mark 14.1-11 handout
TRANSCRIPT
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Nick Elder
Mark 4.1-11: Anointing the Passion Narrative
The Iliff School of Theology
10.24.2011
PassionNarrativeProperIntroductoryRemarks
-Occupies15%ofGospelTradition
-IssuesofHistoricalReliability(EspeciallyinregardstoOTallusions/quotations)
-JohannineParallelsargueforcommonPassionNarrativeUrtext
TheFormCriticalIssue
AHistoryoftheDebate
-BeginswiththeClassicalFormCritics(Dibelius,Bultmann,Schenke)-In1970EtaLinnemannfirstarguesforMarkanCompositionoratleastsomeform
ofMarkanComposition
-1976Kelber,etalpublishThePassionInMarkwhichisaratherconvincingwork
whichfurtherstheMarkanCompositionThesis
-AfterRudolfPesch(1979)theconsensusofscholarshiphasmostlybeentheform
criticsside
-Collins:ItislikelythatMarkusedawrittensourceincomposinghispassion
narrativebutthatthesourcewasatransitionaltext(betweenoralandliterary
productionandperformance)andwasprobablydiscardedeventually(Mark,
625)
WhatsatStake?
-AnumberofMarkanthemescometoaheadinthePassionNarrative:passionChristology,mealChristology,titularChristology,MessianicSecret,Temple
theology,KingdomEschatology,discipleshipfailure,Petrineopposition,anti-
Jerusalemtheme,Galileanthesis,theleitmotifGospel,Christological/Eschatologicalundercurrent
-Whatdoesthissayinregardstocomposition?
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QuestionsAfterReadingChapter14:
Whatdoesitdowhenweread14.1-2;12-16asoneunit? Whatdoesitdowhenweread3-9asasinglepericope? Whenwereaditalltogether?
WhythisAnointingInterruption? Heightenssuspense ContrastJudasTreacherywiththeWomansFaith
AnointingJesus(IntertextuallyandOtherwise)Option#1:MessianicAnointing
-Leviticus8.10-12(renderedfromtheHebrew )LXX:
Lev 8.10
Lev 8.11 .
Lev 8.12 .
NRSV:
Lev8.10ThenMosestooktheanointingoil
andanointedthetabernacleandallthatwa
it,andconsecratedthem.Lev8.11Hesprinkledsomeofitonthealtarseventimes,andanointedthealtarandalli
utensils,andthebasinanditsbase,to
consecratethem.
Lev8.12Hepouredsomeoftheanointingo
onAaronsheadandanointedhim,toconsecratehim.
-Psalm132.2LXX(133.2MTandNRSV)(renderedfromtheHebrew )Ps 132.2 ,,
Ps133.2Itislikethepreciousoilonthe
head,runningdownuponthebeard,
onthebeardofAaron,runningdown
overthecollarofhisrobes.
-SongofSongs1.3-4(cf2.5,4.10)(renderedfromtheHebrew )Song 1.3 , .
,Song 1.4 , . ., .
Song1.3 youranointingoilsarefragrant,yournameisperfumepoured
out;thereforethemaidensloveyou.Song1.4Drawmeafteryou,letusmake
haste.Thekinghasbroughtmeintohis
chambers.Wewillexultandrejoicein
you;wewillextolyourlovemorethan
wine;rightlydotheyloveyou.
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Option#2:JesusAnointedforthePassoverFeast
Amos6.4-7(MTisrendered )
LXXAmos 6.4 ,Amos 6.5 Amos 6.6 .Amos 6.7 , .
NRSVAmos6.4Alasforthosewholieonbeds
ofivory,andloungeontheircouches,andeatlambsfromtheflock,andcalves
fromthestall;
Amos6.5whosingidlesongstothe
soundoftheharp,andlikeDavid
improviseoninstrumentsofmusic;Amos6.6whodrinkwinefrombowls,
andanointthemselveswiththefinest
oils,
butarenotgrievedovertheruinofJoseph!
Amos6.7Thereforetheyshallnowbe
thefirsttogointoexile,andtherevelry
oftheloungersshallpassaway.
Psalm22.5LXX(23.5MT)(MTisrendered )LXX
Ps 22.5
, .
NRSV
Ps23.5Youprepareatablebeforeme
inthepresenceofmyenemies;youanointmyheadwithoil;mycup
overflows.
Isa.25.6-7(MTisrendered )LXX
Isa 25.6 . , , .Isa 25.7
.
Isa25.6OnthismountaintheLORDof
hostswillmakeforallpeoples
afeastofrichfood,afeastofwell-agedwines,ofrichfoodfilledwithmarrow,of
well-agedwinesstrainedclear.
Isa25.7Andhewilldestroyonthis
mountaintheshroudthatiscastoverall
peoples,thesheetthatisspreadoverallnations;hewillswallowupdeath
forever.
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Option#3:JesusAnointedforDeath/Burial
2Chronicles16.13-14
LXX
2 Chr 16.13
,2 Chr 16.14 , , .
NRSV
2Chr16.13ThenAsasleptwithhis
ancestors,dyingintheforty-firstyearof
hisreign.2Chr16.14Theyburiedhiminthetombthathehadhewnoutforhimselfinthe
cityofDavid.Theylaidhimonabierthat
hadbeenfilledwithvariouskindsof
spicespreparedbytheperfumersart;
andtheymadeaverygreatfireinhis
honor.
Luke23.56
NA27
Luke 23.56 . .
NRSV
Luke23.56Thentheyreturned,andpreparedspicesandointments.Onthesabbaththeyrestedaccordingtothe
commandment.
-ArgumentfromSocialCriticismthatJesusmusthavebeenanointedinregardstohonor/shameandMediterraneanburialpractices
-Explainswhythebottlewasbroke-tocoverJesuswholebody
-Explicitin14.8andtheparalleltextofMatthew25.6-13
QuestionsConcerningIntertextuality: Howmuchverbalresonanceisnecessarytoinfera
allusionary/intertextualrelationship?
Doesanyofthethreeapproachesstretchtheboundsofallusion? Whichbackdropismostconvincingtoyou?Why?
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ComparingMark14.3-9andJohn12.2-8
NA27Mark 14.3 ,
, .Mark 14.4 ;Mark 14.5
.Mark 14.6 ;.
Mark 14.7 , .Mark 14.8 .Mark 14.9
, , .
NA27
John 12.2 , ,
.John 12.3 .
John 12.4 [] , John 12.5 ;John 12.6
, .John 12.7 , John 12.8 , .
Harmony
Mark14.3Whilehewas
atBethanyinthehouseof
Simontheleper,ashesat
atthetable,awomancamewithanalabasterjarofverycostly
ointmentofnard,andshe
brokeopenthejarand
pouredtheointmenton
hishead.
Mark14.4Butsomewere
therewhosaidtoone
anotherinanger,Why
wastheointmentwasted
inthisway?Mark14.5Forthisointmentcouldhavebeen
soldformorethanthreehundreddenarii,andthe
moneygiventothepoor.
Andtheyscoldedher.Mark14.6ButJesussaid,
Letheralone;whydo
youtroubleher?Shehas
performedagoodservice
forme.Mark14.7Foryoualways
havethepoorwithyou,
andyoucanshow
kindnesstothem
wheneveryouwish;but
youwillnotalwayshave
me.
Mark14.8Shehasdonewhatshecould;shehas
anointedmybody
beforehandforitsburial.Mark14.9TrulyItellyou,
whereverthegoodnewsisproclaimedinthe
wholeworld,whatshe
hasdonewillbetoldin
remembranceofher.
Harmony
John12.2Theretheyga
adinnerforhim.Marth
served,andLazaruswa
oneofthoseatthetablewithhim.John12.3Marytooka
poundofcostlyperfum
madeofpurenard,
anointedJesusfeet,and
wipedthemwithherha
Thehousewasfilledwi
thefragranceofthe
perfume.
John12.4ButJudas
Iscariot,oneofhisdisciples(theonewhowasabouttobetrayhim
said,John12.5Whywasthi
perfumenotsoldforth
hundreddenariiandthmoneygiventothepoo
John12.6(Hesaidthis
becausehecaredabout
thepoor,butbecauseh
wasathief;hekeptthecommonpurseanduse
tostealwhatwasputin
it.)
John12.7Jesussaid,
Leaveheralone.She
boughtitsothatshemi
keepitforthedayofm
burial.John12.8Youalwaysh
thepoorwithyou,buty
donotalwayshaveme.
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-Very probably, the earliest tradition was that Jesus had been buried anointed, like acommon criminal, dishonorably, by night. This tradition was unbearable to believers.
(David Daube, The New Testament and Rabbinic Judaism, 314.)-Bottle is broken with the inference that the oil covers Jesus whole body. (Daube,New
Testament, 315)
-a good work is a technical for almsgiving, putting up strangers, visiting the sick,burying the dead, and the like (Daube,New Testament, 315)-In Mark the incident takes place after the entry into Jerusalem and very near Passover-
as near the actual burial as possible. (Daube,New Testament, 315)
MyThesis
Markisheavilyindebtedtotheoraltraditionsusedinliturgicalsettingsin
formulatinghisPassionNarrative,ofwhich14.3-9wasnotoriginallyapart.This
pericopeispartoftheMarkantextforthepurposeofdemonstratingJesuscoming
actioninhissufferinganddeath.Itfunctionssociallyinregardstoburialtraditions,messianicallyinregardstoanointingofthemessiahinSeptuagintaltexts,and
providesaseamlesstransitiontothePassoverFeasttotakeplacefollowingin
chapter14.
Bibliography
Collins,AdelaYarbro.TheBeginningoftheGospel:ProbingsofMarkinContext.
Minneapolis:FortressPress,1992.
Collins,AdelaYarbro.Mark:ACommentary.Hermeneia.Minneapolis:FortressPress,
2007.
Donahue,JohnR.andDanielJ.Harrington,eds.TheGospelofMark.SacraPagina2.
Collegeville,MN:TheLiturgicalPress,2002.
Daube,David.TheNewTestamentandRabbinicJudaism.London:TheUniversityof
LondonPress,1956.
Kelber,WernerH.ThePassioninMark:StudiesonMark14-16.Philadelphia:Fortress
Press,1976.