major causes of wwii
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Major Causes of WWII. Treaty of Versailles Rise of Italian fascism Rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party Great Depression Japanese expansionism Anti-communism Appeasement Militarism Nationalism U.S. isolationism Maps . - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Treaty of VersaillesRise of Italian fascismRise of Hitler and the Nazi Party Great DepressionJapanese expansionism Anti-communismAppeasementMilitarismNationalismU.S. isolationismMaps
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In Germany, depression, unemployment and hard times led to a dramatic increase in votes
for Hitler and the Nazi Party.Election date Votes in
millionsShare
May 20, 1928 0.81 2.6%
September 14, 1930 6.41 18.3%
July 31, 1932 13.75 37.3%
November 6, 1932 11.74 33.1%
March 5, 1933 17.28 43.9%
Voting for Hitler’s party increased as unemployment rates rose
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Appeasement
Appeasement is the act of giving in to an enemy’s demands in hopes of avoiding further conflict.In 1938, Hitler demanded that Czechoslovakia cede the Sudetenland to Germany. He claimed that the German population living there was being mistreated.The British and French prime ministers agreed to Hitler’s demands without consulting Czechoslovakian leaders, in the hopes that this would avoid a war in Europe.
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World War Two, 1941-1945
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Main Points
• U.S. Entry into Conflict• Impact on Society, Economy,
Politics• Main Events• End of the War
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Burning Ships in Pearl Harbor
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Yellow = AlliesPink = Axis
Orange = Axis controlled
Cream = Neutral
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A Total War
• War Mobilization• Federal Control of the Economy• Westward Shift of people and
industry• Sacrifice and Patriotism• Millions of men to war
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Building Support for War• Office of War Information• War as fight for American
Way of Life, freedom• Censorship• Only positive images• http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=A4o0kVX7iNc&feature=related
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War Propaganda
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Masculinity and War
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Women in Industries• Industries vacated by soldiers• Single & Married• 45% of workers in shipbuilding• Women’s “duty” to work on the “home
front” while men were “away” fighting• High wages, freedom, enjoyment,
personal pride
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Rosie the Riveter
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Gendered Propaganda
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Women = Home = Homefront
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African Americans
• Segregated Units• 125,000 into San
Francisco & Oakland• Housing & school
shortages • Segregation in schools
increased
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German Expansionism • Two fronts
– Western Europe & France
– Russia• Blitzkrieg and massive
industrial output• Air Raid on England• Control of Northern
Africa through Italy
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Allied Successes
• Battle of Coral Sea, May 1942– Pacific Success
• Battle of Midway, June 1942– Overturned J- Supremacy
• Battle of El Alamien, Fall 1942– Northern Africa
• Operation Torch, May 1943– Eisenhower’s invasion
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Hitler Weakens
• Turned east and tried to invade Russia
• Stalled for months, winter hit, millions died–August 1942-February 1943
• Hitler pulled out of Russia and lost momentum in war
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The End is Near
• Operation Overlord, Summer 1944• Second Western front• Landed in France• Beaches of Normandy• D-Day, June 6, 1944• 2 million participated• Liberated Paris
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D-Day June 6, 1944
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End of the War• Germany
Surrounded• Island Hopping in
Pacific• February 1945:
Yalta Conference (UKR)– Britain: Churchill– Russia: Stalin– US: Roosevelt
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Race and the War
• Home front• Segregated Units• A. Philip Randolph • Fair Employment
Practices Commission
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Japanese/American Internment
• Executive Order 9066 on February 19, 1942
• 110,000 relocated to “War Relocation Camps”
• 150,000 in Hawaii• 1944 US Supreme Court
supported it• Over half were US citizens• $1.6 billion in reparations
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Holocaust
– .
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Holocaust
–Over six Million killed in gas chambers & concentration camps
–“Final Solution” –U.S. State Department had
information–Anti-Semitism in U.S
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End of the War• Roosevelt Died• Poland Sacrificed
to Stalin• Atomic Testing• “Manhattan
Project” • $2 billion = $20
billion today• Trinity Test Site,
NM
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Post-War Situation
• Japan– Truman agreed to dropping two Atomic
Bombs– Hiroshima & Nagasaki, 1945– Nearly 120,000 died immediately
• USSR– Roughly 25-35 million dead– Fear of Germany– Suspicion of the U.S. – Control over eastern Europe
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Continued
• World Economy– International Monetary Fund– Investment, loans, economic growth
• World Politics– United Nations– Security Council– Member nations– Debate, conflict resolution
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Significance
• Ended the Great Depression• Migration to the American West• New economic opportunities for
Women and People of Color• Brief unity and ongoing racism• Defeat of Nazis and crippled Germany• Destroyed Europe• U.S. and Soviet Union became
superpowers