major american cities

8/15/2019 Major American Cities

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MAJOR AMERICAN CITIES

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Contents

Argument………………………………………………..…………..2

1. America – the Land of Dreams …………………………….……….3

2. The Birth of American Cities …………………………………...…..4

3. Cultural Diersit! "eflected in American Cities …………...…...…#

4. 10 Cities $ou %ae to &isit in the 'nited (tates………………….13

Conclusion…………………………………………………………1)

Bi*liogra+h!……………………………………………………….1)

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Argument

This +a+er attem+ts a realistic +resentation of American ,a-or Cites fromtheir *irth to noada!s. ,! +a+er has four cha+ters in hich the folloing to+ics are

deelo+ed/ the discoer! of America its com+letion as a state the Ciil ar the *irth

of American Cities the cultural diersit! reflected in American Cities and the most

im+ortant ten cities a tourist hae to isit if he or she reaches The 'nited (tates of

America.

The American Cities hae taen adantage of the geogra+hical area eisting

there. That is h! the! ma! *e +laced in four geogra+hical grou+s/ the cities that

*elong to Atlantic Coast the ,ississi++i &alle! the reat Laes region and the

5acific Coast.

The commercial and industrial deelo+ments ere of crucial im+ortance for

the groth of American ma-or cities.6ist coastal communities a++eared due to their locations close to sea+orts or

raila! netors. Then these coastal communities gre into im+ortant cities as

ha++ened ith the cities in the 7orth America/ Boston 7e $or and 5hiladel+hia.

The third cha+ter illustrates the cultural diersit! as reflected in American Cities. The

culture is an im+ortant issue that ma! define a hole nation. Thus each cit!

mentioned is s+ecial and uni8ue haing distinct elements that one can easil!

recogni9e. (eattle as rated in 200) as the most literate cit! in America *ecause it has

the most educated +o+ulation in the 'nited (tates. The (+ace 7eedle is its most

recogni9a*le landmar. This cit! is also a significant regional center for +erforming

arts.

(an 6rancisco stands out *! means of the American Conserator! Theater as it

is a leading force in the cit!:s +erforming arts scene. ;n the other hand (an 6rancisco

,useum of ,odern Art attracts thousands of isitors eer! !ear.

Los Angeles is the orld:s leading +roducer of +o+ular entertainment. %ome

of %oll!ood the cit! +la!s host to the annual Academ! Aards. Los Angeles has

more museums +er ca+ita than an! other cit! in the orld.

Chicago:s cultural heritage includes its distinctie st!le of life music non

as Chicago *lues. <ts theatre communit! gae rise to modern im+roisational comed!.

ashington DC the ca+ital cit! of the 'nited (tates is home to the ord

renoned (mithsonian <nstitution com+le of museums the 7ational aller! of Art

hich houses the onl! Leonardo da &inci +ointing in the estern %emis+here. The(mithsonian museums and the 7ational aller! are o+en to the +u*lic free of charge.

7e $or:s ,etro+olitan ,useum of Art is among the orld:s largest and

finest art museums. The cit! has a*out to thousands arts and cultural organi9ations

and seeral hundred of inde+endent art galleries.

The fourth cha+ter of the +a+er is a to+ of the most im+ortant cities !ou should

not oerloo if !ou isit The 'nited (tates of America. The! are/ 7e $or Boston

ashington DC ,iami Las &egas ;rlando (an Diego Los Angeles (eattle and

(an 6rancisco.

America is filled ith a dierse selection of cities for tourists. Cities offer

multi+le choices to s+end !our free time in an en-o!a*le a!.

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1. America – The Land of reams

The territor! no +art of the 'nited (tates has *een inha*ited far from 1)000

to 40000 !ears as attested *! local eidence. The a*original +eo+les ancestral totoda!=s American <ndians left no firm monuments on the scale of contem+oraneous

cultures elsehere *ut *oth the illages of the (outhest and the great mounds of the

,ississi++i "ier alle! antedate the arrial of the >uro+ean colonial +oers.

?All these islands are er! *eautiful and distinguished *! a diersit! of

scener!@ the! are filled ith great ariet! of trees of immense height and hich <

*eliee to retain their foliage in all seasons@ for hen < sa them the! ere as erdant

and luuriant as the! usuall! are in (+ain in the month of ,a! some of them ere

*lossoming some *earing fruit and all flourishing in the greatest +erfection

according to their res+ectie stages of groth and the nature and the 8ualit! of each/

!et the islands are not so thicl! ooded as to *e im+assi*le. The nightingale and

arious *irds ere singing in countless num*ers and that in 7oem*er the month inhich < arried there.1 This is ho Christo+her Colum*us de+icts the scener! of one

of the islands he reaches in his first o!age across the Atlantic ;cean. All his four

o!ages there led to general >uro+ean aareness of the American continents in the

estern %emis+here. <n fact he initiated the +rocess of (+anish coloni9ation hich

foreshadoed general >uro+ean coloni9ation of the ?7e orld. Christo+her

Colum*us is not the onl! e+lorer ho reached America *eing coninced he reached

the <ndies. Amerigo &es+uci a ell non e+lorer *ecomes famous after to

accounts attri*uted to him ere +u*lished *eteen 1)02 and 1)04.

<n 1)0 ,artin aldseemuller +roduced a orld ma+ on hich he named the

ne continent America after &es+ucci=s first name Amerigo.

The original 13 British colonies that *ecame the 'nited (tates of America in

1# ere -ust one of seeral attem+ts *! >uro+ean +oers to *uild em+ires in 7orth

America. All sei9ed land from the natie <ndians ho then ere usuall! either

assimilated or drien off *! su+erior >uro+ean ea+ons. The (+aniards reached

6lorida as earl! as 1)13 and 7e ,eico in 1)40. The 6rench *egan their e+loration

of the ,ississi++i "ier alle! in 1#3. The "ussians reached Alasa in 141.

Beteen 1E and 1)3 the com+letion of American territor! taes +lace.

$ear in !ear out the settlers lost their feeling of *elonging to >ngland far on the other

side of the ocean. %ere there as land enough for an! man ho anted to or and

+o+ulation and ealth increased. <n the former half of the 1th centur! the colonists

dislied the attem+ts >ngland made to interfere ith trade and local goernment andmore.

hen eorge <<< *ecame Fing of >ngland his goernment anted to dra

the American colonies closer to the mother countr!. Las ere +assed regulating

trade *eteen the colonies and >ngland and the colonists ere ased to +a! ne

taes to su++ort the mother countr! according to a seere fiscal +rogram. The (ugar

(tam+ and Tea Acts *ecame un*eara*le to the colonists.

As a result of the reolutionar! ar >ngland seated her holdings east of the

,ississi++i "ier. The ne states of &ermont and 7e >ngland Fentuc! Tennessee

and ;hio hae *een admitted *! 103 hen 5resident Thomas Gefferson +urchased

Louisiana from 6rance dou*ling the si9e of the ne nation. Gefferson thus o*tained

1 5hili+ 6. Aleander ,.A. ?The Discoer! of America Cam*ridge at the 'niersit! 5ress 1E1

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the outlet of the ,ississi++i "ier and her tri*utaries at 7e ;rleans. Louisiana as

made a state in 112 to solidif! the ac8uisition of the e! +ort.

<n 112 a second ar *egan ith reat Britain. British Canada as attaced

on the reat Laes ashington D.C. as *urnt and the British inasion of 7e

;rleans as defeated *! >dard Gacson. ar ended in 11). The states of <ndiana

,ississi++i <llinois Ala*ama ,aine and ,issouri ere 8uicl! admitted to the'nion. <n 11 the 4EH+arallel +er latitude as agreed u+on as the *order est to the

"oc! ,ountains.

(+ain a leading +oer held the land to the est and (outh of the 7e

7ations including much the central and (outh America. The treat! signed ith (+ain

in 11E made (+ain to agree to the 42H +arallel as a limit for northern e+ansion and

she seated 6lorida to the America. As this treat! as signed Latin America as in

reolt. All the (outh American 7ations ere inde+endent *! 124. Teas as

coloni9ed in 121*! ,eic. The Teans reolted against the ,eican goernment in

13) and *ecame inde+endent the folloing !ear. As the nation e+anded the 7atie

American tri*es east of the ,ississi++i "ier ere remoed est and forced marches

to the <ndian Territor! of hat is no ;lahoma. Aransas as admitted in 13# and,ichigan in 13. 6lorida as admitted as a state in 14) as as Teas including all

the land north of "io rande "ier claimed *! Teas. After the ,eican ar I14#

14J the Americans on 7e ,eico California and 7orthern ,eico. <oa and

isconsin ere admitted as states in 14. California *ecame a free state in 1)0.

The adsden 5urchase in 1)3 com+leted the territor! of The 'nited (tates.

The American Ciil ar I1)31#)J as the result of decades of sectional

tensions *eteen the 7orth and (outh. >leen southern slae states Iamong hich

(outh Carolina ,ississi++i 6lorida Ala*ama eorgia Louisiana TeasJ declared

their secession from the 'nited (tates and formed the Confederate (tates of America

Ithe Confederac!J.

Led *! Gefferson Dais the! fought against the 'nited (tates Ithe 'nionJ

hich as su++orted *! all the free states and the fie *order slae states. A*raham

Lincoln as against the e+ansion of slaer! *e!ond the states in hich it alread!

eisted. During the first to !ears of the ar (outhern troo+s on numerous ictories

*ut sa their fortunes turn after losses at ett!s*urg and &ics*urg in 1#3. 6rom

then on 7orthern forces ored to con8ueror the (outh forcing them to surrender in

A+ril 1#).

The !ears that folloed the railroads interconnected the continent. 5o+ulation

e+anded and the econom! gre. B! the earl! 20 th centur! 'nited (tates as the

leading industrial +oer of the orld.

!. The "irth of American Cities

The larger American cities ma! *e +laced in four geogra+hical grou+s/ those

*elonging to Atlantic Coast the ,ississi++i &alle! the reat Laes region and the

5acific Coast.

The groth of cities in the 'nited (tates occurred as a res+onse to the

commercial and industrial deelo+ment. During the colonial da!s the increase of natural resources and the echange of goods ith arious nations of >uro+e led to the

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first ste+s in cit! deelo+ment. Beginning ith 110 until 1)0 in the loer half of

the ,ississi++i &alle! the trade as facilitated *! flat*oats and later steam craft

hich carried the +roducts of the soil on the estern aters. The moement of

+o+ulation across the A++alachian *arrier led to the groth of the cities in that region.

(ome Atlantic Coast har*ors deelo+ed een faster than the cities of the ,ississi++i

&alle!.The cities ithin the reat Laes region deelo+ed as a conse8uence of the

railroad:s e+ansion estard along the lae +lains. Thus +eo+le felt stimulated to

moe into the lae +lains +roince.

Later on Iafter 1E00J the *uilding of the transcontinental raila!s facilitated

the trade ith Alasa and the ;rient on the 5acific Coast. The constant estard

migration of +o+ulation as a conse8uence as ell.

7orth American sea+orts gre as +laces of commercial echange transferring

the ra materials of the 7e orld to >uro+ean and est <ndian marets. <n return

the! im+orted +ri9ed >uro+ean manufactures to colonists on the e+anding frontiers.

Certain tons +ros+ered due to the +h!sical ca+acit! to accommodate groing trade.

The three leading cities here are Boston 7e $or and 5hiladel+hia. B! 1E00these cities had *ecome home to )2E1E1 citi9ens2 a fift! fie fold increase from

1E0. The sea+orts e+erienced mercantile leadershi+ a groing ca+ital *ase and

access to recentl! immigrated trained orers. The +orts also sered as *ases for

deelo+ing trade netors that ould continue to gro. Cities eoled as their

commercial financial cultural and communication influences gre. Baning *ecame

more so+histicated and centrali9ed as more firms *egan to *u! and sell using mone!

echanges rather than goods and serices.

Trans+ortation as a great facilitator of ur*ani9ation. (team drien engines

increased the range and flei*ilit! of shi++ing and trael. The fall lines of riers

offered outstanding locations for cities. 5hiladel+hia ilmington Baltimore

ashington DC and "ichmond lie along rier fall lines. ;ceangoing essels can

naigate in order to transfer freight to the sea*oard oerland routes including the road

and rail lines that connect these cities along the higher ground a*oe the Atlantic

coastline. Boston 7e $or Cit! Baltimore and Charleston dominated ur*an groth

along the Atlantic coast of the sea+orts that *ecame ma-or cities.

Boston:s adantage as that of haing short lanes to the sea and that of *eing

closest to >uro+e. <t deelo+ed a shi+*uilding industr! ena*ling its essels to re+lace

those of the >nglish and the Dutch as carriers of colonial commerce. ith its ca+ital

and entre+reneurial talent Boston turned to the financing and administration of

regional industries. The deelo+ment of the nineteenthcentur! tetile mills in Loell

Larence and 6all "ier ,assachusetts stand as +roof. 7e $or Cit!:s location ena*led it to *ecome the +rimar! Atlantic +ort. <t

had a large +rotected and dee+ natural har*or hose tem+erate climate faored

naigation throughout the !ear. B! the earl! nineteenth centur! 7e $or Cit! had

re+laced 5hiladel+hia as the nation:s financial and commercial center. B! 1#0 more

than 00000 +eo+le croded ,anhattan and an additional 2#)000 lied in Brool!n

maing the latter the 3rd largest cit! in the countr!.

Baltimore also *oasted an ecellent har*or and as close to the est <ndies. <t

*ecame the ma-or outlet for trac to and from the (us8uehanna "ier region. ,etal

and tetile mills soon -oined the flour mills in and around Baltimore. <n 12 the

Baltimore and ;hio "ailroad ere incor+orated maing Baltimore a +articularl!

im+ortant terminal and a site for hea! industr!.2 5rofessor arren Boeschenstein historic American Tons along the Atlantic Coast

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L!ing on a +eninsula formed *! the conergence of the Coo+er and Ashle!

"iers Charleston offered one of the good sites for a +ort along the (outh Carolina

coast. Charleston:s merchants +roided the means to orld +lantations and gained

+rofits that further strengthened the cit!:s role as a financial center.

As industriali9ation +roceeded actiities *ecame more s+eciali9ed and

aggregated hile land uses eentuall! codified into the 9oning districts of thetentieth centur!. The ;cean offered ties to the outside orld and !ielded an

a*undance that alloed colonists to esta*lish communities. ith the industriali9ation

in the nineteenth centur! some of these coastal communities gre into im+ortant

cities.

#. Cu$tura$ i%ersit& Ref$ected in American Cities

,an! ma-or cities in the 'nited (tates hae *een influential in sha+ing the nation:s

cultural life and an ethnicall! dierse +o+ulation has contri*uted immeasura*l! to

'.(. achieements in literature the +erforming arts architecture and cuisine.

SEATTLE

(eattle is a ma-or cit! and sea+ort located in the 5acific 7orthest region of

the 'nited (tates. <t is situated in the estern +art of ashington (tate on an isthmus

*eteen 5uget (ound Ian arm of the 5acific ;ceanJ and Lae ashington. (eattle=s

current official nicname is the K>merald Cit!K for her eergreen trees.

<n 200) anal!sts rated (eattle as the most literate cit! in America and sure!

data from 2002 indicated that (eattle had the most educated +o+ulation in the 'nited

(tates. (eattle and its su*ur*s *ecame home to a num*er of technolog! com+anies

including Ama9on.com "eal7etors ,cCa Cellular Ino +art of ATT

,o*ilit!J &oice(tream Ino T,o*ile '(AJ and *iomedical cor+orations such as

%eart(tream %eart Technologies 5h!sioControl M!moenetics <C;( and

<mmune. ,an! of the (eattle area=s tech com+anies remain relatiel! strong.

The (+ace 7eedle dating from the Centur! 21 >+osition I1E#2J is (eattle=s

most recogni9a*le landmar. The fairgrounds surrounding the 7eedle hae *een

conerted into (eattle Center hich remains the site of man! local ciic and cultural

eents such as Bum*ershoot 6ollife and the Bite of (eattle.The construction of (eattle=s to tallest s!scra+ers as com+leted in the late

1E0s/ the # stor! Colum*ia Center Icom+leted in 1E)J is the tallest *uilding in the

5acific 7orthest and the fourth tallest *uilding est of the ,ississi++i "ier@ the

ashington ,utual Toer Icom+leted in 1EJ is (eattle=s second tallest *uilding3.

;ther nota*le (eattle landmars include 5ie 5lace ,aret the 6remont Troll the

>+erience ,usic 5ro-ect and (cience 6iction ,useum and %all of 6ame Iat (eattle

CenterJ and the (eattle Central Li*rar!.

The cit! a significant regional center for the +erforming arts is home to the

(eattle (!m+hon! ;rchestra the (eattle ;+era and the 5acific 7orthest Ballet. The

>+erience ,usic 5ro-ect housed in a *uilding designed *! famed architect 6ran

3 Barr! Cullingorth@ "oger . Caes I1EEJ. Planning in the USA: Policies, Issues, and Processes

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ehr! *ills itself as a ?+artici+ator! museum of music. (eattle is the *irth+lace of

grunge music.

(eattle is also famous for its lie theatre enues. (eattle has Karound 100K

theatrical +roduction com+anies and oer to do9en lie theatre enues man! of

them associated ith fringe theatre. The cit! has also man! im+ortant museums and

art galleries such as the %enr! Art aller! the (eattle Art ,useum ;l!m+ic(cul+ture 5ar and the 6r!e Art ,useum. ,ore s+eciali9ed collections can *e seen in

other museums in (eattle including the 7ordic %eritage ,useum the ing Lue

Asian ,useum and the ,useum of 6light Ihich reflects the +rominent +osition of

(eattle:s aeros+ace industr!J. The cit! also hosts a ariet! of annual ethnic festials

and is the site of numerous American <ndian +oos.

(eattle is considered the home of grunge music *ecause it as home to artists

such as 7irana 5earl Gam (oundgarden Alice in Chains and ,udhone! all of

hom reached ast audiences in the earl! 1EE0s. The cit! is also home to such aried

musicians as aantgarde -a99 musicians Bill 6risell and a!ne %orit9 ra++er (ir

,iaLot smooth -a99 sao+honist Fenn! %eart hea! metal *ands

NueensrOche 7eermore as ell as such +o++ier roc *ands as %are! Dangeroodness and The 5residents of the 'nited (tates of America. (uch musicians as

Gimi %endri Duff ,cFagan 7ii (i and Nuinc! Gones s+ent their formatie

!ears in (eattle.

The *estnon (eattle*ased +o+ular noelist is Tom "o**ins author of

Another "oadside Attraction I1E1J and >en Cogirls et the Blues I1E#J. This

Bo!=s Life I1EEJ as To*ias olff=s stor! of his childhood in a small ton north of

(eattle hich as made into a moie starring >llen Barin and "o*ert De 7iro in

1EE3. the (eattle area has also launched internationall! non off*eat contem+orar!

cartoonists such as L!nda Barr! I>rnie 5oo=s ComeeJ ,att roening Ioriginator of

The (im+sonsJ and ar! Larson IThe 6ar (ideJ.

SAN 'RANCISCO

(an 6rancisco +art of the scenic (an 6rancisco Ba! area here .2 million

+eo+le lie has a cosmo+olitan ethnicall! dierse +o+ulation. <ts neigh*orhoods

reflect that diersit!/ Chinaton esta*lished in 1E0#@ the ,ission District hich is

home to man! immigrants from ,eico and Central America@ and %aightAsh*ur!

associated ith the 1E#0s hi++ie moement hich still retains some *ohemian

character des+ite etensie gentrification. (an 6rancisco is characteri9ed *! a high

standard of liing. The great ealth and o++ortunit! generated *! the <nternet

reolution continues to dra man! highl! educated and highincome orers andresidents to (an 6rancisco. The cit!=s +ro+ert! alues and household income hae

escalated to among the highest in the nation4 alloing the cit! to su++ort a large

restaurant and entertainment infrastructure. (an 6rancisco is also characteri9ed *! its

culturall! rich streetsca+es featuring mieduse neigh*orhoods anchored around

central commercial corridors to hich residents and isitors alie can al. Because

of these characteristics (an 6rancisco as rated Kmost al a*leK cit! *! the e*site

alscore.com. ,an! neigh*orhoods feature a mi of *usinesses restaurants and

enues catering to the dail! needs of the communit! hile also draing in isitors.

(an 6rancisco has numerous neigh*orhoods filled ith *usinesses and ciic

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San Francisco magazine. ,odern Luur!. Archied from the original on 6e*ruar! 24 200.htt+/PPe*.archie.orgPe*P200022410)24#Phtt+/PP.sanfran.comParchiesPieQstor!P10#P. "etrieed Gune 14 200

http://www.sanfran.com/archives/view_story/1068/

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institutions catering to ne arrials. <n +articular the arrial of man! ethnic Chinese

hich accelerated *eginning in the 1E0s has com+lemented the longesta*lished

communit! historicall! *ased in Chinaton throughout the cit! and has transformed

the annual Chinese 7e $ear 5arade into the largest eent of its ind outside China.

The arrial of riters and artists of the 1E)0 esta*lished the modern coffeehouse

culture and the social u+heaals of the 1E#0s. This confirmed (an 6rancisco:sre+utation as an e+icenter of li*eral actiism.

(an 6rancisco:s ar ,emorial ;+era %ouse is home to the highl! regarded

(an 6rancisco ;+era and (an 6rancisco Ballet. The (an 6rancisco (!m+hon! +la!s

in near*! Daies (!m+hon! %all and the %er*st Theatre is non for its eclectic

music +erformances. A second incarnation of the renoned 6illmore Auditorium is

still in use@ the original enue as non as the +lace here roc music greats such

as the rateful Dead Ganis Go+lin and Gefferson Air+lane got their start in the 1E#0s.

The American Conserator! Theater is a leading force in the cit!:s +erforming arts

scene and the (an 6rancisco ,useum of ,odern Art attracts #00000 isitors a !ear.

The 6illmore is a music enue located in the estern Addition. <t is the second

incarnation of the historic enue that gained fame in the 1E#0s under concert +romoter Bill raham housing the stage here nofamous musicians such as the

rateful Dead Ganis Go+lin and Gefferson Air+lane first +erformed. The American

Conserator! Theater IA.C.T.J has *een a force in Ba! Area +erforming arts since its

arrial in (an 6rancisco in 1E# regularl! staging +roductions. (an 6rancisco

fre8uentl! hosts national touring +roductions of Broada! theatre shos in a num*er

of intage 1E20sera enues in the Theater District including the Curran ;r+heum

and olden ate Theatres.

The ,useum of ,odern Art I(6,;,AJ contem+orar! ors of art. <t moed

to its current *uilding in the (outh of ,aret neigh*orhood in 1EE) and no attracts

more than #00000 isitors annuall!. The 5alace of the Legion of %onor holds

+rimaril! >uro+ean anti8uities and ors of art at its Lincoln 5ar *uilding modeled

after its 5arisian namesae. <t is administered *! 6ine Arts ,useums of (an

6rancisco hich also o+erates the de $oung ,useum in olden ate

The California Academ! of (ciences is a natural histor! museum hich also

hosts the ,orrison 5lanetarium and (teinhart A8uarium. The 5alace of 6ine Arts

*uilt originall! for the 1E1) 5anama5acific >+osition has since 1E#E housed the

>+loratorium an interactie science museum.

LOS AN(ELES

Los Angeles is the largest cit! in the state of California and the secondlargestcit! in the 'nited (tates. ;ften non *! its initials L.A. and nicnamed The Cit! of

Angels Los Angeles is a orld center of *usiness international trade entertainment

culture media fashion science technolog! and education. <t is home to renoned

institutions coering a *road range of +rofessional and cultural fields and is one of

the most su*stantial economic engines ithin the 'nited (tates. As the home *ase of

%oll!ood it is non as the K>ntertainment Ca+ital of the orldK leading the

orld in the creation of motion +ictures teleision +roduction interactie games and

recorded music. The cit! is the orld:s leading +roducer of +o+ular entertainment and

has achieed international fame *ased on its motion +icture teleision and recording

industries.

Los Angeles: numerous museums and galleries include the G. 5aul ett!,useum non for its etensie collection of ree >truscan and "oman



anti8uities and the Los Angeles Count! ,useum of Art the largest enc!clo+edic

museum est of Chicago. The Ca*rillo ,arine A8uarium allos isitors to e+lore

the natural onders of a8uatic ecos!stems hile the La Brea Tar 5its ,useum inites

isitors to atch fossil recoer! cleaning and anal!sis.

The Doroth! Chandler 5ailion hich is +art of the Los Angeles ,usic

Center is home to the Los Angeles ;+era and also hosts the film industr!:s annualAcadem! Aards I;scarsJ +resentations. The futuristiclooing alt Disne! Concert

%all designed *! architect 6ran ehr! is home to the Los Angeles 5hilharmonic.

<m+ortant landmars in Los Angeles include Chinaton Foreaton Little

To!o alt Disne! Concert %all Foda Theatre riffith ;*serator! ett! Center

Los Angeles ,emorial Coliseum Los Angeles Count! ,useum of Art rauman=s

Chinese Theatre %oll!ood (ign %oll!ood Bouleard Ca+itol "ecords Toer

Los Angeles Cit! %all %oll!ood Bol atts Toers (ta+les Center Dodger

(tadium and La 5lacita ;leraP;lera (treet.

Los Angeles is often *illed as the KCreatie Ca+ital of the orldK as Kthere are

more artists riters filmmaers actors dancers and musicians liing and oring in

Los Angeles than an! other cit! at an! time in the histor! of ciili9ation.K ) <t is hometo %oll!ood glo*all! recogni9ed as the e+icenter of the motion +icture industr!. The

cit! +la!s host to the annual Academ! Aards the oldest and one of the most

+rominent aard ceremonies in the orld. There are also )4 film festials eer !ear

hich translates into more than one eer! ee. Least *ut not last Los Angeles is

home to the '(C (chool of Cinematic Arts the oldest and largest school of its ind in

the 'nited (tates. The +erforming arts +la! a ma-or role in Los Angeles= cultural

identit!. There are oer 1000 musical theater dance and +erforming grou+s. The

Los Angeles ,usic Center is one of the three largest +erforming arts com+lees in the

nation.

There are 41 museums and art galleries in Los Angeles Count!@ Los Angeles

has more museums +er ca+ita than an! other cit! in the orld. The most nota*le

museums are the Los Angeles Count! ,useum of Art Ithe largest enc!clo+edic

museum est of ChicagoJ the ett! Center I+art of the larger G. 5aul ett! Trust the

orld=s ealthiest art institutionJ and the ,useum of Contem+orar! Art. A significant

amount of art galleries are concentrated on aller! "o and thousands are in

attendance of the monthl! Donton Art al that taes +lace there.

C)ICA(O

7icnamed the ?ind! Cit! Chicago is the largest cit! in the state of <llinois

and the thirdlargest in the 'nited (tates. <t is the *usiness financial and culturalca+ital of the ,idest and since the 1E3 Chicago orld:s 6air has *een among the

most influential cities in the orld.

"eflecting its immigrant roots Chicago has restaurant districts non as

reeton Chinaton Little <tal! and Little (eoul. The cit! is also non for its

s+ectacular architecture/ its s!line is among the orld:s tallest ith s!scra+ers that

include the (ears Toer Ithe tallest *uilding in the estern %emis+hereJ.

Chicago:s cultural heritage includes its distinctie st!le of lie music non

as Chicago *lues. The cit! has an influential hi+ho+ scene and its theater communit!

gae rise to modern im+roisational comed!. Classical music is re+resented *! the

Chicago (!m+hon! ;rchestra and the L!ric ;+era of Chicago *oth ith orldclass

re+utations. The Chicago (!m+hon! ;rchestra +erforms at (!m+hon! Center. Also) ,etro+olitan statistical areaR 5o+ulation >stimatesR Gul! 1 200

E



+erforming regularl! at (!m+hon! Center is the Chicago (infonietta a more dierse

and multicultural counter+art to the C(;. <n the summer man! outdoor concerts are

gien in rant 5ar and ,illennium 5ar. The Ciic ;+era %ouse is home to the

L!ric ;+era of Chicago. The Goffre! Ballet and Chicago 6estial Ballet +erform in

arious enues including the %arris Theater in ,illennium 5ar. Chicago is home to

seeral other modern and -a99 dance trou+es such as the %u**ard (treet DanceChicago. ;ther lie music genre hich are +art of the cit!=s cultural heritage include

Chicago *lues Chicago soul -a99 and gos+el. The cit! is the *irth+lace of house

music. <n the 1E0s the cit! as a center for industrial +un and ne ae. This

influence continued into the alternatie roc of the 1EE0s.

The Goffre! Ballet the Chicago 6estial Ballet and seeral modern and -a99

dance trou+es all call Chicago home. The Art <nstitute of Chicago has a collection that

encom+asses more than )000 !ears of orld culture and the "ier 7orth area of

Chicago features the cit!:s largest concentration of contem+orar! art galleries.

Chicago=s theatre communit! s+aned modern im+roisational theatre.

Chicago offers Broada!st!le entertainment at theaters such as 6ord Center for the

5erforming Arts ;riental Theatre Ban of America Theatre Cadillac 5alace TheatreAuditorium Building of "ooseelt 'niersit! and Drur! Lane Theatre ater Toer

5lace. 5olish language +roductions for Chicago=s large 5olish s+eaing +o+ulation can

*e seen at the historic atea! Theatre in Gefferson 5ar.

*AS)IN(TON .C.

The ca+ital cit! of the 'nited (tates named for the first '.(. +resident is

commonl! called ashington (tate or occasionall! the state of ashington to

distinguish it from the District of Colum*ia. <t is a +o+ular tourist destination *ecause

of its monuments historic sites and cultural attractions.

ashington is home to the orldrenoned (mithsonian <nstitution com+le

of museums and the 7ational aller! of Art hich houses the onl! Leonardo da

&inci +ainting in the estern %emis+here. ;ther museums under the (mithsonian

um*rella are the 7ational Air and (+ace ,useum the 6reer aller! of Art the

7ational ,useum of African Art the ,useum of American %istor! the %irshhorn

,useum the 7ational ,useum of 7atural %istor! and the 7ational ,useum of the

American <ndian. 'nlie most museums and galleries in other cities the (mithsonian

museums and the 7ational aller! are o+en to the +u*lic free of charge.

The cit! is a shocase for lie music and theater. Three enues are +articularl!

outstanding/ the Gohn 6. Fenned! Center for the 5erforming Arts hich is home to

the ashington 7ational ;+era the 7ational (!m+hon! ;rchestra and theashington Ballet@ the 6olger Theater an intimate setting for (haes+earean and

contem+orar! +la!s@ and Arena (tage a theater com+an! that ecels at fostering ne

ors and +roducing intriguing reials of classic re+ertor!.

NE* +OR,

7e $or Cit! the largest '.(. cit! is a orld center of commerce and

finance and a glo*al influence in media entertainment and fashion.

10



7e $or:s ,etro+olitan ,useum of Art is among the orld:s largest and

finest art museums ith collections s+anning )000 !ears of orld culture. The cit!

has more than 2000 arts and cultural organi9ations and more than )00 inde+endent

art galleries. <ts architecture is dominated *! s!scra+ers including the Chr!sler

Building and the >m+ire (tate Building *oth master+ieces of Art Deco design.

The cit!:s 3E largest theaters are non collectiel! as ?Broada!. <tsLincoln Center for the 5erforming Arts hosts the orldfamous ,etro+olitan ;+era

the 7e $or Cit! ;+era and the 7e $or 5hilharmonic the 7e $or Cit! Ballet

the Guilliard (chool and other distinguished entities. ,an! ma-or American cultural

moements such as the %arlem "enaissance of the 1E20s and 1E30s *egan in 7e

$or. The cit! as the e+icenter of -a99 in the 1E40s a*stract e+ressionism in the

1E)0s and hi+ho+ music in the 1E0s. 7e $or also has a dierse food culture

sha+ed *! its large immigrant +o+ulation. ,an! of the *est ?haute cuisine

restaurants in the 'nited (tates can *e found in 7e $or.

There are still man! other interesting American cities. Among these it orths

mentioning (anta 6e in 7e ,eico Dener Austin in Teas 7e ;rleans (t.

Loius raceland Iin ,em+his TennesseeJ and 7ashille Iin Tennessee tooJ.(anta 6e is 7e ,eico:s ca+ital and it as settled *! (+anish colonists in the

1)00s and formall! founded in 1#10. Fnon as a multicultural cit! and arts center

(anta 6e is home to numerous artists. ,an! of them hae ca+tured the cit!:s *eautiful

landsca+e on canas. ;ne famous 7e ,eico artist eorgia ;:Feefe lied for a

time in (anta 6e. The museum named after her – eorgia ;:Feefe ,useum – ehi*its

her or and that of artists ith similar themes. Can!on "oad has the cit!:s highest

concentration of art galleries shocasing contem+orar! (outhestern American

<ndian and e+erimental art.

,usic and o+era are ell re+resented in the cit! as ell. The (anta 6e ;+era

is one of the nation:s most esteemed regional o+era com+anies. (anta 6e also has

man! orldclass museums such as the 7e ,eico ,useum of Art the <nstitute of

American <ndian Arts ,useum the %istor! ,useum and the (ite (anta 6e Ideoted to

contem+orar! artJ.

Dener set at the foot of Colorado "ocies is an im+ortant cultural center that

dras artists and +erformers from around the nation and the orld. A 6oundation as

created here in 1E the (cientific and Cultural 6acilities District I(C6DJ. <t is a

s+ecial ta district ithin the state of Colorado that +roides funding for art music

theater dance 9oolog! *otan! natural histor! or cultural histor! organi9ations in the

Dener metro+olitan area. The (C6D gies millions of dollars in ta funds each !ear

to local organi9ations. Toda! Dener:s main art and cultural hu* is the olden

Triangle ,useum District that includes the Dener Art ,useum the Dener 5u*licLi*rar! the Colorado %istor! ,useum the Colorado Ballet and scores of other

theaters galleries and artists: studios. The Dener Art ,useum ehi*its its

magnificent collections of +reColum*ian American <ndian American estern and

Buddhist art. The Dener 5erforming Arts Com+le is said to *e the secondlargest

+erforming arts center in the orld after 7e $or:s Lincoln Center.

>ach Gune and August Dener hosts the As+en ,usic 6estial and (chool

one of the largest classical music eents in the 'nited (tates.

Austin in Teas is non as ?the lie music ca+ital of the orld *ecause it is

home to man! musicians and music enues. The cit! has an im+ressie lie music

scene. Austin Cit! Limits the longestrunning concert music +rogram on American

teleision is ideota+ed on the 'niersit! of Teas at Austin cam+us. The Austin Cit!Limits ,usic 6estial is held annuall! at Miler 5ar in Austin and the cit!:s 'r*an

11



created a uni8ue culture that is unlie an!here else in the orld. Cultural and ethnic

diersit! adds a uni8ue flaor to cities that is e+ressed through distinct

neigh*orhoods restaurants +laces of orshi+ museums nightlife and multicultural

learning enironments.

-. 1 Cities +ou )a%e to /isit in the 0nited States

The (tatue of Li*ert! and hite %ouse Disne! orld and %oll!ood

Broada! and all (treet – these images come to mind hen thining of the 'nited

(tates. The third largest countr! in the orld has man! ama9ing cities and +lent! of

natural attractions to +ut on mustsee list. There are a huge num*er of uni8ue fa*ulous

cities in America that a*solutel! orth a tri+. $ou haen:t *een to America if !ouhaen:t seen cultural icons lie the Statue of Liberty and Golden Gate Bridge or

natural features lie Grand anyon and La!e "ahoe.

New York < thin eer!*od! ould agree that 7e $or is one of the most fascinating

cities not onl! in the '(A *ut in the entire orld. Therefore it has to *e on mustsee

in America list. To *egin ith its architecture – ,anhattan s!line is a*solutel!

incredi*le. Then its multicultural +ersonalit! comes– 7e $or is a true miture of

ethnicities and cultures. %ere there also ma! *e found man! *est restaurant *est

hotels museums and theaters concentrated in such a small land area of 23 s8uare

miles that:s ho small ,anhattan is. Besides ,anhattan there are four other *oroughs in 7e $or ith +lent! of things to do and to see.

BostonBoston is distinguished *! its i*rant neigh*orhoods. All neigh*orhoods of

Boston hae its on +ersonalit! and distinct a++eal from the fashiona*le Bac! Bay

to oldest Beacon #ill to colorful hinato$n to historic %orth &nd' A stroll around this

old cit! is lie reading an American histor! tet*oo. 6ollo the red line maring the

6reedom Trail and come across Boston ommon the (ld %orth hurch Paul

)e*ere+s house and Bun!er #ill . A al around this old cit! is lie reading an

American histor! tet*oo. 6ollo the red line maring the 6reedom Trail and come

across Boston ommon the (ld %orth hurch Paul )e*ere+s house and Bun!er #ill .

>ach sto+ re+resents a cha+ter in American histor!. Being cultural and commercialhu* of 7e >ngland Boston a*sor*ed all *est from the region.

Washington DC (ightseeing in ashington DC ouldn:t cost much – most of ashington DC

museums and memorials are free. At the to+ of the ashington -onument !ou can

en-o! the s+ectacular ies of the cit! and surroundings. hile isiting the hite

#ouse !ou can tae the hite #ouse Garden tour and ie the .ac/ueline 0ennedy

Garden and )ose Garden to en-o! nature:s *eaut!. Georgeto$n is the cit!:s most

*eautiful neigh*orhood ith great restaurants *ars nightclu*s and sho+s.

Miami

,iami is America:s "iiera ith 10 miles of ide hite sand! *eachesdelightful art deco architecture trend! hotels chic restaurants and hot +art! scene. <n

13



,iami there is a huge Latin American cultural inheritance. A short tri+ to Little

#a*ana in ,iami could gie !ou a little glim+se of the Cari**ean -eel/ aroma of

Cu*an coffee and cigars +ulsating Cu*an music art and craft er! authentic

restaurants and colorful storefronts.

Las Vegas

Las &egas is a gam*le &ille ith luur! resorts and fie star hotelsoutstanding dining and acclaimed shos eclusie s+as and orldclass golf courses.

Las &egas: +roimit! to uni8ue treasures of nature such as )ed )oc! and Grand

anyon olorado )i*er and 1eath 2alley maes (in Cit! attractie. Grand anyon

is the most famous natural feature not onl! in the area *ut in the '(A. La!e -ead is a

large manmade lae one of the largest in the orld.

Orlando%ere !ou can isit the largest amusement +ar in the orld. alt 1isney

orld is the most isited recreational resort in the orld. Besides famous alt 1isney

orld )esort Uni*ersal (rlando )esort and Sea orld ;rlando offers +lent! of

different entertainment great dining and een museums. The most com+rehensiecollection of Tiffan! art is in harles #osmer -orse -useum in ;rlando.

San Diego(outh California is renoned for 0 miles of great *eaches a ,editerranean

climate and ,eican s+ecialties a8uatic +ars a8uariums and 9oos. The most

magnificent *each on the est Coast offers fantastic surfing ecellent snoreling and

diing ama9ing sunsets and *eautiful sands. San iego O$d Ton the historical

heart of the cit! is the K*irth+laceK of California as (an Diego is the site of the first

+ermanent (+anish settlement in California. The (+anish and ,eican heritage of the

cit! is cele*rated throughout O$d Ton including *est ,eican food and ,argaritas.

Los Angeles

Los Angeles is famous for #olly$ood and Be*erly #ills -alibu and Sunset Boule*ard, too. Besides famous attractions and intensie nightlife Los Angeles has

great surroundings to e+lore.

SeattleThe >merald Cit! is a real green gem ith a ealth of eergreen trees

throughout and *reathtaing ies. -t' )ainier loos don on (eattle from its

ma-estic heights.

$ou can en-o! a +anoramic ie of the cit! at the to+ of the S3ace %eedle'

San FranciscoThe iconic Golden Gate Bridge liel! Fisherman+s harf and hinato$n

numerous *eautiful gardens and delicious food mae (an 6rancisco er! uni8ue. $oucan also go to La!e "ahoe to see ?the -eel of the (ierras one of the most *eautiful

laes in the countr!.

6rom the tem+tations of Las &egas to ;rlando from 7e $or Cit! to Los

Angeles from (an 6rancisco to ashington DC American cities are an endless

source of *eaut! and cultural diersit!.

Conc$usion

14



The 'nited (tates of America hae ala!s *een ieed as a +romise land

here eer!one can turn a ne leaf and start ane. The fight for gaining the control

of the most im+ortant territories started long ago hen this ?7e orld as

discoered. Thus the com+letion of American territor! taes +lace *eteen 1E and

1)3.

A conflict orth mentioning is the one that too +lace *eteen 1)3 and 1#)i.e. the American Ciil ar. <t as the result of sectional tensions *eteen the 7orth

and (outh. < mentioned this conflict *ecause it is crucial for the deelo+ment of

American ma-or cities. The! a++eared as a res+onse to the commercial and industrial

deelo+ment. Both trade and the railroad:s deelo+ment estard encouraged the

*irth of the first cities. The fall lines of riers offered outstanding locations for cities.

The ma-or American cities are res+onsi*le of the nation:s cultural life. Among

the cities that set an eam+le in this res+ect are/ (eattle (an 6rancisco Los Angeles

Chicago ashington DC. and 7e $or. ;ther interesting American cities non as

multicultural centers are/ (anta 6e 7e ,eico:s Ca+ital Dener 7e ;rleans (T

Luis raceland and ,arshille.

7e $or Boston and ashington DC are the to+ three cities in Americahich !ou should not miss if !ou intend to isit The 'nited (tates. Cultural and

ethnic diersit! adds a uni8ue flaor to the ,a-or American cities.

"i2$iogra3h&

5hili+ 6. Aleander ,.A. ?The Discoer! of America Cam*ridge at the

'niersit! 5ress 1E1

5rofessor arren Boeschenstein historic American Tons along the Atlantic

Coast

Barr! Cullingorth@ "oger . Caes I1EEJ. Planning in the USA: Policies,

Issues, and Processes

San Francisco magazine. ,odern Luur!. Archied from the original on6e*ruar! 24 200.

htt+/PPe*.archie.orgPe*P200022410)24#Phtt+/PP.sanfran.comParchiesPieQ

stor!P10#P. "etrieed Gune 14 200nd Processes

,etro+olitan statistical areaR 5o+ulation >stimatesR Gul! 1 200

1)








major american cities

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