main project 2nd review (2)

Design of Microcontroller Module for Double Beam UV-Visible Spectrophotometer

Presented By

P.Sravani (07FE1A0408) P.Ambica (08FE5A0412) P.Siva (07FE1A0432) B.Venkatesh (08FE5A0402)

Under the guidance ofMr.M.V.H.BHASKARA MURTHY

Associate Professor


Organization IntroductionLight SourcesOptical DiagramBlock DiagramC8051F124 MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller Interfacing DevicesResultsApplicationsConclusionReferences


Introduction

Spectrophotometer is an instrument that measures the intensity of a light beam of a particular wavelength, both before and after passing through a light-absorbing medium.


Electromagnetic Spectrum


Light Sources

D2 Lamp (190-380nm)

T-Lamp (380-1100nm)


(Deuterium) D2 Lamp


D2 Lamp Characteristics


(Tungsten halogen) T- Lamp


T-Lamp Characteristics


Spectrophotometer


D2 lamp (190-380nm)T lamp (380-1100nm)

I to V converter

Diffraction Grating


The diffraction pattern produced by the grating is described by the equation m × λ = d sin θ.

where,

m is the order number.

λ is a selected wavelength.

d is the spacing of the slits.

θ is the angle of incidence of light.


Double Beam Principle


Optical diagram


Block diagram


Lambert’s Law: The proportion of incident light absorbed by a transparent medium is independent of the intensity of the light

Transmittance,

Beer’s Law: The absorption of light is directly proportional to both the concentration of the absorbing medium and the thickness of the medium in the light path

Absorbance,


Io = Intensity of incident lightI = Intensity of transmitted light

Elements & Wavelengths in nmAluminium-396.2 Molybdenum-

313.3

Antimony-231.2 Mercury-253.6

Berylium-234.9 Nickel-352.5

Bismuth-306.8 Niobium-405.9

Boron-249.8 Palladium-340.5

Cadmium-326.1 Platinum-265.9

Chromium-357.9 Silicon-251.6

Cobalt-346.6 Silver-328/338.3

Copper-324.8 Sodium-589.6

Gold- 267.8 Tantalm-271.5

Indium-303.9 Titanium-364.3/365.5

Iron-372 Tungsten-400.8

Lead-283.3 Zinc-307.6

Manganese-403.1 Zirconium-468.8


Concentration,

C=k A


MC Module & Spectrophotometer Unit


Microcontroller Module


Block Diagram of MC unit


C8051F124 Microcontroller


RS232 Connector (DB9)


Pin

No.Description

Pin No.Description

1 Data Carrier Detect 6 Data Set Ready

2 Received Data 7 Request to Send

3 Transmitted Data 8 Clear to Send

4 Data Terminal Ready 9 Ring Indicator

5 Signal Ground

Interface Microcontroller with RS232


Interface Microcontroller with Stepper motors


Interface Microcontroller with LCD


LCD Display


Interface Microcontroller with Keypad


Keypad Interfacing


Key Board For MC Module


ResultsAbsorbance/Transmittance Values for K2Cr2O7


Absorbance Vs Wavelength Characteristics


Applications


Food : To analyze the elements of vitamins , amino acids and many more.

Medical : Analysis of enzymes, harmones, steroids, alkoloids, and derbiturates. It is most useful to the physicians in diagnosis of diabetes, kidney damages and many more.

Pharmaceuticals : It provides spectra for detection of several compounds when interfering substances are present

Agriculture : In identification and quantitative determination of pesticides, insecticides, etc.

Colorometry : In identification of all metallic elements in wide varieties of substances. A large variety of organic compounds can also be similarly determined.

Conclusion

It is easy to operatePortableCost effectiveEasy to transport from one location to other location It is mainly designed for low budget users. It is the method of choice in most laboratories concerned

with the identification and measurement of organic and inorganic compounds .

In every branch of molecular biology, medicine and the life sciences, the spectrophotometer is an essential aid to both research and routine control.


References The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems. Mahammad Ali Mazidi, 1st edition, LPE, India (2002). References on web:http://spectrophotometers.com/Products/UV-Visible+Split+Beam-7.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrophotometry

http://bouman.chem.georgetown.edu/S00/handout/spectrometer.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deuterium_arc_lamp

http://www.shsu.edu/~chm_tgc/primers/pdf/mono.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromator

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/grating.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_gain_control

http://www.mrclab.com/Media/Uploads/CD/SPECTRO-V-UV-1618OPR.pdf

http://www.mrclab.com/Media/Uploads/V-UV-1600-1800-Software.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current-to-voltage_converter

http://sales.hamamatsu.com/assets/applications/ETD/pmt_handbook_complete.pdf


http://spectrophotometers.com/Products/UV-Visible+Split+Beam-7.html

http://spectrophotometers.com/Products/UV-Visible+Split+Beam-7.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrophotometry

http://bouman.chem.georgetown.edu/S00/handout/spectrometer.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deuterium_arc_lamp

http://www.shsu.edu/~chm_tgc/primers/pdf/mono.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromator

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/grating.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_gain_control

http://www.mrclab.com/Media/Uploads/CD/SPECTRO-V-UV-1618OPR.pdf

http://www.mrclab.com/Media/Uploads/V-UV-1600-1800-Software.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current-to-voltage_converter



Queries??


Thank You


main project 2nd review (2)

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