MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS OF TRACTOR

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS OF TRACTOR

FMP 211 Farm Power and Machinery (1+1)

MAINTENANCE OF TRACTOR

Study your owners manual

The manufacturer has specific instructions for basic care of your tractor, and they have the expertise to give you the best advice on how to do it.This will tell you the intervals for routine maintenance, including chassis lubrication, engine, transmission, and hydraulic oil change, filter changes, and other maintenance items.

Obtain tools

Tractor maintenance requires numerous wrenches and other tools in larger sizes than for automobile maintenance, so plan to buy or borrow the tools you need.

Protect the tractor from the elements

Check fluids regularly

Check tire inflation

If tires run with excessively low tire pressure, tread wear increases dramatically.Adjust air pressure for the type of work planned for the day ahead.If road travel is expected, add a few pounds of pressure to each tire.If tillage is expected, reduce pressure by a few pounds.

Keep an eye on belts and hoses

Keep the brake linkages lubricated, and make sure the brakes are adjusted equally

Watch the gauges

Keep an eye on the temperature, oil pressure, and tachometer.The temperature gauge should be marked with a normal operating range, but any time the indicator says the temperature is over 220F (104C), the engine is running hot.If equipped with a diesel engine, the oil pressure should be between 40 and 60 PSI.The tachometer tells how many revolutions per minute the crankshaft is turning

Check the filters regularly

Most systems on tractors are equipped with filters to protect against dirt, water, or other contaminants that could cause failure of the components.Check the air filter often. Tractors are often operated in very dusty conditions, and in some cases, the filters must be cleaned daily or weekly. Clean the air filter with a shop vacuum or with compressed air, never by washing it. Replace the air filter when it cannot be cleaned satisfactorily, or if the filter is damaged.

Check the radiator screen

Tractors are often operated in conditions where debris may accumulate on the radiator, so they usually have a front screen or grill to prevent plant matter, insects, or pollen from clogging the radiator.

Lubricate your tractor

Tractors have many more moving parts that require greasing than do automobiles. Use a grease cartridge pressure gun, clean the fitting, attach the hose, and pump grease until the associated seal begins to expand, or grease is seen oozing out of the attachment you are lubricating. Look for grease fittings on steering components, brake and clutch linkages, and three-point hitch pivot points.

Do not overload your tractor

REPAIRS OF TRACTORS

Trouble: Engine does not start

Causes-RemedyBattery not fully charged-Charge the battery fullyStarter pinion jammed-Adjust the pinionFaulty switch-Repair or Change the SwitchAir lock in fuel system-Bleed the fuel lineInjectors faulty-Check it on injector testing machine

Trouble: Engine gives out black smoke

Causes-RemedyAir cleaner choked-Clean it wellEngine over loaded-Reduce the load from the engineExcess fuel injected-Check the injection pump & injector

Trouble: Engine does not take sufficient load

Causes-RemedyValve clearance incorrect-Adjust the correct gapValve spring broken-Replace itInjection timing incorrect-Check it & correct itExhaust pipe blocked-Clean it well

Trouble: Engine runs in idle condition but does not run on load

Causes-RemedyFuel lift pump faulty-Repair itFuel filter blocked-Clean the filterFuel tank vent blocked-Clean the ventFaulty injector-Check the injectors

Trouble: Engine get overheated very soon

The reason for overheating may be due to: Faulty cooling system Inefficient combustion (or) Improper lubrication

(a) Faulty cooling system

Causes-RemedyLeakage in cooing system-Check the leakageDefective water pump-Repair the pumpThermostat valve not opening properly-Adjust the valveRadiator chocked-Clean the radiatorFan belt loose or broken-Change the belt

(b)Inefficient combustionCauses-RemedyInjection timing wrong-Check the timingEngine overloaded-Reduce the load on the engineExhaust pipe choked-Clean the exhaust pipeFaulty injectors-Test the injectors

(c) Improper lubrication

Causes-RemedyOil filter choked-Clean itLubricating oil dirty-Replace itOil visosity too high-Use correct grade of oilLubricating pump defective-Repair it

Trouble: Clutch slips

Causes-RemedyPedal adjustment not correct-Adjust the playBurnt or worn clutch lining-Repair or replace the lining

Trouble: Clutch does not disengage

Causes-RemedyClutch lining rusted-Repair itClutch pad not properly adjusted-Adjust the play

Trouble: Poor braking

Causes-RemedyExcess play of the brake pedalAdjust the playOil leakage in break chamberCheck the leakageActing stroke of the right and left pedal differentStroke should be made same

Trouble: Brake pedal does not return smoothly

Causes-RemedyBroken return spring-Replace itGrease runs short at each sliding section-Remove rust and apply grease

Trouble: Hydraulic system does not lift & drop

Causes-RemedyLack of hydraulic oil-Fill it up to markPipe sucks air-Remove the leakageFilter clogged-Clean the filterBroken control valve-Replace itBroken cylinder-Replace the cylinder

ReferenceDr. Jagdishwar Sahay, Elements of Agricultural Engineering, Standard Publishers Distributors, Delhi, 1992.http://m.wikihow.com/Maintain-a-Tractorhttp://www.hobbyfarms.co,/7-daily-trafctor-maintenance-tasks-2/