march 10th-11th gambling kte policy forum · • ipsos mori study in the u.k. found • 15% of...
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Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 10th-11th 2016
Hosted by
Social casino gaming and problem gambling:
Is protection/regulation required?Jeffrey Derevensky
McGill University
International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High-Risk Behaviors
www.youthgambling.com
March , 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
The Millennials
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
So what’s so different???
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Technologically sophisticated
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Convergence of social media
sites and gambling
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Casino type games have become the
most popular social gaming genre
• In 2010, 338 applications that allowed wagering using
virtual credits were found on Facebook (Korn et al.,
2010)
• Top 5 Facebook casino games attract almost 50
million active monthly users
• Zynga Poker alone attracts 34.8 million monthly
players; 6.8 million daily players
• Of the top ten grossing iPhone apps in the US, three
are currently casino games - Slotomania, Zynga
Poker, and Texas Hold’em Poker
• Social media games are the new darling; their
corporations are the most sought after by gambling
companies
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Social media simulated “gambling”
games originally played for virtual
money are now being played for real
money
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Convergence of Social Media &
Gambling• Poker/card games
• Casino games
• Sports wagering
• Reality shows
• Celebrity adoptions, arrests, etc.
• Any form of contest/Political race
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Internet gambling without
money: A few examples
This website does not permit players to wager real money. Chips in players' accounts have no
monetary value, and cannot be exchanged for anything of value. Any and all references in the
website to "pots," "limits", "betting” or the like are solely for instructional or illustrative purposes and do
not involve wagering real money.
Practice sites
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
ZyngaPlusCasino brings players more than 160 slots
games and a variety of table games including
Blackjack, Roulette, Baccarat and Video Poker as well
as the first-ever FarmVille-themed slots game.
“This is just the beginning for us” and that its long-term
vision is “to offer our players the next generation of real
money games on multiple platforms in regulated
markets worldwide.”
The company also claims players have been asking for
real-money games and it is simply giving them what
they want.
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• DoubleDown has more than 6 million players
• Survey of casual players (N=10,000)
• 25% indicated casino games are unique amongst other games
• 19% reported wanting the look and feel of a real casino increases entertainment value
• Player prioritize load times, gaming quality, graphics and variety
• 31% preferred slot games; especially those found in casinos
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Is this a problem: Some empirical
evidence
Frequency of Play on Internet Gambling Sites Without Money
in the Past 12 Months by Gambling Severity
(McBride & Derevensky, 2006)
N = 2205 Internet
Gambling
Without Money1
(n = 1082)
Internet
Gambling
With Money1
(n=183)
Gambling Groups***
Non Gambler n = 726 33.9 0
Social Gambler n = 1278 56.6 9.5
At-Risk Gambler n = 129 74.4 21.6
Probable
Pathological Gamblern = 72 80.6 34.7
Total 49.1 8.0*
Age of Onset for Internet Gambling Without Money
by Gambling Severity
1Percentage. Gambling Groups are based on DSM-IV and DSM-IV-MR scores.aDSM-IV score (0-2); DSM-IV-MR-J score (0-1). bDSM-IV score (3-4); DSM-IV-MR-J score (2-3). cDSM-IV score ( ≥5); DSM-IV-MR-J score (≥4). ***p<.001.
Gambling Groups1
Social
Gamblera
(n = 1333)
At-Risk
Gamblerb
(n = 138)
Probable
Pathologica
l
Gamblerc
(n = 72)
Age***
Under 10
years4.4 13.1 16.9
10-11 years 8.8 10.9 16.9
12-13 years 15.2 19.0 25.4
14-15 years 17.2 15.3 15.5
16-17 years 9.1 7.3 2.8
Over 18 years 2.8 0.7 2.8
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Another study (Meerkamper, 2010)
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Past-Year Gambling Participation (On and Off the Internet) by Gender and Problem Gambling Severity among college students (McBride & Derevensky, 2013)
N Offline gambling Practice sites Internet gambling
Gender***
Male 305 66.2 49.8 11.8 (90)
Female 160 46.9 30.0 0.6 (90)
Problem Gambling
Severity
Non gambler a 186 - 22.0 (90)*** -
Social gambler b 262 99.2 55.3 (90)*** 11.8 (90)**
Problem gambler c 17 100 82.4 (90)*** 35.3 (90)**
Total 465 59.6 (90) 43.0 (90) 8.0 (90)
1Percentage, participant numbers in parentheses.aDSM-IV score = 0, no gambling activity (on or off the Internet) in the past 12 months.bDSM-IV score (0 - 2).cDSM-IV score (≥ 3).***p < .001** p < .01
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Student-Athletes Reporting Playing Any
Simulated Gambling Activity (Past Year)(Paskus & Derevensky, 2013)
2012 Study
Males 28.1%
Females 10.2%
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• Perceptions
• 68% of young people report winning is
easy
• 60% report probability of winning is high
• 81% gambling can make you rich
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Facts & Concerns
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• Gambling sites permitting playing without money have been shown to• have differential payout rates
• represent training ground for future players
• Much social media gambling incorporates videogame technology
• Social gaming sites remain unregulated, have few age prohibitions, and provide indirect marketing to consumers
• Recent studies suggest young male adults are more likely to engage in both simulated gambling and actual Internet gambling
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• Playing on Internet gambling sites without money is a common practice amongst adolescents and young adults
• At-Risk and PPGs play on Internet with and without money more often than non-gamblers and social gamblers
• Regulation would change the face of the industry
• Online gambling and social gambling business models are essentially identical (Morgan Stanley Report, 2012)
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• There is concern “that with many gambling simulations is how the odds are often geared to benefit the players, which may provide a false impression of the ease of winning.” (Australian Government Review of the Interactive Gambling Act, 2012).
• Gambling operators are continuing to expand into social gambling
• Ipsos MORI study in the U.K. found • 15% of children (age 11-15) played simulated
gambling sites during past week
• 51% of children playing these games gambled for real money compared to 18% who had not played
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• Engagement with social casinos games has been found to be a risk factor for increased gambling (Kim, Wohl, Salmon, Gupta & Derevensky, 2015; Gainsbury, King, Delfabbro, Hing, Russell, Blaszczynski & Derevensky, 2015).
• Individuals who played these games for connecting with other players or to build skill were more likely to gamble (Hollingshead, Kim, Wohl & Derevensky, in press).
• 26% of social casino gamers who never gambled migrated to online gambling 6 months later (Kim, Wohl, Salmon, Gupta & Derevensky, 2015).
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• Social casino gaming sites might require monitoring (Derevensky & Gainsbury, 2015)
• Advertising these sites seems to promote play among moderate to severe problem gamblers (Gainsbury, King, Russell, Delfabbro, Derevensky & Hing (in press).
• Morgan Stanley report on social gambling (Nov., 2012) suggests that social gambling offers the potential to “teach young people to gamble”
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
• Australian Government Review of the Interactive Gambling act (2012):
“The public policy argument for prohibiting access
to such gaming simulations is that it potentially
normalises gambling amongst children and may
lead them to become problem gamblers in the
future.”
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
U. K. Gambling Commission (2015)
The boundaries between social gaming and commercial gambling have become increasingly blurred and are of concern for young people as a result of:
• the growth in use of social media for social gaming and gambling
• an increasing convergence between the products of traditional gambling and social gaming businesses
• significant investment by companies developing new products or ways of marketing existing products
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
U. K. Gambling Commission (2015)
The boundaries between social gaming and commercial gambling have become increasingly blurred and are of concern for young people as a result of:
• the growth in use of social media for social gaming and gambling
• an increasing convergence between the products of traditional gambling and social gaming businesses
• significant investment by companies developing new products or ways of marketing existing products
Gambling KTE Policy ForumPantages Hotel Toronto, Ontario March 2016
Social Policy Implications
• Need to continue to monitor changes in gambling behaviors as new technologies develop
• Need to help protect vulnerable populations
• Need to help educate youth about the warning signs associated with problem gambling
• Need for more prevention/education initiatives
• Greater public and parental awareness
• This is an area in greater need for collaboration between policy makers, regulators, the industry and researchers
• Regulation ???