magnetism what is magnetism? force of attraction or repulsion due to electron arrangement magnetic...
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Magnetism
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What is magnetism?
Force of attraction or repulsion due to electron arrangementMagnetic forces are the strongest at the polesMagnets have two poles: North and South
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Magnetic poles and fields
Magnets always have two polesIf a magnet is cut it will still have two polesLike magnetic poles repel Unlike magnetic poles attractA magnetic field is the area in which magnetic forces act
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Questions
What two forces are involved in magnetism?Which subatomic particle accounts for magnetism?Explain the interaction between magnetic poles when they are close together.
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Magnetic materials
Natural magnets have naturally occurring magnetic properties ex: LODESTONE (magnetite)
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Temporary magnets
Easy to magnetize
Lose their magnetism quickly
Ex: Soft iron
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Permanent magnets
Hard to magnetize
Stay magnetized longer than temporary magnets
Ex: alnico (cobalt, nickel, aluminum)
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Questions
How is a temporary magnet different from a permanent magnet?
Give an example of a natural magnet.
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Earth’s magnetic properties
Gilbert was a scientist that showed that the Earth behaves as a magnet
The Earth’s magnetic field is strongest at the poles
Earth’s magnetic field is called the magnetosphere
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Compasses
Compasses are used to determine directionCompass needles are magnetized and respond to the magnetic field of the EarthCompasses point to the MAGNETIC POLES OF THE EARTH
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Other sources of magnetism
Magnetic fields of the Earth and other planets are related to their cores
The sun is a source of a magnetic field
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Questions
Which scientist described the Earth’s magnetic properties?
Name the devices used to indicate geographic direction based on the Earth’s magnetic field.
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Questions
What is the name of the Earth’s magnetic field?
Where is the Earth’s magnetic field the strongest?
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Magnetic variation
Magnetic poles of the Earth are different from the geographic poles of the Earth
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Magnetic Induction
Process by which materials can be magnetized
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What affects magnetic properties?
Spinning electrons cause some metals to have magnetic properties
Magnetic domains are groups of arranged magnetic fields
Dropping,hammering or heating a magnet will cause a magnet to lose magnetic properties
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Electromagnetism
Discovered by Oersted (scientist)
Relationship between electricity and magnetism
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ElectromagnetsTemporary magnetsMagnetism can be turned on and offMade by wrapping wire around a piece of iron and sending a current through the wireMagnetic field is in the same direction as the electric current
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Increasing the strength of electromagnets
Increasing the voltage or current
Increasing the number of loops of wire
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QuestionsExplain magnetic variation.
What is electromagnetism?
Who discovered electromagnetism?
Name two ways to increase the strength of an electromagnet.
What type of magnet is an electromagnet?
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Electric motors vs. generators
Electric motors convert electricity to mechanical energy in order to do workGenerators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy
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TransformersUsed to increase or decrease voltage
Made of primary and secondary coils
Two types of transformers:
“Step-up” (increase voltage)
“Step-down”(decrease voltage)
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QuestionsHow is a generator different from an electric motor?Name two types of transformers.How is a step-up transformer different from a step down transformer?What are the two parts of a transformer?