Hamadhan

Antioch

JerusalemHO

LY

L

AN

D

MEDITERRANEANSEA

Damascus

Samarra

Hamadhan

Tebriz

Aleppo

Antioch

Acre

Jerusalem

Mosul

Baghdad

Ancient Ruins of Babylon

BABYLON

PERSIANGULF

CASPIAN SEA

Medieval Mesopotamia100 miles

Euphrates R.

Tigris R.

ZA G R O

S M O U N TA I N S

I R A Q

A N A T O L I A

P E R S I A

MO

N

GO

LS

SY

RI A

HO

LY

L

AN

D

Hiddekel R.

(P

ison R

.)

(Giho

n R.)

Gih

on R

.Euphrates R.