • Sledge hammer • String line
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Safely places & works on
beams & joists 3. Avoids skin contact &
inhaling vapors when using subfloor adhesive
4. Wears dust mask when
cutting arsenic treated lumber & washes hands after skin contact
5. Uses teamwork &
communicates clearly with crew in lifting & installing floor beams
• Floor beam (Girder) • Floor joist • O.C. (On Center) • Joist hanger • Subfloor • Subfloor adhesive • Nails
o 16d Sinker o Tico (Joist hanger) o 8d galvanized, spiral
• LVL beam (Laminated
Veneer Lumber)
• Engineered I-joist
• Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
• Low VOC subfloor adhesive
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
° M3—No solid lumber 2 x
10 or larger for floor
framing
° Additions—Construction
adhesives have no
VOCs
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of beams & joists; checks for conflicts between floor framing & plumbing
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to construct floor frame & install subfloor, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Explains energy & resource efficient elements related to subfloor & porch frame
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates number of joists needed
to frame subfloor • Calculates number of sheets of OSB
needed to complete subfloor 3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Floor Framing and Subfloor 18
FLOOR FRAMING &
SUBFLOOR
Problem 1 32 ft. 40 ft.
With this floor frame, the joists are spaced at 19.2” O.C. How many joists will it take to complete the frame?
Step 1 • Since the floor frame measurement is in feet and the joist spacing is in
inches, one of them will need to be converted so that the units are the same for both.
• Let’s convert 19.2” to feet. • There are 12 inches in 1 foot so you will divide 12 into 19.2 • Before dividing, you will need to move the decimal points. It is okay to
move the decimal points as long as you do it the same for both numbers
• 19.2—192 • 12—120 • Now you can divide 120 into 192
Step 2
• Now that you know the joist spacing in feet, you can divide the result from step 1 into 40 ft.
• This will tell you the number of 19.2” spaces there will be in 40 ft.
Joists Beams
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Floor Framing and Subfloor 19
• But since there is a beam at the very end, you will need to subtract 1 from your answer to get the number of joists.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Floor Framing and Subfloor 20
Problem 2 Calculate the number of 4 ft. x 8 ft. sheets of OSB that are needed to cover the floor framing. Step 1
• For this problem, all of the terms are already in feet so you do not need to do any conversions.
• This problem deals with Area which is flat (2 dimensional) space. This is different than Volume which you dealt with in the foundation section.
• One square foot (ft2) is a square whose sides are all one ft. long
• First, you will need to calculate the number of square feet (ft2) in the floor frame. Its dimensions are 32 ft. x 40 ft.
• Formula: Area = Length x width A = L x W
• Now you can calculate the area of the floor • Remember, when you multiply ft. x ft., the answer will be in ft2 (square
feet)
Step 2
• Next you will need to calculate the Area of a sheet of OSB • This is exactly the same process as in step 1 so you will use the same
formula. A = L x W
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Floor Framing and Subfloor 21
Step 3
• Now you have the Area of the floor and the Area of 1 sheet of OSB • Next you will calculate how many sheets of OSB will fit on the floor
frame. • For this calculation, you will use division
Area of floor frame (ft2)
Area of 1 sheet of OSB (ft2) • Since you have the same units (ft2) on the top and bottom of the
equation, you can cancel them out. • Your answer will be the number of sheets of OSB
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Floor Framing and Subfloor 21
FLOOR FRAMING & SUBFLOOR
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to install floor framing and subfloor, step by step, using
correct vocabulary. Be sure to include installing & squaring beams, installing joists & installing subfloor.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Floor Framing and Subfloor 22
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to floor framing & subfloor. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Micro-laminated beams (LVL) • I-Joists • OSB • Low VOC subfloor adhesive
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 3a: Exterior Walls (Stick Framing) – 2 credits
Tools
Safety
Vocabulary/ Materials Energy/ Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
• Circular Saw
• Miter Saw
• String Line
• Chalk Line
• Plumb Bob
• 100 ft. Tape
• Level
• 8 ft. Straight Edge
1. Practices all level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately.
2. Properly sets up and uses
miter and circular saws 3. Practices safe lifting when
standing walls. 4. Properly braces walls after
they are installed
• Top Plate
• Bottom Plate
• O.C. (On Center)
• Stud
• King Stud
• Trimmer
• Header
• Cripple
• Rough Sill
• Sill Jack
• R.O. (Rough Opening)
• Diagonal Brace
(Permanent)
o Let–in Brace
o Steel Strap Brace
• Diagonal Brace
(Temporary)
• Plumb
• Line
• O.V.E. (Optimum Value Engineering) o Studs at 24” O.C. o Single top plate o No partition ties o 2-stud corners o No headers in non load
bearing walls o No dead wood o Box beam header
• Cellulose insulation • Low V.O.C. (Volatile
Organic Compound) construction adhesive
• Finger-joint studs
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
• M4—Finger-jointed studs
used for all walls
• M7b—OVE framing
• E16a—Total fill insulation
in walls (Cellulose)
• E 18—Insulated headers
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of door & window openings
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to frame a wall, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining Resource Efficient Elements related to wall framing
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates number of studs &
number of 12 ft. long 2 x 4s that are needed to build a wall that is 17’-8” long
• Calculate the insulation value for a 3 ½” thick wall with cellulose insulation
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with
trainer & peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO
LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to
ensure successful completion of task
• Carefully observes worksite demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Stick Framing 24
STICK FRAMING WORKSHEET
24” Problem 1 17 ft
Calculate the number of studs and the number of 12 ft. long 2 x 4s that are needed to build a wall that is 17’ long. The wall will have a single top plate.
The studs are spaced @ 24” O.C. Step 1 To calculate the number of studs, you must first get all of the
measurements in the same units. Right now, the wall length is in feet and the stud spacing is in inches.
First, convert 24” to feet. There are 12” in a foot. Step 2
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Stick Framing 25
Now you know the stud spacing in feet and you know how long the wall is in feet. Next, you can use these 2 numbers to determine how many studs are needed to complete the wall.
You will use division for this calculation.
If the stud spacing number does not divide evenly into the wall length, round up to the next higher number. Also, after you do the division, you will need to add 1 to the number of studs in your answer. The reason for this is that when you divide, that is telling you the number of 24” spaces there are in the wall. You still need a stud at the beginning and end of the wall. Once you get the answer, draw the studs into the wall drawing above.
24” 24” 24” 24” 24”
Example: 10 ft.
In this example, there are 5 spaces of 24” and 6 studs needed for the wall. Step 3
Determine the amount of 2 x 4 plate needed for the top and bottom plates. The top and bottom plates are the same length as the wall.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Stick Framing 26
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Stick Framing 27
Step 4 How much lumber was saved by using a single instead of a double
top plate? Problem 2
Determine the insulation value for a 3 ½” thick wall with cellulose insulation.
Insulation is placed in the walls, attic and crawl space to help maintain the temperature difference between inside and outside. The more insulation you have, the less you’re A/C or furnace will have to run and the less it will cost you on your utility bills.
Step 1 WALL INSULATION
Inside house (The thicker the Outside house 75 deg. insulation, the 100 deg. higher the R-value)
Insulation is rated in R-value. “R” just stands for resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, the higher the resistance to heat flow and the more it will help maintain the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the house. Cellulose insulation has an R-value of R-4 per inch of thickness. So you just need to calculate the value for 3 ½”.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Stick Framing 28
You can set this up as a ratio. 1” = 3 ½”
R4 Rx Step 2
Then cross-multiply and solve for x
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Walls — Stick Framing 28
STICK FRAMING EXTERIOR WALLS
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to frame and install stick framed walls, step by step,
using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include cutting & laying out plates, nailing studs, framing window & door openings, and raising & bracing walls.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Walls — Stick Framing 29
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to stick framing. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Optimum Value Engineering (OVE) • Cellulose insulation • Cotton insulation • Finger-jointed studs • Box beam headers • Low VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) const.
adhesive
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 3b: Exterior Walls (Structural Insulated Panel “SIP”)--2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses
the following tools specific to SIP exterior walls
• Quart glue gun • Air compressor • Pneumatic stapler • Level • #3 square drive bit • Scaffolding • Sledge hammer • String line
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Properly braces SIP panels
as they are installed. 3. Avoids skin contact &
inhaling vapors when using subfloor adhesive
4. Uses proper lifting
techniques when moving & installing SIP panels.
• Structural Insulated Panel
(SIP) • Bottom plate • Spline • Header • Rough opening • Window & door frame • Top plate • Temporary brace • Electrical chase • Solvent-free construction
adhesive
• SIP
• Low VOC construction
adhesive
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
o M7c—Solid ext. wall
system (SIP)
o E16b—Walls are
integrally insulated (SIP)
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of window & door openings
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to erect an exterior SIP wall, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to SIP walls
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculate the cost of SIP panels for
the house • Determine the insulation value for an
SIP wall 3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Structural Insulated Panel 31
S.I.P. (STRUCTURAL
INSULATED PANEL) Problem 1 Calculate the cost of SIP wall panels for the house. The panels are priced by the square foot (ft2) of wall surface area
(Do not subtract out the door & window openings). The price for straw SIPs is $5.50/ft2 The price for foam SIPs is $3.40/ft2 Step 1 First, you need to calculate the number of ft2 of wall area in the
house. Using the blueprints, determine the length and height of the exterior
walls. Formula: Area of wall = Length x Height OR A = L x H Length x Height = ft2
Wall 1
Wall 2
Wall 3
Wall 4
Step 2 Now, for each wall, you can multiply the length x the width in the
table above.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Structural Insulated Panel 32
Step 3 Next, you add up the total ft2 for all of the walls in the far right column of the table.
Step 4 Now you have the total number of square feet and the cost per
square foot. To get the total cost, simply multiply the number of square feet by the cost per square foot.
Problem 2
Determine the insulation value for an S.I.P. wall with 3 ½” of compressed straw insulation. Insulation is placed in the walls, attic and crawl space to help maintain the temperature difference between inside and outside. The more insulation you have, the less you’re A/C or furnace will have to work and the less it will cost you on your utility bills.
Step 1 WALL INSULATION Inside House Outside House
75 deg. (The thicker the 100 deg. insulation, the higher the R-value)
Insulation is rated in R-value. “R” just stands for resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, the higher the resistance to heat flow and the more it will help maintain the temperature difference. Compressed straw has an R-value of R-4 per inch of thickness. So you just need to calculate the value for 3 ½”. You can set this up as a ratio.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Structural Insulated Panel 33
1 inch = 3 ½ inches R4 R(x)
Step 2 Then cross-multiply and solve for x. This will give you the R value for the SIP.
Problem 3
Determine the insulation value for an S.I.P. wall with 3 ½” of expanded polystyrene (Styrofoam) insulation. Insulation is placed in the walls, attic and crawl space to help maintain the temperature difference between inside and outside. The more insulation you have, the less you’re A/C or furnace will have to work and the less it will cost you in utility bills.
Step 1 WALL INSULATION Inside House Outside House
75 deg. (The thicker the 100 deg. insulation, the higher the R-value)
Insulation is rated in R-value. “R” just stands for resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, the higher the resistance to heat flow and the more it will help maintain the temperature difference. Expanded polystyrene has an R-value of R-5 per inch of thickness. So you just need to calculate the value for 3 ½”. You can set this up as a ratio. 1 inch = 3 ½ inches
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Structural Insulated Panel 34
R5 R(x)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Walls — Structural Insulated Panel 35
Step 2 Then cross-multiply and solve for x. This will give you the R-value for the SIP.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Walls — Structural Insulated Panel 35
EXTERIOR WALLS (SIP)
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to frame and install S.I.P. walls, step by step, using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include cutting & installing plates, framing window & door openings, and raising & bracing walls.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Walls — Structural Insulated Panel 36
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to S.I.P. walls. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Oriented Strand Board(O.S.B.) • Low VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) const.
adhesive • Expanded polystyrene foam insulation • Low dimensional lumber usage
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 3c: Exterior Wall (Autoclaved Aerated Conrete “AAC” Block)--2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses
the following tools specific to AAC blocks
• Drywall mud mixing drill bit • ½” drill • Notched trowel • Splash brush • Level (2 ft & 4 ft) • Rubber mallet • Line blocks • Drywall saw • Band saw (optional) • Sanding block • Jig saw • 1” paddle bit
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Wears dust mask & safety
glasses when cutting block, sanding block, or mixing mastic
3. Secures line blocks
properly & takes care not to knock them loose or cut string line
4. Protects skin from mortar &
mastic. Rinses skin with vinegar after contact
• Autoclaved Aerated
Concrete (AAC) • Solid block • “O” block • “U” block • Rebar • Stirrup • “L” bar • Corner bar • “J” bolt
• AAC blocks with fly ash
• AAC blocks
° Reduced material usage
(blocks are 80% air)
° Blocks are structure as
well as insulation
° Insulation is continuous
(no breaks as in stud
walls)
° Stucco & plaster adhere
directly to blocks—no
lathe necessary
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
° M8—Solid ext. wall
system
° H24—All wood is 1 ft.
above soil
° H27—Structure is not
made of wood
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of “O” blocks & rebar according to architectural & engineering specifications
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to lay up a block wall, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient issues related to AAC blocks
2. MATH • Calculates number of AAC blocks
needed to build a wall 8 ft. x 12 ft. • Calculates number of AAC blocks
(“O”, “U”, & solid) needed to construct a wall 8 ft x 26 ft
• Calculates number of AAC blocks needed (“O”, “U”, & solid) needed for entire house
• Calculates volume of concrete (in cubic feet) needed for one “O” block cell 4” diameter x 8 ft. tall
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Walls — Autoclaved Aerated Cement 39
EXTERIOR WALLS (A.A.C.)
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to lay A.A.C. (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) block walls, step by step, using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include installing all 3 block types(solid, “O”, & “U” blocks), setting string lines & line blocks, mixing & applying mastic, installing rebar and pouring concrete.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Walls — Autoclaved Aerated Cement 40
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to A.A.C. walls. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Low material usage (blocks are 80% air) • Low material usage for interior & exterior finish
(stucco and plaster) • Termite proof • Blocks provide structure and insulation
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 4: Roof Framing & Roofing--2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to roof framing & roofing
• Extension ladder • String line • Staple gun • Cordless drill with torque
adjustment • Hex bit • Chalk line • Tin snips • Metal cutting blade (on
circular saw) • Urethane caulk (NP1)
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Correctly sets up & uses
ladder & scaffolding 3. Wears hard hat to protect
body from falling debris 4. Communicates clearly to
team members on ground & roof
5. Braces trusses securely to
ensure structural stability & prevent roof collapse
6. Takes wind conditions into
account before installing roofing sheets
7. Wears gloves when working
with metal roofing 8. Wears eye & ear protection
& protects area from sparks when cutting metal.
• Truss
° Regular truss (Fink) ° Gable truss ° Girder truss ° Top chord ° Bottom chord ° Web member ° Tail ° Gusset
• Barge rafter • Diagonal brace • Purlin • Rat run • Hurricane tie • Bird block • Insect screen • End wall flashing • Metal roofing sheets • Roofing screws • Drip edge • Ridge cap • Insulation baffles • Roof boot
• Roof trusses
• 1 x 4 purlins
• Metal roofing
• Continuous ridge & soffit vent
• Wide roof overhang
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
° M6a—Engineered roof
trusses
° M9 & E22—Metal roof
° E21—Continuous ridge &
soffit vent
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of trusses according to engineering & architectural specifications
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to frame a roof & install roofing, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Explains energy & resource efficient elements related to roof framing & roofing
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates height of truss peak. The
truss is 32’ wide and has a 5/12 pitch • Calculates number & size of roofing
sheets needed to cover entire roof 3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Roof Framing and Roofing 42
ROOF FRAMING & ROOFING
Problem 1
Calculate the height of the truss peak on a truss with a 5/12 pitch and a length of 32’
In carpentry, the pitch (or slope) of the roof is given as a ratio of rise to
run. This is written as a fraction: rise run In roof framing, the bottom number in the ratio stays the same. It is
always 12. The higher the top number—the steeper the pitch. As you can see in the truss drawing below, for every 12 ft. you come in
from the end of the truss (run), the top chord of the truss rises 5 ft. On the blueprints, you will find a little sideways “L”-shaped symbol above
the drawing of the roof that tells you the roof pitch.
12 5 5 ft 16 ft. 12 ft. Step 1 You can set the problem up as rise = rise OR 5’ = rise run run 12’ 16’ Step 2 Then you cross multiply. 5’ = rise 12’ 16’ 12’ x rise = 5’ x 16’ Step 3
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Roof Framing and Roofing 43
Since you are trying to figure out what r is, you need to get it by itself on one side of the equation. To get rid of the number next to the r, you just need to divide both sides of the equation by that number.
12 ft (r) = 80 ft 12 ft 12 ft
Since you have 12 ft. on the top and bottom of the fraction, you can cancel them both out. You can also cancel ft on the other side of the equation.
Step 4 Solve for r. If 12 does not divide evenly into 80, the remainder you have will be the number of inches in the answer. Example: If you divide 100 ft by 12, the answer is 8 ft with a remainder of 4. Then you put the 4 into a fraction with 12. It becomes 8 4/12 ft. And since there are 12 inches in a foot, this converts to 8 ft. 4 in.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Roof Framing and Roofing 44
Problem 2
Calculate the length of metal roofing sheets and the number of sheets needed for the main area of the roof.
Each sheet of roofing is 3 ft. 3 in wide and overlaps onto the sheet next to
it by 3 in. so each sheet covers 3 ft. The sheets are custom ordered to whatever length you want so the first step will be to find the length of each sheet which is the same length as the top chord of the trusses.
Step 1 If you have the roof trusses on site, you can measure the length of
the top chord. If not, you can scale it off of the blueprints (ask your trainer for assistance). Round this number to the nearest foot.
Step 2 Now that you have the length and width of the sheet, you can
calculate the area. Formula: Area = Length x Width OR A = L x W
Remember, since you are multiplying ft. x ft., your answer will be in ft2 (square feet).
Step 3 Next, you will need to find the area of one side of the roof. First, you
need to find the length of the roof, which will be equal to the length of the house (front to back) plus the overhang on the front and back.
Use the blueprints to find the lengths of the house and the overhangs.
The width (from the end of the overhang on the side of the house up to the roof peak) will be the same measurement you took in Step 1. The formula will be the same as for Step 2.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Roof Framing and Roofing 45
Step 4 Now that you know the area of one sheet and the area of one side of the roof, you can calculate the number of sheets by dividing. Formula: Number of sheets = Area of roof (ft2) Area of one sheet (ft2)
Step 5 The result from Step 4 is the number of sheets needed for one side of the roof so you will multiply that number by 2 to get the total for both sides.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Roof Framing and Roofing 46
ROOF FRAMING & ROOFING
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to install trusses, purlins and roofing, step by step,
using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include truss and purlin spacing and nailing, roof panel installation and proper screw placement.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Roof Framing and Roofing 47
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to roof framing and roofing. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Roof trusses • 1 x 4 purlins • Metal roofing • Continuous ridge & soffit vent
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 5: Exterior Finish (windows, stucco, siding) – 2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to exterior finish
• Underpinning (Stucco)
o Tin Snips o Mortar Hoe o Hawk o Stucco Trowel o Splash Brush o Water Bucket o Screed Board o Scratcher o Sponge o Rubber Float
• Siding
o Fiber Cement Scoring Knife
o Fiber Cement Siding Shears
o Story Pole o Chop Saw (w/ masonry
blade)
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Protects skin when working
with stucco by wearing gloves & keeping hands clean
3. Rinses skin with vinegar
after contact with stucco 4. Correctly sets up & uses
ladder & scaffolding 5. Wears dust mask & safety
glasses when mixing stucco
6. Wears dust mask & safety
glasses when cutting fiber cement trim
• Stucco— metal stud,
track, lathe, J-mold, expansion joint, masonry sand, cement (Portland, masonry), plastic fibers, ratio, scratch coat, brown coat, finish coat, screed, float, vinegar
• Builders Felt • Windows—single pane,
double pane, reveal, single hung, double hung, horizontal slider, weather stripping
• Siding—lap siding, fiber cement siding, blind nail, face nail, starter strip
• Flashing—window, door, bottom of wall
• Exterior Trim—overhang (eave), gable end vents, bevel, miter, back prime, eave trim (frieze), gable end trim, corner board, railing, baluster, bird block
• Exterior Spackle • Caulk
• Stucco
• Fly ash
• Fiber Cement Siding
• Trim—fiber cement, cedar
• Low VOC Latex Paint
• Low VOC Latex caulk
• Weather Stripping
• Light Colored Exterior Walls
• Wide Roof Overhangs
• Double pane windows
• Low e (emittance) windows
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
° E7—minimum 24” roof
overhangs
° E19—Double pane
windows
° Additions—Light colored
ext. walls, fiber cement
siding & trim
1. READING / WRITING • Journal—1) Explains in writing how
to install & flash a window, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Explains in writing how to mix & apply 3 coats of stucco, step by step, using correct vocabulary 3) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to siding, stucco, & windows
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculate the amount of siding
needed to cover one side of the house
• Calculate the amount of siding needed to cover the gable end truss
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Finish —Windows, Stucco, and Siding 49
EXTERIOR FINISH
Problem 1 Calculate the amount of siding needed to cover one side of the house. Step 1
First, you will need to calculate the Area in square feet (ft2) on one side of the house. (Don’t subtract anything out for the door and window openings) Using the blueprints, find the length and height of the wall.
Formula: Area = Length x Height OR A = L x H Step 2 Next, you will need to calculate the Area that each piece of siding
will cover.
The siding comes in planks that are 8” x 12’. But with plank siding, each plank overlaps the plank below it by 1-2” so its “exposure” is 6-7”, not 8”.
For this problem, the exposure will be 6”. The formula for the Area is the same as in step one however, you
must make sure that all of the units (feet & inches) are the same. If you multiply 6” x 12’, you will get the wrong answer.
Since all of the other numbers are in feet, it will be easiest to
convert 6” to feet.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Finish —Windows, Stucco, and Siding 50
6 in. 12 in. /foot To keep the units straight, before dividing you can cancel out the “in.” on the top and bottom of the equation. This just leaves feet, which is what your answer will be in. There are 12” in a foot so you just need to divide 6 in. by 12 in./foot.
Step 3
Now that the units are the same, you can use the same formula as in Step 1.
Formula: A = L x H Since you are multiplying ft. x ft., your answer will be in ft2. Step 4
Now you know the Area of the entire wall and the Area of one piece of siding so you simply divide to get the total number of pieces. Formula: Number of pieces = Area of wall (ft2) Area of one piece of siding (ft2) Since you have ft2 on the top and bottom of the equation, you can cancel them both out. The answer will have no units, it will just be the number of pieces of siding.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Finish —Windows, Stucco, and Siding 51
Problem 2 Calculate the amount of siding needed to cover the gable end truss.
For this problem, you will just need to calculate the Area of the truss since you already know the Area of one piece of siding from Problem 1.
Step 1
Using the blueprints, find the length of the gable truss not including the tails (the length of the truss is the same as the wall that it sits on top of).
Height Base Measure the height of the truss at the center. *If you want an extra challenge, instead of measuring the truss you can calculate the height using the roof slope and half the length of the truss.
Step 2
Calculating the area of a triangle is very similar to calculating the area of a rectangle as in Problem 1. There is just one additional operation to perform. Formula: Area = ½ x Length (Base) x Height OR A = ½ x B x H Multiplying a number times ½ is the same as dividing by 2 so you can also write the equation A = B x H
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Exterior Finish —Windows, Stucco, and Siding 52
2
Step 3
Now you know the Area of the triangle (truss) and the Area of one piece of siding. Just as in Step 4 in the first problem, you will divide to get the final answer. Formula: Number of pieces = Area of truss (ft2) Area of one piece of siding (ft2)
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Finish — Windows and Siding 53
SIDING & WINDOWS
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to install windows & siding, step by step, using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include window flashing & caulking, felt paper installation, siding exposure & nailing schedule, and trim installation.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Finish — Windows and Siding 54
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to siding and windows. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Fiber cement siding • Fiber cement trim • Low VOC paint & caulk • Weather stripping • Light colored ext. walls • Wide roof overhangs • Double pane windows
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Finish — Stucco 55
STUCCO
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to install framing & lathe, and apply stucco, step by step, using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include cutting & installing steel studs, orientation & installation of lathe, different fasteners used and mixing & applying 3 coats of stucco.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Exterior Finish — Stucco 56
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to stucco. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Stucco • Fly ash • Polyethylene (plastic) fibers
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 6: Interior Walls--1 credit
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to interior walls
• Chalk line • Level • Plumb bob • Tin snips • Metal cutting chop saw • Vice grip pliers
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Wears safety glasses &
protects area from sparks when cutting with chop saw
3. Uses proper lifting
techniques when installing straw wall panels
4. Uses proper blade on
circular saw for cutting straw panels
• Top & bottom track • Metal stud • Header • Cripple • Pan head framer • Plumbing wall • Blocking
• Metal studs & track
• Straw panels
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
° M8b—OVE framing on
interior walls
° Additions—Metal stud
interior walls, Straw panel
interior walls, Drywall clips
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of interior walls • Journal—1) Explains in writing how
to construct a metal stud wall, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to interior walls
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates linear feet of top & bottom
track & number of studs needed to construct a wall 10’ 6” long
• Calculates linear feet of track & number of studs needed to construct all interior walls
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Walls 58
INTERIOR WALL
Problem 1 Calculate the number of studs and linear feet of track needed for the
wall below. Draw the studs into the drawing once you figure out where they go.
The studs will be at 24” O.C. Remember, at the door opening, you will need 2 studs on each side of the
opening. Also, you will need cripples (shorter studs) over the doorway. Scale: ¼” = 1’ (This is the same scale as the floorplan drawing in your
notebook) Step 1 Since the stud spacing is in inches and the wall measurement is in
feet, you will need to convert the 24” O.C. stud spacing to feet so that both numbers are in the same units.
There are 12” in 1’. You will need to use division to calculate the number of feet.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Walls 59
Step 2 Before continuing, double check your answer from Step 1 by
looking at your tape measure. Now that you have the stud spacing in feet, you will need to
calculate the measurement that it will be equal to in the drawing. You know that the scale is ¼” = 1’. You will use multiplication for
this calculation. Step 3 Using your tape measure and the stud spacing measurement from
Step 2, mark out the stud positions (layout) on the drawing.
Since the hook at the end of your tape measure moves, it is more accurate to place the 1 inch mark at the beginning of the wall drawing and then mark the stud layout. Remember, you will need 2 studs right next to each other on each side of the door no matter where the regular stud layouts land.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Walls 60
Problem 2 Most builders frame walls with 16” O.C. stud spacing. At CVB we
use 24” O.C. spacing to save materials. In a 26 ft. long stud wall, how many studs will be saved by using 24”
stud spacing instead of 16”? Step 1 Let’s start by calculating the number of studs needed for 24” O.C.
spacing.
First, you will need to get both of the numbers in the calculation in the same units since the wall length is given in feet and the stud spacing is in inches.
From Problem 1, you already know how many feet are in 24”. Use division for this calculation. With this calculation, you are calculating the number of 24” spaces
there are in 26’. There is always one more stud than there are spaces. You will need to add 1 to your answer to get the correct number of studs. See example below.
24” 24” 24” 24” 24”
Example: 10 ft.
In this example, there are 5 spaces of 24” and 6 studs needed for the wall.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Walls 61
Step 2 For calculating the 16” O.C. spacing, it will be easier to convert the
wall length to inches since 12” does not divide evenly into 16”. You know that there are 12” in a foot and the wall length is 26’. Use multiplication to calculate the length of the wall in inches. Step 3 Now you have the wall length and stud spacing in inches so you
can use division to calculate the number of studs needed. If the answer is not a whole number, round your answer up to the
next whole number. Don’t forget to add 1 to the answer as in Step 1. Step 4 Now that you have the number of studs needed for 24” and 16”
O.C. spacing, you will simply use subtraction to calculate the number of studs saved by using 24” centers.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Walls 62
Extra Credit—Calculate the percentage of lumber saved.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Interior Walls 63
INTERIOR WALLS
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to install interior walls step by step, using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include cutting, laying out, & installing top & bottom tracks, orientation & installation of studs, framing door openings; cutting, joining, and installing straw wall panels.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Interior Walls 64
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to interior walls. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Metal studs and track • Straw wall panels
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 7a: Plumbing—1/3 Credit
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses
the following tools specific to electrical work
• Tubing cutter • Soldering torch • Pipe wrench • Pipe threader • Right Angel Drill • Hole saw • Level • Test balls • Tire pump • Pressure gauge
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Practices ladder safety 3. Protects flammable items
from torch flame when soldering.
4. Practices drill safety 5. Provides for proper
ventilation when soldering or using PVC cement.
• Water supply pipes
(copper) • Solder • Flux • Wastewater lines • PVC pipe • PVC primer • PVC cement • Vent stack • “P” trap • Cleanout • Slope • Teflon tape • Plumber’s putty • Plunger • Nail plate • Plumbing strap • Black iron pipe
• Low VOC cement • Concentrate wet areas
together • Central W/H location • Efficient water heater • Electric vs. Gas Appliances • Low flow fixtures ° Faucet aerators ° Toilets-1.6 GPF, Dual
flush toilet-.8-1.6 GPF ° Low flow shower head
• Rainwater catchment system • Xeriscaping • Mulch • COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating ° W3a—W/H within 20 ft. of
clothes washer & baths ° W5—Existing vegetation
retained ° W7—Turf grass<50% of
pervious cover area ° W8—Grass-Low water ° W12—Planting beds
have 6” of soil containing compost and/or Dillo Dirt
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of plumbing fixtures according to City of Austin specs
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to solder copper pipe & cement PVC connections 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to plumbing systems
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates drop in a wastewater pipe
that is 13 ft. long and slopes ¼” per ft.
• Calculates how much water is saved by using a low flow toilet compared to a high flow toilet if the toilet is flushed 10 times per day. Low flow toilet—1.6 gal. per flush. High flow toilet—3.5 gal. per flush.
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Plumbing 66
PLUMBING
Problem 1 Calculate the drop in a wastewater pipe that is 13 ft. long. The pipe
drops (slopes) ¼” for each 1 ft. of its length. Formula:
Drop = (number of inches drop per foot) x (Length of pipe) D = ¼” x (L)
1 ft. ¼” 1 ft. D
L
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Plumbing 67
Problem 2 Calculate how much water can be saved in one year by using a low
flow toilet compared to an older toilet if the toilet is flushed 10 times a day.
Low flow toilet: 1.6 gallons per flush Older toilet: 3.5 gallons per flush Step 1 Calculate how many gallons the low flow toilet uses in one day
Gallons per day = (gallons per flush) x (10 flushes per day)
Step 2 Convert the result from step 1 to gallons per week
Gallons per week = (gallons per day) x (7)
Step 3
Convert the result from step 2 to gallons per year
Gallons per year = (gallons per week) x (52)
Step 4
Repeat steps 1-3 for the older toilet
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Plumbing 68
Step 5 Subtract the total for the low flow toilet from the total for the older
toilet
Gallons saved = (Gallons used by older toilet) - (Gallons used by
low flow toilet)
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Plumbing 69
PLUMBING
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to plumbing and water use, such as:
• Having water heater close to kitchen, bathrooms & laundry • Concentrating plumbing areas together • Low flow fixtures (shower heads, faucets, toilets) • Xeriscaping • Rainwater catchment • Mulch
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 7b: Electrical – 1/3 credit
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses
the following tools specific to electrical work
• Linesman’s Pliers • Wire strippers • Flathead Screwdriver • Phillips Screwdriver • End Cutters • Conduit Bender • Right Angel Drill • Auger Bit • V.O.M. (Volt / Ohm Meter) • Nut Drivers • Utility Knife • Ladders (Non-conductive) • Stud Punch • Needle Nose Pliers • Crimpers • Side Cutters
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Practices ladder safety 3. Do not use metal ladders 4. Do not work on live circuits. 5. Wear rubber soled shoes 6. Correctly sets up and uses
right-angle drill
• Electrical Grid • Service drop • Conduit • Meter • Breaker box (Service
panel) • Breaker • Ground Rod • Ground • Romex • Single gang box • Double gang box • Wire nuts • Vinyl tape (electrical tape) • Receptacle (Outlet)
° Standard (Duplex) ° GFCI ° 240 volt
• 120 volt • 240 volt • Switch
° Standard ° 3-way
• Ohm • Volt • Ampere (amp) • Watt
• Ceiling fans
• Fluorescent lighting
• Outdoor motion detector
lights
• Solar Power
• Wind Power
• City of Austin Green Choice
Program
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
° E27—Ceiling fans
° E44—Fluorescent lamps
° E45—Outdoor motion
detector lights
° E46—Solar panels (on
some houses)
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of outlets, & switches according to City of Austin specs
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to wire an outlet, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to electrical systems
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculate the kilowatt use of a power
tool • Calculate the number and type of
appliances that can be used at one time on a 20 amp circuit
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Electrical 71
ELECTRICAL WORKSHEET
Austin Energy sells electricity by the kilowatt hour (kWH). Each light or appliance is rated in watts depending on how much power it uses. One kilowatt is equal to 1000 watts. One kilowatt hour is equal to one kilowatt of power being used for one hour. Example: One kilowatt hour is equal to having ten 100 watt light bulbs turned on for one hour.
Problem 1
Calculate kilowatt use of a power tool. Then calculate how much it will cost to run this tool for 2 hours. (Refer to the electric bill on the back of the second sheet for the cost of electricity per kilowatt hour “KWH”)
Step 1 Look on the power tool for a metal plate with specifications on it. It
will tell you the voltage (usually 120V) and either the amperage (amps) or the wattage (watts).
Step 2 If it tells you the amperage and the voltage, you need to convert
amps (A) and volts (V) to watts (W). If it tells you the wattage, skip to step 3.
Formula: W = V x A or W = VA Step 3 Once you calculate the wattage or, if it tells you the wattage, you
need to convert watts (W) to kilowatts (kW). Formula: kW = W 1000
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Electrical 72
Step 4 One kWH means that you are using 1 kW of power for one hour. Example: If you are using 2 kW of power for 3 hours, that is equal to 6 kWH (2 kW x 3 hours = 6 kWH) Formula: kW x H = kWH Step 5 To figure the cost of running the tool, just multiply the number of kWH x the cost per kWH (3 ½ cents or $.035)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Electrical 73
Problem 2 Which of these lights and appliances can be used at one time on a 20
amp circuit? a. Toaster—900 watts b. Coffee maker—550 watts c. 4 incandescent light bulbs—400 watts d. 4 fluorescent light bulbs—100 watts
(These produce the same amount of light as the incandescent bulbs)
e. Hair drier—1500 watts f. Computer—8 amps g. Television—1.5 amps
Step 1 Convert the watts to amps on the appliances and lights.
(Hint: the computer and TV are already in amps so you don’t need to do a conversion)
Formula: A = W (Hint: Volts = 120) V Step 2 After converting the watts to amps, simply add up the amp values
to get as close as possible to 20 amps without going over. If you go over 20 amps, the circuit breaker will trip which shuts off everything on that circuit.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Electrical 74
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Electrical 75
ELECTRICAL
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to wire an outlet, step by step, using correct vocabulary.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Electrical 76
2) Discuss energy efficiency issues related to electrical usage and
production such as: • Ceiling fans • Fluorescent lighting • Solar power • Wind power • City of Austin Green choice program
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 7c: Mechanical (HVAC)– 1/3 credit
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses
the following tools specific to mechanical work
• Vacuum pump • Soldering torch • Tubing cutter • Tin snips • Nut driver • Duct board knife
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Practices ladder safety 3. Wears gloves and dust
mask when handling duct board
4. Wears gloves when cutting
sheet metal 5. Safely operates soldering
torch • protects area from
flame • provides for adequate
ventilation
• Air handler • Condenser • Condensate drain • Compressor • Furnace • Flue pipe • Plenum • Duct board • Duct—flex of rigid • Boot • Duct tape • Mastic • Register • Return air • Thermal envelope • Programmable thermostat • HVAC filter
• Programmable thermostat • High SEER (Seasonal
Energy Efficiency Rating) A/C unit
• Whole house fan • Exhaust fans in bath,
laundry, & kitchen • Ducts in conditioned space • Optimal placement of
compressor unit • Properly seal ducts and
boots • Clean or replace filter
regularly • COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating ° H7—Exhaust fans in
baths, kitchen & laundry ° H8—Bath fans connected
to timer ° E4—600 ft2/ton of cooling ° E12—HVAC unit within
thermal envelope ° E13—Ductwork within
thermal envelope ° E27—Ceiling fans in all
main rooms & bedrooms ° E28—13 SEER A/C unit ° E31—Programmable
thermostat ° E34—Ducts cut to exact
length & no turns over 90 degrees
° E35—Ducts sealed with approved mastic
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of ducts & registers according to City of Austin specs
• Journal—Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to mechanical systems
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates area of all windows in
square feet (ft2) • Calculates volume (in cubic feet) of
interior of house 3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Mechanical 78
MECHANICAL
The mechanical contractor uses a book called Manual J to calculate the size of A/C system to put on a house. The more energy efficient the house is, the smaller the system can be which uses less electricity and costs lees money to operate every month. Some of the factors in Manual J are:
1) Combined area of all windows in square feet (ft2) 2) Volume of air inside the house in cubic feet (ft3) 3) Amount of insulation in walls, roof & attic 4) Is the ductwork inside the conditioned space or in the attic? 5) Amount of window shading
Problem 1 Calculate the combined area of all of the windows in square feet (ft2). Formula: Area = width x height or A = wh Step 1 Using the blueprints (including the window schedule), find the sizes of all of the windows and how many there are of each size. On the floor plan, next to each window there are numbers designating the size. Example: 5036. This tells you the width and height of the window. This window is 5’ 0” wide and 3’ 6” high. To find the Area, you multiply 5’ x 3’ 6” (or 3.5’) Many of the windows are the same size so once you calculate the area of a window you can multiply that answer by the number of windows you have at that size.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Mechanical 79
Size Area (ft2) How Many Total (ft2)
Window
Window
Window
Window
Window
Window
Total area of windows
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Mechanical 80
Problem 2 Calculate the volume of air inside the house in cubic feet. Formula: Volume = length x width x height OR V = lwh
40 ft. 8 ft. 32 ft.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Mechanical 81
MECHANICAL
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to mechanical systems such as:
1) Ductwork in the conditioned space (inside the house)
instead of in the attic. 2) High SEER A/C unit 3) Programmable thermostat 4) Whole house fan 5) Properly seal ducts and boots
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 8: Drywall & Texture--2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses
the following tools specific to drywall
• T-square • Utility knife • Drywall screw gun • Air compressor • Texture gun & hopper • Rasp • Keyhole saw • Drywall saw • Drywall router
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Correctly sets up & uses
ladder & scaffolding 3. Keeps hands clear of knife
to safely cut drywall. 4. Uses teamwork &
communicates clearly with crew in lifting & installing drywall
5. Wears safety glasses &
dust mask when using drywall router
6. Wears safety glasses when
using screw gun 7. Wears safety glasses when
using texture gun 8. Protects electrical wires
from damage when using drywall router on electrical boxes
• ½” drywall (walls) • 5/8” drywall (type X,
ceiling) • Green board (wet areas) • Tapered edge • Square edge • Drywall clip • Type “W” drywall screw
(wood) • Type “S” drywall screw
(metal) • Mud ring • Corner bead • Tape & float • Joint compound • Splatter finish
• Adjust framing layout to
minimize cutting drywall
• Efficient use of materials to
minimize waste
• Leave last stud off of “T”
partition walls—allows
drywall to run past on
exterior walls
• Drywall clip—reduces lumber
usage & drywall cracking
• Separate drywall scraps from
other trash & place in yard
as a soil additive
• Recycled content drywall
• City of Austin Green Bldg. Program Residential Rating
° M22—Excess bldg. materials are reused
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine; 1) Placement of green board 2) Location of electrical boxes so that none are covered with drywall
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to measure, cut, & install drywall, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient issues related to drywall
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculate how many 4’ x 8’ sheets of
drywall are needed to cover a wall 8’ tall x 14’ wide
• Calculate how many sheets of drywall are needed to cover the walls & ceiling in the master bedroom
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Drywall 83
D R Y W A L L
Problem 1 How many sheets of drywall (4 ft. x 8 ft.) are needed to cover a wall, that
is 8 ft. high and 14 ft. long?
(Height) 8 ft.
14 ft. (Length)
Step 1
Calculate the area of the wall in square feet (ft.2).
Formula: Area = Length x Height OR A = LH
Step 2
Calculate the area of a sheet of drywall, in ft.2, that is 4 ft. wide & 8
ft. long. For a flat sheet of drywall, we will use the term width
instead of height. The formula stays basically the same.
Formula: Area = Length x width OR A = LW
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Drywall 84
Step 3
Calculate the number of sheets of drywall needed to cover the 8 ft. x 14 ft.
wall. Formula: Number of sheets = Area of wall
Area of 1 sheet
4 ft. 8 ft.
88 f8 ft. ft.
14 ft.
Problem 2
Calculate the number of sheets of drywall needed to cover the master
bedroom including walls and ceiling.
Step 1
Add up the length of all walls to be covered including closets. (Instead of
figuring the area of each wall separately, it is faster to add up the lengths
and treat it as one long wall.
8 ft. 4 ft.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Drywall 85
Step 2 Calculate the area of the walls. Formula: Area = Length x height (Hint: h = 8 ft.)
Step 3 Using the result from step 2, calculate the number of sheets needed to
cover the walls. (Hint: refer to question 1, steps 2 & 3)
Step 4 Using the same steps and formula, calculate the number of ceiling sheets
needed to cover the ceiling. (Hints: w is not 8 ft. in this calculation. Use
the blueprints to get the length and width of the room) Remember that the
ceiling drywall and wall drywall are different thicknesses so don’t add the
numbers from the walls and ceiling together.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Drywall 86
DRYWALL
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to measure, cut and install a sheet of drywall, step by step, using correct vocabulary.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Drywall 87
2) Discuss resource efficiency issues related to drywall such as: • Using 10’ or 12’ sheets instead of all 8’ sheets • Spacing last stud on interior walls away from exterior wall • Reusing off-cut pieces • Using drywall clips • Is drywall a sustainable product?
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Drywall 88
3) Compare and contrast drywall with alternative materials such as: • Plaster • Straw wall panels
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 9: Porches, Stairs & Ramp--1 credit
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to interior walls
• Framing square • Jig saw • Hammer drill
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Blocks off stairs and ramp
while they are under construction
3. Does not leave tools or
materials on stairs 4. Safely sets up and uses
hammer drill
• Porch beam • Treated lumber • Crown • Porch post • Rough cedar • Post base
o Wet set o Surface mount
• Wedge anchor • Joist • Flashing • Joist hanger • Fasteners
o Joist hanger nails o 12d spiral galv. nails o Coated deck screws o Carriage bolt
• Lumber sizes o 2 x 2 o 2 x 8 o 2 x 10 o 2 x 12 o 4 x 4 rough cedar
• Composite lumber • Stairs
o Stringer o Tread o Riser o Kick plate
• Railing o Top rail o Bottom rail o Baluster o 4” x 4” Galv. wire
panel
• Composite lumber with
recycled plastic content
• Non-arsenic treated
lumber
• City of Austin Green Bldg.
Prog. Residential Rating
(Refer to rating sheet)
° E5, E6 & C1—
Covered porch
° M10—Composite
lumber
° H14—No CCA
treated lumber used
° H22—Wood to
concrete connections
separated by metal
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement of interior walls • Journal—1) Explains in writing how
to construct porch stairs, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to porches and ramps
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates the number of steps and
the rise for each step if the porch is 58” higher than the landing
• Calculates rise of a ramp 45 ft. long with a 1:8 slope
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING / DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Porches, Stairs, and Ramps 90
PORCHES, STAIRS & RAMP
Problem 1 Calculate the number of steps and the rise of each step if the
porch is 58” higher than the landing. Step 1 Calculate the approximate number of steps. To do this, divide 7”
(this is the average height of one step) into 58”. Round to the nearest whole number.
Porch 58” Landing Step 2 Take the result from step 1 and divide this into 58”. According to
the building code, the height of each step cannot be more than 7 ¾” tall. If the result from step 2 is more than 7 ¾”, you will need to add one more step which will reduce the height of all of the steps. If the result from step 2 is less than 7 ¾”, you are done.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Porches, Stairs, and Ramps 91
Problem 2 Calculate the rise of a ramp that is 45 ft. long if it has a slope of 1:8.
A 1:8 slope means that for every 8” you go horizontally (run), you rise 1”.
8 in.
1 in. rise
45 ft. (run)
Step 1 Since you know that the rise is 1” for every 8” horizontally, you can
calculate how much rise you will have in 12” (1 ft.). To do this, change the 1:8 to a fraction. When calculating a slope you always put the rise over the run.
1” 8” Step 2 Next, you will make the 1” over 8” equal to a number ( x) over 12”.
Then you can solve for x. Start by cross multiplying and then divide to solve for x.
1” = x” 8” 12”
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Porches, Stairs, and Ramps 92
Step 3 The result from step 2 tells you how much the ramp rises for every
1 ft. you go horizontally. To calculate the rise for the entire ramp, take the result from step 2 and multiply it by 45 ft.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Porches, Stairs, and Ramps 93
PORCHES, STAIRS & RAMP
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations) 1) Explain how to construct a set of stairs, step by step, using correct vocabulary.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Porches, Stairs, and Ramps 94
2) Discuss energy and resource efficient elements related to porches, stairs and ramps such as: • Composite lumber • Non-arsenic treated lumber • Covered porch
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 10: Interior Trim & Paint--2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to mechanical work
Interior Trim • Miter saw • Jig saw (saber saw) • Nail set • Air compressor (Drain
tank daily) • Finish nailer (Oil gun
daily)
Tile • Tile cutter • Rod saw • Tile nippers • Notched trowel • Grout float
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Correctly sets up & uses
miter saw & jig saw 3. Wears safety glasses when
painting ceiling 4. Practices nail gun safety
• Wears safety glasses • Disconnects gun from
air hose when loading nails
• Keeps hand 4” or more away from tip of gun when nail fires
5. Wears safety glasses when
cutting tile 6. Reviews paint sprayer
safety issues in Trainer Manual before operating sprayer
• Trim
° Baseboard ° Door casing ° Window stool ° Apron ° Closet shelf ° Shelf/rod bracket ° Cleat
• Door ° Prehung door ° Door jamb ° Threshold ° Right/left hand swing ° Bifold door ° Solid/hollow core ° Interior/exterior doors
• Paint ° Latex (water based) ° Primer—Drywall,
wood ° Top coat—Flat, satin,
semi-gloss • Caulk (latex) • Interior spackle • Sand paper—coarse, fine • Door hardware
° Privacy/passage knob ° Dead bolt
• Hollow wall anchors • Weather-stripping • Ceramic tile
° Field & trim tiles ° Mastic ° Grout ° Tub & tile caulk
• Finger-jointed trim & door
jambs
• Paint
o Latex
o Zero VOC
• Medite II
• Hard board interior doors
• Metal clad, insulated
exterior doors
• COA Green Bldg. Prog.
Residential Rating
° M13-Finger jointed
trim & MDF shelves
° H9b-Zero VOC paint
° M15—50% of flooring
is durable material
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine size & swing of interior & exterior doors
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to hang an interior door step by step using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to interior trim & paint
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Measures to the nearest 1/16”. • Using the blueprints, do a take-off of
the baseboard needed for one room in the house
• Calculates number of gallons of paint needed to cover walls & ceiling of a room that is 10’ x 11’ 6” and 8’ tall with 2 coats of paint.
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Trim 96
INTERIOR TRIM & PAINT
When measuring short lengths with a tape measure, it is difficult to get an accurate measurement because the hook on the tape moves back and forth. To make this easier, you can use a method called “burning and inch” which means that you put the 1 inch mark at the beginning of the line instead of the hook. Then you simply subtract one inch from your answer. Example
5 1/8” – 1” = 4 1/8” Problems Using your tape, measure the following lines using the method described above to the nearest 1/8”. 1) 2)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Trim 97
3) 4) For problems 5-8, measure to the nearest 1/16”. Have your Trainer or Peer Trainer draw the lines for you. 5) 6) 7) 8)
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Trim 98
Problem 9 Using the blueprints, do a takeoff of the baseboard needed for one room in the house.
Step 1 Measure the lengths of all the walls in the room to the nearest inch. Step 2 Add up the just the feet for all of the measurements. Step 3 Add up the inches for all the measurements and convert this
number to feet. Since there are 12 inches in a foot, divide the number of inches by 12 to convert to feet.
Step 4 Add the totals from Steps 2 & 3 to get the total amount of
baseboard needed for the room.
Problem 10 Calculate the number of gallons of paint needed to cover the walls and ceiling of a bedroom that is 10’ wide, 11’-6” long and 8' tall with 2 coats
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Trim 99
of paint. Each gallon of paint will cover 400 square feet (ft2). Remember, when you are multiplying feet x feet, your answer will be in square feet (ft2). Wall 1 Wall 4 Wall 2 Wall 3
Step 1 Calculate the area of wall 1.
Formula: Area = Width x Height A = W x H Step 2 Using the same formula, calculate the area of walls 2,3 & 4
Hint: Walls 1 & 3 are the same size and walls 2 & 4 are the same size.
8’
11’ 6” 10’ 0” Floor
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Trim 100
Step 3
Calculate the area of the ceiling. Hint: The dimensions of the ceiling are the same as for the floor. Formula: Area = Length x Width A = L x W
Step 4 Calculate the total square footage to be painted. Remember to
multiply the total by 2 for 2 coats of paint. Add up the totals from steps 1-3 and multiply that total by 2.
Step 5 Calculate the number of gallons of paint needed for the room.
Since each gallon covers 400 ft2, divide 400 ft2 into the total number of square feet from step 4.
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Interior Trim 101
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Interior Trim 102
INTERIOR TRIM & PAINT
Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations.
1) Explain how to measure, cut and install baseboard step by step using correct vocabulary.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Interior Trim 103
2) Discuss energy and resource efficient elements related to interior trim and paint such as:
• Hardboard doors • Medite II MDF • Zero V.O.C. paint • Finger jointed trim & door jambs
Notes, solutions, ideas:
Phase 11: Concrete Flatwork--2 credits
Tools
Safety Vocabulary / Materials
Energy / Resource Efficient Elements
Academic + Thinking Skills
1. Maintains & safely uses all
Level I tools 2. Maintains & safely uses the
following tools specific to flatwork
• Metal cutting chop saw • Bolt cutters • Rubber boots • Rubber gloves • Screed board • Bull float • Mag float • Edger • Broom
1. Practices all Level I safety
measures & independently uses Level I safety equipment appropriately
2. Wears eye & ear protection
& protects area from sparks when cutting with chop saw
3. Protects eyes & skin from
contact with wet concrete 4. Rinses skin with vinegar
after contact with concrete 5. Cleans all nails and screws
from form lumber as it is removed
• Driveway approach • Curb • Gutter • Asphalt • Form boards • Stake • Rebar • Expansion joint • Wire mesh 6” x 6” • Smooth dowel • Stair landing • A/C pad • Impervious cover • Broom finish • Vinegar
• Fly ash
• Rebar
• Reuse stakes & form boards
• Stepping stones
• Paver brick driveway
• COA Green Bldg Program
Residential Rating
° W9—Pervious Paving
1. READING / WRITING • Reads and interprets blueprints to
determine placement on site of driveway & approach
• Journal—1) Explains in writing how to construct a driveway, step by step, using correct vocabulary 2) Completes a journal entry explaining energy & resource efficient elements related to flatwork
2. MATH (See worksheet) • Calculates the area of the main part
of the driveway, not including the approach
• Calculates the volume of concrete needed for the main part of the driveway
3. SPEAKING/LISTENING • Communicates effectively with trainer
& peers using correct construction vocabulary
• Follows oral & written directions 4. KNOWING HOW TO LEARN • Asks clarifying questions to ensure
successful completion of task • Carefully observes worksite
demonstration & applies to appropriate task
5. REASONING • Journal—Compares & contrasts
materials from Energy & Resource Efficient Elements section with other commonly used materials
6. PROBLEM SOLVING /DECISION MAKING
• Recognizes errors in construction procedures & corrects problems
• Considers options & risks when problems arise; evaluates & chooses best alternatives
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Flatwork 105
CONCRETE FLATWORK
Problem 1
Calculate the area in square feet (ft2) of the main part of the driveway (not including the approach).
Formula: Area = length x width OR A = lw
Step 1
Get the dimensions (length and width) of the driveway either by looking at the blueprints or asking the trainer.
Length = Width =
Step 2
Multiply the length x the width. Remember, since you are multiplying ft. x ft., your answer will be in square feet (ft2).
Problem 2
Calculate the volume of concrete, in cubic yards (yd3), needed for the main area of the driveway, not including the approach.
Formula: Volume = length x width x thickness (or height)
OR
V = lwt
Step 1
Notice that the first part of the formula is the same as for problem 1 so you already have the total ft2 for length x width. Just substitute this into the formula.
Formula: V = (driveway Area in ft2) x thickness
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Flatwork 106
Step 2
Find the thickness of the driveway (ask the trainer) Thickness =
Step 3
Make sure all of your units are the same. The length, width and thickness must all be in the same units; either in feet or in inches. You cannot multiply ft x ft x inches or the answer will not be correct. Since the answer from problem 1 is already in ft., it is easier to convert the thickness into feet also. To do this, just divide the number of inches in the thickness by 12 (there are 12 inches in a foot)
Formula: Thickness (in feet) = Thickness (in inches) 12 inches / foot
Example: If your thickness is 8 inches, just plug 8” into the formula
Thickness (ft) = 8 inches 12 inches/foot
Since you have inches on the top & bottom of the equation, you can cancel them both out and your answer will be in feet.
Thickness = 8 12 ft.
Next, you need to convert this fraction to a decimal so that it will be easier to multiply by the answer from problem 1
.66 ft. 12 8.00 72 80 72 8
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Flatwork 107
Step 4
Now multiply the Area of the driveway (result from problem 1) which is in ft2 by the thickness of concrete in feet. Since you are multiplying ft2 x ft, the result will be in ft3
Step 5
The next step is to convert the cubic feet of concrete (result from step 4) which is in ft3 to cubic yards (yd3).
First you need to calculate the number of ft3 in a yd3. 1 yard = 3 feet
Remember the volume formula from the beginning of problem 2. Use this same formula for the volume of a cubic yard V = length x width x height Think of a cubic yard as a box that is 3 ft long, 3 ft wide and 3 ft high
1 cubic yard (yd3)
Each of the smaller boxes is 1 ft3
Mastery Certificate — Worksheet
Flatwork 108
Step 6
Now you convert your result from Step 4 to cubic yards (yd3)
Formula:
cubic yards of concrete = Cubic ft for driveway (ft3) needed for driveway Cubic ft in a cubic yard (ft3/yd3)
Since you have ft3 on the top and bottom of the equation, you can cancel both of them and your answer will be in cubic yards (yd3).
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Flatwork 109
CONCRETE FLATWORK
(Feel free to draw pictures to help with your explanations)
1) Explain how to form up and pour a driveway, step by step, using correct vocabulary. Be sure to include curb cut, digging & trenching, formwork and reinforcing.
Mastery Certificate — Journal Exercise
Flatwork 110
2) Discuss Energy and Resource Efficient Elements related to flatwork. Compare and contrast these elements with other commonly used materials and methods.
Including: • Fly ash • Rebar • Reuse of formwork • Stepping stones • Paver brick driveway
Notes, solutions, ideas:
2006 Service Year January February March April
S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 3 7 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1
8 ∂ 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7
15 21 12 $ 14 15 16 17 18 12 $ 18 9 $ 11 12 13 15
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
29 $ 31 26 $ 28 26 $ 28 29 30 31 23 $ 25 26 27 28 29
May June July August S M T W T S S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S
1 2 3 4 6 1 2 3 1 2 3 5
7 $ 9 10 11 12 13 4 $ 6 7 8 9 10 2 $ 8 6 7 8 9 10 12
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 Ω 17 9 10 11 12 13 15 13 $ 15 16 17 19
21 $ 23 24 25 26 27 18 $ 24 16 $ 18 19 20 22 20 21 22 23 24 26
28 30 31 25 ∂ 23 24 25 26 27 29 27 $ 29 30 31
September October November August S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S
2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 1 2
3 5 6 7 8 9 8 $ 10 11 12 13 14 5 $ 7 8 9 10 11 3 $ 5 6 Ω 9
10 $ 12 13 14 16 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 Ω 16 17 18 10 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 22 $ 24 25 26 27 28 19 $ 25 17 $ 23
24 $ 26 27 28 29 30 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 24 30 ∂ Begin 1700 and 900 hr terms of service (Jan 9, Jun 26) Ω End 1700 and 900 hr terms of service (Jun 15, Nov 15, Dec 7)
Pre-service orientation periods (Jan 9-20; Jun 26-Jul 7) AmeriCorps Saturday Service days
$ Stipend check days (4:40 PM South campus) Break, Holidays (Pledge Day, Presidents Day, Spring Break, Good Friday, Cinco De Mayo, Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Texas Heat Days, Labor Day, Diez y Seis,
Thanksgiving Break Graduation