2nd march 2011 iii main
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr. JohnsonAn Introduction
Literary Criticism2nd March 201110:30- 11:25
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Dr. Johnson
Samuel Johnson
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Johnson a Multi-faceted Personality
Poet Essayist Critic Biographer Conversationalist Lexicographer
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Life of Johnson Birth Education Career Family Death
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Birth Son of a bookseller Born at Litchfield Born on 18th September,1709 Born to Michael Johnson and Sarah Ford Poverty marred his childhood As his father grew huge debt ILL health affected his childhood
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Education As a child displayed great intelligence His education began at his age of three At four he was sent to nearby school Age of six sent to a shoemaker At seven attended Litchfield Grammar
School Went to Pembroke College, Oxford
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Career 1 Worked as a teacher at the Grammar
School in Market Bosworth Published his first essays in the
Birmingham Journal Started a school at Edial but a failure Johnson worked with Edward Cave, the
founder of The Gentleman’s Magazine In 1747 began Dictionary Project
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Career 2 The Vanity of Human Wishes appeared in 1749 It was his longest poem Irene, his tragedy appeared in the same year The Dictionary of The English Dictionary was
finally published in 1755 Published Essays Wrote number of political articles The Lives of the Poets was published in 1781
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Family Married Mrs.Elisabeth Porter in 1735 She was a widow 20 years older than
Johnson Hester Thrale came close to him after his
wife’s death
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Death On 13th December 1784 death visited him In the form of pneumonia Was Buried in Westminster Abbey Before death Johnson threw letters,
manuscripts and personal writings in to fire
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Works of Johnson 1 LONDON, 1738 MARMOR NORFOLCIENSE, 1739 THE COMPLEANT VINDICATION OF THE
LICENSERS OF THE STAGE, 1739 AN ACCOUNT OF THE LIFE OF MR. RICHARD
SAVAGE, 1744 THE VANITY OF HUMAN WISHES, 1749 THE RAMBLER, 1750-1752 (208 nos., in 6 vols.
1752)
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Works of Johnson 2 THE ADVENTURER , 1752-1759 (with others,
140 nos., 2 vols. in 1753-54) DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE,
1755 THE PRINCE OF ABISSINIA / RASSELAS, 1759 THE PLAYS OF William Shakespeare, 1765, (ed.
8 vols.) THE FALSE ALARM, 1770 THOUGHTS ON FALKLAND'S ISLANDS, 1771
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Works of Johnson 3 AN ACCOUNT OF THE LIFE OF MR. RICHARD SAVAGE,
1774 A JOURNEY TO THE WESTERN ISLANDS OF SCOTLAND,
1775 TAXATION NO TYRANNY, 1775 THE LIVES OF THE MOST EMINENT ENGLISH POETS,
1777-81 PREFACES, BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL, TO THE
WORKS OF THE ENGLISH POETS, 1779-81 (10 vols., as The Lives of the English Poets, 1781, rev. ed. 1783, 1905, 1972, ed. by J.P. Hardy)
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Works of Johnson 4 PRAYERS AND MEDITATIONS, 1785 THE WORKS, 1787
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Relax for a while
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Back to Johnson
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Johnson as a Critic Did not produce any great singular work on
criticism Exerted a great influence on English
criticism never before The last of neo-classicists Practical criticism Literature is governed by the writer’s age
and environment
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Johnson’s Works as a Critic A dozen papers in Rambler Remarks on poetry in Rasselas Preface to the Plays of Shakespeare Lives of the Poets
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Johnson’s Criticism 1 Conformity to nature and reason is the
basic test of literary excellence Not for rigidity in rules Historical estimate is an important factor in
the real estimation of author Poetry affords pleasure Poetry imitates truth or life
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Johnson’s Criticism 2 Poetry is an imitation of life through
particular they present universal Imitation should be of general nature That is, what people of most ages do Pleases many and pleases long Morality and truth are the two requirements
of poetry
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Johnson’s Criticism 3 Considered epic superior to all other forms
of verse Among the unities Johnson found only the
unity of action is justified by reason Johnson was the first critic to attempt
practical criticism in a systematic way.
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To Be Continued