madagascar environmental program ii - ter

8/13/2019 Madagascar Environmental Program II - TER

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MADAGASCAR

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, OF WATERS AND FORESTS

TERMINAL EVALUATIONUNDP/GEF UNDP/TRAC COMPONENTS

MADAGASCAR SECOND ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMMAG/96/G31 & MAG/97/003 PROJECTS

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LIST OF ACRONYMS

AGERAS Appui la Gestion Rgionale et l'Approche SpatialeAGEX Agence d'ExcutionAGIR Appui la Gestion de l'Environnement travers des Instruments RgionalissANAE Association Nationale dActions EnvironnementalesANGA Association Nationale pour la Gestion des Aires rotges!A E !omposante dAppui aux Aires rotges!"E !omit de "onds pour l'Environnement!"SIGE !entre de "ormation aux Sciences de l'In#ormation Gographi$ue et de l'Environnement!I%E !omit Interministriel sur l'Environnement!G !oordination Gnrale des ro&ets

!I !onservation International! S !omit d rientation et de Suivi!NE !omit Natonal pour l'Environnement!NRE !entre National de la Recherche sur l'Environnement!() !omit (erritorial )centralis!RA)ES !omit Rgional d'Appui au )veloppement Economi$ue et Social de la rgion )IANA)A *+,+- )ocument d'Appui au rogramme *+,+-)GE )irection Gnrale de l'Environnement)GE" )irection Gnrale des Eaux et "or.ts)GE )irection Gnrale de l'Elevage et de la .che)IREE" )irection Interrgionale de l'Environnement + des Eaux et "or.ts)SR )ocument de Stratgie pour la Rduction de la auvretEA Environnemental Action lanEIS Environnemental Impact Stud/E%! Environnement %arin et !0tier EN Environmental National olic/E I+ II+ III Environmental rogram+ phases *+ ,+ and -"I) "onds d'Intervention pour le )veloppement"I)A "onds International pour le )veloppement Agricole" "I"A "oi1e "i2arohana mom1an'n/ "ampandrosoana" RAGE "onds Rgional d'Appui la Gestion de l'Environnement"(% National Geographic InstituteGE" Glo1al Environment "acilit/GE3 SE Gestion 3ocale Scurise des Ressources Naturelles Renouvela1lesGIS Geographic In#ormation S/stemGI4! Gestion Intgr des 4ones !0ti5res

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IIGE oliti$ue+ Instrument+ In#ormation pour la Gestion de l'Environnement3" R@G(4 ro&et Appui la mise en oeuvre de la oliti$ue "oresti5re #inanc par la !oopration Allemande

S)R rogramme de Soutien au )veloppement Rural(A lan de (ravail Annuel

RE" Biodiversit Recherche Environnementale "inalise sur la BiodiversitSAGE Services dAppui la Gestion de lEnvironnementSI3; SNR% Sustaina1le Natural Resource %anagement(>A (axe sur les >aleurs A&outes(E3%A (elecom %alagas/6N) 6nited Nations )evelopment rogram6N X 6nited Nations6SAI) 6CSC Agenc/ #or International )evelopment

6(R 6nit (echni$ue Rgionale> I 3ocal Base !ommunities7!S 7ildli#e !onservation Societ/77" 7orld 7ide "und #or Nature @ 7orld 7ildli#e "und 96S:7B (he 7orld Ban2

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T!-'. % %n .n +Executive summar/CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

* IntroductionCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC*C* urpose and scope o# the evaluationCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC*C, %ethodolog/ o# the evaluationCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

, (he program and its development contextCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC,C* rogram start and durationCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC,C, ro1lems that the second phase o# the Environment rogram see2s to address CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC,C- Immediate and development o1&ectives CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC,CD %a&or sta2eholdersCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC,C Bene#iciariesCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC,CF Expected and 1served ResultsCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

- "indings and !onclusionsCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC-C* ro&ect "ormulationCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

-C*C* !ountr/ oHnership@)riveness CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !onsistenc/ Hith national environmental and development agenda+ and Hith

national@sectoral development plansCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC utcomes incorporation into national and sector development plansCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Involvement o# countr/ representatives in pro&ect identi#ication@planning@implementation Government commitment to the programCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

-C*C, Implementation approach CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC3ogical #rameHor2CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

ro&ect adaptation to changing conditionsCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC artnerships in implementation arrangementCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !hanges in pro&ect designCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC verall pro&ect managementCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Ade$uac/ o# the intervention strateg/ CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

-C*C- Sta2eholder participation @ u1lic involvement CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCIn#ormation disseminationCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

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-C,C* "inancial lanning CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Actual cost 1/ activit/CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

"inancial managementCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Lualit/ o# #inancial controls+ including reporting+ and planning CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC GE" grant and co


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E . #$. + 22!"(

1 In "%4 #%n

An independent evaluation o# the 6N) supported components o# the second phase o# the%adagascar environmental program 9E II: Has conducted 1/ an independent team composed o#an international consultant and a national counterpart+ commissioned 1/ the 6N) !ountr/

##ice in %adagascarC (he present document presents the 2e/ #indings o# their evaluationC

(he Environmental rogram Has ela1orated to implement the national Environmental Actionlan in three phases over a period o# * /earsC (he E II+ executed #rom *JJ to ,KK-+ had

adopted a program approach and Has multi


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(he mandate o# the AGERAS component Has to provide support to the development o# adecentrali ed+ multi


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%anagement o# ra##ia 9 Raphia ruffa: palm stands 1ased on sustaina1le harvesttechni$ues and respect #or mar2et $ualit/ standardsSustaina1le use and mar2eting o# traditional her1al medicinesC

In#ormation s/stem)evelopment o# a 1iodiversit/ data1ase on commerciall/ use#ul species 9, Kspecies:Biodiversit/ inventories #or the Hestern dr/ #orest 9%i2ea #orest:+ tHo easternrain#orest corridors+ ra##ia palms

3 D.$.'%52.n % . n! #%n!' #n+ # #%n!' !5! # ( #n . #.'4 % 5!" # #5! %".n$#"%n2.n !' 2!n!*.2.n

Initiall/+ the National Environment ##ice 9 NE: Has the executing agenc/ o# E IIC (he creationin 8anuar/ ,KK, o# the NG SAGE 9Service dAppui la Gestion de l nvironnement : resulted#rom the #usion o# the operational elements o# #our 9D: components that Here previousl/ under themanagement o# NEC (he #usion o# the components into SAGE stimulated the process o#trans#erring natural resource management rights to local communities and increased its visi1ilit/through its integration Hith marine and coastal management s/stems and sustaina1le 1iodiversit/mar2et development activities+ 1ased on participator/ planningC (his institution #unctions as adecentralised structure Hith one central unit and six regional technical units+ alloHing a 1etter

interaction Hith #ield operationsC(he team is competent+ d/namic and highl/ motivated to move #orHardC It gathers pro#essionals#rom diverse hori ons covering a range o# management disciplinesC In a ver/ short time+ SAGEhas reached a high level o# maturit/ Hhich is demonstrated 1/ their recent initiative to underta2ean in


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outside E II intervention ones+ or inside and outside protected areas+ using 3andsat images 1etHeen *JJ- 9or *JJD: and ,KKKC (he results o# these studies are coherent and indicate that theannual rate o# #orest loss outside protected areas or outside E II intervention areas is tHice+ ormore+ the rate o# #orest loss Hithin E II intervention areasC (his is a strong evidence that E IIhas glo1all/ contri1uted to the reduction o# threats to 1iodiversit/+ although a more #ocusedapproach Hould have increased the visi1ilit/ o# the results and made them more tangi1leC

ne o# the most poHer#ul e##ects o# the E II lies Hith the contractual trans#er o# reneHa1lenatural resources management rights to local communities throughout the countr/C (hesetrans#ers o# management rights are initiated on demand #rom local populationsC 7here care#ull/structured+ and Hith accompan/ing capacit/ 1uilding support+ the trans#ers have resulted in theremoval o# the heaviest pressures on ecos/stems 9de#orestation+tavy #ires+ 1ush #ires+ destructive#ishing practices+ etc: and in the reha1ilitation o# degraded sites 9re#orestation:+ as agreed Hithlocal communities in their contractC Such positive e##ects have 1een o1served in most sites visited 1/ the Evaluation (eam+ sloHing environmental degradation trendsC (he/ result #rom the localcommunities good Hill to ta2e the responsi1ilit/ to preserve the natural resources Hithin theirterritor/+ 1ased on their understanding o# their dependence upon these resources or o# the servicesthe/ provideC (his 1ehaviour and attitudinal change is also a prime result o# E II as Hell as theinversion o# the environmental management approach #rom repression to enticementC In varioussites+ trans#ers o# management rights have 1een accompanied 1/ mar2et


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propert/ rights and on access to natural resources and e$uita1le 1ene#it sharing have 1eendra#ted:C (he positive e##ect o# reducing threats to 1iodiversit/ has 1een ena1led 1/ thedevelopment o# an institutional and legal #rameHor2+ a great contri1ution toHards sustaina1leenvironmental managementC

I22.4#! . %-8. #$.+

O-8. #$. 1 Approaches #or sustaina1le development integrating environmental concerns in thedesign o# regional+ inter


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(he mini


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exercise results+ to optimise capacit/ 1uilding@development e##orts and use o# existing ones#or E IIIC

!arr/ing out socio


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Cc monitor the implementation o# the management measures planned in the managementrights trans#er contracts

Cd measure the level o# integration o# the various trainings Hith 1ene#iciaries and thelevel o# aHareness developed 1/ target audience 9local communities+ participator/communal and regional structures+ and government authorities:

Ce #olloH the d/namics o# the ecos/stems Hhere intense pressures have 1een removed+especiall/ Hhere a dependence lin2 has 1een promoted through management rightstrans#ers to local communities coupled to mar2et


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1 INTRODUCTIONAn independent evaluation o# the 6N) supported components o# the second phase o# the%adagascar environmental program 9E II: Has conducted 1/ an independent team composed o#an international consultant and a national counterpart+ commissioned 1/ the 6N) !ountr/

##ice in %adagascarC (he present document presents their evaluationC

(he Environmental rogram Has ela1orated to implement the National Environmental Actionlan in three phases over a period o# * /earsC (he E II+ executed #rom *JJ to ,KK-+ adopted a

program approach and Has multi


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1 1 P "5%+. !n4 + %5. % . .$!' ! #%nP "5%+.(he purpose o# the terminal evaluation is to evaluate the e##ects o# the 6N) supportedoperations through GE" and 6N) #unds+ in order to draH lessons #or the development o# other programs and pro&ects+ in %adagascar and elseHhere+ and to shape the design o# the third phaseo# the Environment rogramCS %5.(he scope o# the evaluation covers 1oth 6N) and GE" re$uirements #or a terminal evaluation+as Hell as particular $uestions speci#ied in the terms o# re#erence #or the evaluationC (heevaluation applies to the results o# the 6N) supported components o# the program+ andcomprises the #olloHing issues or #ields o# anal/sis*C 3evel o# attainment o# results 9glo1al environmental o1&ectives+ immediate o1&ectives: and

progress made toHards their achievementC ertinence o# results and products 9pro&ectoutputs@activities:C

,C 6nderl/ing #actors+ 1e/ond 6N) competence+ and in#luencing the reali ation o# the e##ect-C Strategic role and contri1ution o# 6N)

DC artnership strateg/C Evaluation according to GE" ro&ect RevieH !riteria !ountr/ oHnership @ )riveness+Implementation approach+ + Sta2eholder participation @ u1lic involvement+ Sustaina1ilit/+Replication approach+ "inancial planning+ !ost


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IntervieHs Hith primar/ 1ene#iciaries guided 1/ the use o# a $uestionnaire 1ase communitiesand participator/ planning structures O visited places are indicated in the ta1les summari ing

the results o# these intervieHs+ presented in Annex ECIntervieHs Hith partners 9(echnical )irections+ other executing agencies:C%eetings on the evolution o# the evaluation Hith the 6N) program o##icer in charge o#environmentC

reparation o# the report addressing GE" and 6N) criteria #or a terminal evaluationresentation o# the 2e/ #indings o# the evaluation 96N) :

T;E PROGRAM AND ITS DEVELOPMENT CONTE


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action to preserve %adagascars 1iodiversit/C (he 2e/ #indings Here then presented to thesta2eholders to evaluate possi1le solutions+ institutional needs and conservation approachesC

(hese consultations revealed the need to Hor2 Hith communities to manage #orests and develop adecentrali ed approach to solve environmental pro1lemsC

3 I22.4#! . !n4 4.$.'%52.n %-8. #$.+(he )evelopment o1&ective o# the E II according to the Sta## Appraisal Report Has to i: reversecurrent environmental degradation trends and promote sustaina1le use o# natural resourcesincluding soil+ Hater+ #orest cover+ and 1iodiversit/+ ii: create conditions #or environmentalconsiderations to 1ecome an integral part o# macroeconomic and sectoral management in

%adagascar (he )evelopment o1&ective o# the E II according to %adagascar Support rogram )A - is#ormulated as #olloHs Natural resources and environmental sustaina1le management+ 1ased on adecentrali ed+ communit/ participator/ approachCImmediate 1&ectives o# the rogram(he immediate o1&ectives o# the 6N) supported components Here initiall/ #ormulated as

*C Sustaina1le development and management o# the marine and coastal areasC,C Regional planning and local management o# natural resources-C Environmental Research @ Biodiversit/ inventor/ and mar2et


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articipator/ planning structures at the regional 9G()R+ Regional )evelopment!ommittee or other:+ communal 9!ommunal )evelopment !ommittee+ !ommunal

participator/ planning@development structures: and local levels 91ase communities+>C CIC:rivate sector private operators in the sector o# 1iodiversit/ resources development

9medicinal plants+ spin/ lo1ster+ aromatic plants+ ecotourism operators:CO ." 5"%8. + / 5"%*"!2+>

6N) overt/ reduction program and promotion o# sustaina1le livelihood 9)A ,: andGovernance rogram and pu1lic polic/ #or sustaina1le human development 9)A *:Rural )evelopment Support rogram 9 A)R: and 9 S)R:

: ?.n. # #!"#.+P"#2!"( -.n. # #!"#.+are the 1ase rural communities as the/ are users and dependent onreneHa1le natural resources #or their livelihoodCIn4#". -.n. # #!"#.+

ther groups have 1ene#ited #rom the program activities )ecentrali ed territorial entities 9exCRegional environmental in#ormation s/stem: participator/ planning structures 9 exC capacit/ 1uilding: the private sector through the organi ation o# mar2et


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Speci#ic1&ectives

1e#ore %arch,KK*

Speci#ic 1&ectivessince %arch ,KK*

Expected results 1served Results

reneHa1le naturalresources sustaina1lemanagement arerein#orced andmo1ili ed in the - pilot

ones

national Hor2ing group+ , regionalHor2ing groups+ inter


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Speci#ic1&ectives

1e#ore %arch,KK*

Speci#ic 1&ectivessince %arch ,KK*

Expected results 1served Results

environmental policies+ strategiesand instruments

#n %"2! #%n+ %" !n#n .*"! .4.n$#"%n2.n !'2!n!*.2.n !"..'!-%"! .4 !n4#25'.2.n .4

Biodiversit/ andrelating texts areela1orated

Environmental National !ommittee+ andsu1mitted to the Government

< (he popular version o# the NationalStrateg/ #or a Sustaina1le %anagement o#Biodiversit/ is o##icial and distri1uted

< Bills on intellectual propert/ and theaccess rights to 1iological resources ande$uita1le sharing are ela1orated+ validated 1/ the Environmental National

!ommittee and su1mitted to theGovernment< A strateg/ #or small island management is

ela1orated< (he National olic/ #or

the coastal onesustaina1le developmentis ela1orated

< A guidance document 9Green paper: #or asustaina1le development o# the marineand coastal ones is ela1orated through a 1road participator/ process and su1mittedto the Government

< (he national polic/ 97hite paper: #or the

sustaina1le development o# coastal onesis ela1orated and su1mitted to theGovernment

3 FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS

3 1 P"%8. F%"2 '! #%n

3 1 1 C% n "( % n."+ #5/D"#$.n.++

%rating! satisfactory&

!onsistenc/ Hith national environmental and development agenda+ and Hithnational@sectoral development plans


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utcomes incorporation into national and sector development plans(he National "orest %anagement lan and the Regional "orest rograms+ #ormali ed as

provincial orders+ promote the management rights trans#ers+ the development o# mar2et


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communities to ela1orate their plansC (his process too2 place #olloHing a demand


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ro&ect adaptation to changing conditions(hroughout the execution o# E II+ there has 1een a lot o# changes in the external contextC Nota1l/+ at the institutional level+ national institutions and donors directors have #olloHed oneanother 9, residents o# the Repu1lic+ , 6N) Representatives+ , 7B Representatives+ , 6SAI))irectors+ - %inisters in charge o# Environment+ - %inisters o# 7aters and "orests+ a successiono# province !hie#s and o# %a/ors at the communal level in the decentrali ation context:C Inaddition+ a political and socioeconomic crisis suspended activities #rom 8anuar/ to 8ul/ ,KK,+stopping completel/ #ield activities+ there#ore causing a signi#icant rupture in the processes in progress Hith local communitiesC )espite the sloHing doHn o# activities due to the crisis+ the program continued its implementation oHing to the sta1ilit/ o# the implementing agencies 9 NE+ANGA + ANAE:C

artnerships in implementation arrangementA multi


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(he ! S is the committee in charge o# leading the monitoring and evaluation o# the programC In,KKK+ the ! S meeting o1served that #orest degradation Has continuing outside protected onesand it Has decided to shi#t the emphasis o# the program intervention toHards developing goodgovernanceC In order to monitor the evolution o# #orests and #olloH the development o# goodgovernance in this sector+ an o1servator/ o# the #orestr/ sector 9 S": Has created #olloHing the! S recommendationC

verall pro&ect management>arious committees have 1een set up to achieve the overall management o# this rather complex programC

verall program implementation Has coordinated 1/ NE+ the National Environment ##ice+ and 1/ a steering committee 9*omit( d-rientation et de Suivi+ ! S: Hhich meeting annuall/+ and iscomposed o# representatives o# Government agencies+ E II executing agencies and donorsCA committee involving the !hie# executives o# the executing agencies Has in charge o# theoverall supervision o# the programC (his committee served as the %inistr/ interlocutor #orstrategic decision


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In "e1ruar/ ,KK,+ #olloHing the restructuring o# E II+ the NG SAGE Has esta1lished out o# theoperational components o# NE to provide environmental management support services to localcommunitiesC SAGE capitali es the experiences and o1&ectives o# the three previous componentssupported 1/ 6N) + as Hell as the component GE3 SEC (he activities related to policies+strategies and legislation are 1eing implemented 1/ the component olic/+ Instruments+ andIn#ormation #or Environmental %anagement+ or IIGE@ NEC

(here#ore+ since "e1ruar/ ,KK,+ 6N) has #unded a com1ination o# SAGE and IIGE@ NEactivitiesC (erms and conditions #or the execution o# E II remain unchanged+ and NE remainsthe implementation agenc/ #or )A -+ even though it has delegated the implementation o#operational activities to the association SAGE O "A% AN)R S ANA since "e1ruar/ ,KK,C

Ade$uac/ o# the intervention strateg/(he E II intervention strateg/ can 1e summari ed in a #eH points

A program approach in order to stimulate coherence and development o# a common visionregarding choices and implementation meansA spatial approach #or the reduction o# pressures on natural and human resources!onsideration o# the socio


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!onsultation and sta2eholder participation in the design+ implementation andevaluation o# program activities

"or the implementation o# activities+ the program made use o# the experience and 2noHledge o#the pu1lic sector+ local 1ase communities+ NG s+ and national consulting ca1inets+ and+ in the#irst period+ o# research institutionsC (he pu1lic sector through the technical services 9Hater and#orests+ environment+ cattle ranching and #isheries: is involved in the design o# activities+ in the preparation o# simpli#ied planning and management plans+ and development plans through its participation in decentrali ed structures at the communal+ inter


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motivated to re$uest management rights trans#ers #or various reasons that do not necessaril/involve collecting or exploiting the resources to generate revenuesC (he most importantmotivation is to 1e a1le to exclude migrants or neigh1ouring communities #rom their territor/ and protect their oHn resource accessC Some communities Here #ound to 1e motivated to protect the#orests on their territor/ to preserve the regulator/ potential o# the #orest ecos/stem in aHatershed+ in order to maintain the irrigation capacit/ in the doHnstream cultivation areasC"re$uentl/+ local populations are also motivated to preserve their natural resources+ understandingthe potential #or developing ecotourism pro&ectsC =oHever+ Hhere the potential to generate 1ene#its Hith mar2et


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neigh1ouring areas su##er #rom an increased pressureC (his is the case #or the tapia #orest+ Hherethe pressure #or coal production has increased in the ad&acent #orest areas that have not 1een theo1&ect o# management rights trans#ersC (hese issues should there#ore 1e considered in the contexto# a regional or inter


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3 1 : C%+ . . #$.n.++

!ompliance Hith the incremental cost criteria(he rationale #or GE" #inancial support relies on the exceptional 1iodiversit/ o# glo1alimportance in %adagascar and the insu##icient national capacit/ to address the threats to this 1iodiversit/C (he incremental cost criteria impl/ that GE" #unds should cover onl/ the agreedincremental costs o# measures to achieve glo1al environmental 1ene#its in the #ocal area+i"e" 1iodiversit/ o# glo1al importanceC "or GE"@6N) support to E II+ the co


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micro


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orientations instead o# supporting the existing concerted plansC (hese pro&ects are remunerating participation to activities+ then adopting an approach Hhich is against the sel#


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adopted 1/ SAGE to contract out 2e/ service deliver/ #unctions #or operational activities to other parties+ might partl/ explain this high proportionC

T!-'. 3 GEF !n4 TRAC n4+ -( . 5.n+. ! .*%"( %" . 5."#%4 1997 %003 BJ '( %" . UNDP + 55%" .4 %25%n.n +A !' %+ BUSD

E 5.n+. ! .*%"#.+ GEF TRACInternational consultants K F, D-- *F National consultants * D F J,D F, KAdministrative assistant - D *-- *- JKJ%onitoring M Evaluation * * , K F-%issions 96N) @GE" experts: DK -- KT% !' ) P."+%nn.' - ,F * J KD D D!ontracts 9su1contracting: * JJ F-K D,- - -(raining * K , F*- J FKDE$uipment J * *K* *F, -F>arious D J-F * - -,T% !' D FJ * J F-

"inancial management6N) support to the implementation o# E II is #inanced through the programs %AG@J @KK-#unded 1/ 6N) O (RA! #unds 9*C % 6SV: and %AG@JF@G-* #unded 1/ the GE" 9 % 6SV:CInitiall/+ 6N) @GE" provided support to three operational E II components Support toregional management and spatial approaches 9AGERAS:+ Environmental applied research @%ar2et


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< dela/s in the pa/ment o# (>A #or 8IRA%A and (E3%A 1/ the Government+ althoughmeetings have ta2en place Hith NE and the %inistr/ o# lan to solve to this pro1lem

< some expenses exceeding planned 1udget< dela/s in regulating re$uests #or expense commitmentCImprovements Here recommended #or internal controls+ such as a 1etter control o# certainexpenses 9#uel+ telephone communications+ supplies:C Some o# the recommendations have not 1een #olloHed 1/ corrective actions 9as is the case #or unused made out che$ues that do not 1earthe mar2ing PcancelledQ:C

Lualit/ o# #inancial controls+ including reporting+ and planning

Audits have 1een ta2ing place on a /earl/ 1asis #or the /ears *JJ to ,KK,C (he examination isconducted 1oth Hith 6N) and NEC Reports Here prepared separatel/ #or %AG@JF@G-* and%AG@J @KK-C According to terms o# re#erence+ audits had to veri#/ the #inancial andadministrative management+ technical reali ations+ and program managementC (he rate o#technical and #inancial reali ation Has onl/ indicated #or the /ears ,KK* and ,KK,C (he auditreport #or the /ear *JJJ highlights the importance to implement anal/tical accounting Hithappropriate so#tHare+ in order to achieve an e##ective control o# the 1udget Hithin eachcomponentC (his recommendation Has #olloHed 1/ the implementation o# an anal/ticalaccounting s/stem and appropriate training during the /ear ,KKKC

GE" grant and coA6SAI)+ 7orld Ban2+ and 77"+ Hhich contri1utions amounts to D DD --J 6S)Exclusive resources and #unds generated 1/ environmental impact studies 9EIS: have 1een

mo1ili ed to complement 6N) #unds #or a total amount o# DK* * 6S)+ Hhich Has mostl/used to cover NE operation expensesC!o


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o# regional and local development plansC (he GE"@6N) supported components executed 1/SAGE have leveraged signi#icant #inancing Hhich is contri1uting to the attainment o# the program o1&ectivesC A #eH regional management programs 9called sous$programmes: ela1oratedHith the participator/ planning structures Hith the support o# SAGE 9AGERAS: have ena1led themo1ili ation o# #unds #or the implementation o# some or all activities planned in the programsC"or example+ the sous$programme #or =aute


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reports 9semi


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3 3 R.+ ' +

3 3 1 A !#n2.n % %-8. #$.+

)evelopment o1&ectives

iii: R.$."+. "".n .n$#"%n2.n !' 4.*"!4! #%n ".n4+ !n4 5"%2% . + + !#n!-'. +.% n! "!' ".+% " .+, #n ' 4#n* +%#', ! .", %".+ %$.", !n4 -#%4#$."+# (9rating! satisfactory:

(he E II has succeeded in sloHing doHn ecological degradation trends and 1iodiversit/ loss in

target areas o# intervention there#ore contri1uting signi#icantl/ to this development o1&ectiveC(his is clearl/ illustrated 1/ #our studies, comparing the rates o# change o# #orest cover inside andoutside E II intervention ones+ or inside and outside protected areas+ using 3andsat images 1etHeen *JJ- 9or *JJD: and ,KKKC (he results o# these studies are coherent and indicate that theannual rate o# #orest loss outside protected areas or outside E II intervention areas is tHice+ ormore+ the rate o# #orest loss Hithin E II intervention areasC (his is strong evidence that E II hasglo1all/ contri1uted to the reduction o# threats to 1iodiversit/+ although a more #ocused approachHould have increased the visi1ilit/ o# the results and made them more tangi1leC

ne o# the most poHer#ul e##ects o# the E II lies Hith the contractual trans#er o# reneHa1lenatural resources management rights to local communities throughout the countr/C (hesetrans#ers o# management rights are initiated on demand #rom local populationsC 7here care#ull/structured and accompanied 1/ capacit/ 1uilding support+ the/ ma/ result in the removal o# theheaviest pressures on ecos/stems 9de#orestation+tavy #ires+ 1ush #ires+ destructive #ishing practices+ etc: and in the reha1ilitation o# degraded sites 9re#orestation:+ as agreed Hith localcommunities in their contractC Such positive e##ects have 1een o1served in ever/ visited site+there#ore sloHing doHn environmental degradation trendsC (he/ result #rom the local

communities good Hill to ta2e the responsi1ilit/ to preserve the natural resources Hithin theirterritor/+ 1ased on their understanding o# their dependence toHards these resources or o# theservices the/ provideC (his 1ehaviour and attitude change is also a prime result o# E II as Hell asthe inversion o# the environmental management approach #rom command and control to

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has 1een ena1led 1/ the development o# an institutional and legal #rameHor2+ Hhich is a greatachievement toHards sustaina1le environmental managementC

Immediate o1&ectives

O-8. #$. 1 Approaches #or sustaina1le development integrating environmental concernsin the design o# regional+ inter


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(he mini


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regulations pursue the same o1&ectives as the program in terms o# decentrali ed developmentapproach+ participator/ approach and trans#er o# management rights to local communitiesC

(he adoption o# dina in the context o# management rights trans#ers rein#orces the pro&ecto1&ectivesC According to local populations themselves+ this traditional laH is #ar more e##ectivethan a #ine to discourage o##endersC =oHever+ the e##ectiveness o# the dina or an/ regulations issometimes lessened 1/ the limited capacit/+ mostl/ in terms o# e##ective and rapid transportation+at the local level #or the en#orcement o# the regulations and dina+ especiall/ Hhen it is relative torestricted or #or1idden collection over large or distant territories 9exC large #orests or mangroves:C

Incorporation o# environmental and ecological #actors a##ecting #uture #loH o# 1ene#its

(his a Hea2ness in the planning o# the management rights trans#ers to local communities Hhere astrong reduction o# the pressures on the ecos/stem results #rom the trans#ersC (here is insu##icientmonitoring o# the evolution o# the d/namics o# the resources #or Hhich an economicaldependence o# the populations could result #rom the pro&ect activitiesCSustaina1ilit/ is also threatened 1/ insu##icient integration o# 1asic in#ormation on 1iological parameters that determine sustaina1le productive capacit/ o# a resource and+ in turn+ thesustaina1le level o# revenue 1ased on the exploitation or use o# that resourceSustaina1ilit/ is also threatened 1/ limited capacit/ #or the determination o# sustaina1leexploitation levels or carr/ing capacit/+ including 2noHledge 1ase on the 1iolog/ and state o#resourcesC

)evelopment o# appropriate institutional capacitiesInstitutions

(he creation o# the institutions Has not guided 1/ a strateg/ #or assuring their sustaina1ilit/ nor 1/ a clear vision o# the roles that these actors Hould pla/ on the national scene+ or on the permanent or temporar/ status o# these rolesC (heir mandate Has not conceived 1e/ond thecontext o# the environmental programC Being aHare its precarious situation+ SAGE has started tothin2 a1out de#ining a development and institutional strategic plan Hith the help o# a nationalconsultantC =oHever use#ul+ that exercise has not generated the expected result o# designing anaction plan #or the development o# SAGE that integrates a 1usiness planC (he development o#

,F


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can there#ore hardl/ support the operational costs o# the communal participator/ planningstructuresC

-(he organi ational structures at the local communit/ level Here #ounded on the mo1ili ationo# volunteers Hho expected to 1ene#it #rom the trans#er o# the reneHa1le natural resourcesmanagementC "olloHing their demand+ these structures get a support to constitute #ormalassociationsC (hese structures have received training to improve or develop neH su1sistenceor revenue generating activities in order to reduce their dependenc/ upon unsustaina1leactivities and to compensate #or the a1andonment o# prohi1ited activitiesC

3 3 3 R!#+#n* ! !".n.++ !2%n*+ + !=. %'4."+ %" -#%4#$."+# ( !n4 .n$#"%n2.n+ + !#n!-'. 2!n!*.2.nE II has raised much aHareness amongst local communities on the opportunities and 1ene#its provided 1/ the sustaina1le use o# natural resources+ especiall/ through the process o#trans#erring management rightsC According to intervieHed local populations+ the relative long)1

:&1E apr,s la restructuration de l!>ffice )ational de

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environnement' Proposer ventuellement une rorientation despro rammes en cours afin de mieux int rer la dimensionenvironnementale En particulier$ identifier des axes d!intervention qui

int, reront mieux la estion de l!environnement$ celle de l!Eau et desCatastrophes )aturelles'

3. %&O !ITS ATTEN !S E "#E$A"!ATION

&u cours du PE2$ les fonds 1E* a ant t mis en uvre conFointement par la A? et leP)(%$ le produit de l!valuation sera ;

< un rapport final conFoint A?/P)(% sous format 1E* BC voir annexe 54

< un rapport spcifique sur les financements &C< un rapport sur les prospectives PE3 et ()%&*

4. E'!I%E C(A&)EE E "#E$A"!ATION

-!quipe d!valuation sera compose d!un consultant international ainsique d!un homolo ue national' Cette quipe travaillera en troitecollaboration avec l!expert de la Aanque ?ondiale char de l!laborationde l!BC ' -e consultant international aura la responsabilit lobale de

l!valuation pour le P)(%/1E*' :pcialiste dans la estion des ressourcesnaturelles 50 ans d!exprience minimum4$ il devra possder desexpriences en mati,re de suivi et d!valuation de pro rammes/proFets' Blpossdera en outre de bonnes capacits d!anal se et une parfaiteconnaissance de la lan ue franKaise'

-!homolo ue national sera propos par le ?inist,re de l!Environnement etdes Eaux et *or.ts' Bl sera spcialis en mati,re de suivi et d!valuationdes pro rammes/proFets de coopration technique'

Cette quipe devra pralablement au dmarra e de sa mission$ clarifier lestermes de rfrence et prparer son plan de travail qui sera approuv par leP)(%'

D


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-e consultant international bnficiera d! un home LorM d!une dure deuxsemaines dont une semaine avant sa mission ?ada ascar'

-a mission ?ada ascar commencera le 20 Fuillet et aura une dure dequatre +4 semaines'

-a mission parta era r uli,rement les donnes recueillies avec l!quipe duProFet et le personnel du P)(%'

-a mission procdera un dbriefin avec le P)(%$ l!(:&B%$ le Conseil)ational de :ecours et l!quipe du ProFet'

(n proFet de rapport sera prpar par les membres de la mission et transmisaux parties concernes deux Fours avant la session de dbriefin '

-e Chef de mission sera responsable de la rdaction du rapport sous saversion dfinitive qui sera remise au P)(% au plus tard dans les dix 504 Foursapr,s la fin de la mission'

:ans prFu er des exi ences de format du 1E*$ la mission respectera leformat du P)(% sur le rapport d!valuation et remplira conformment auxprocdures du P)(% le " ProFect Evaluation Bnformation :heet #

-e P)(% sera responsable de la prsentation officielle du rapport final auxdpartements ministriels concerns$ ainsi qu!aux units concernes duP)(%'


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Ann. ? I #n."!"(

Ann. . ? I #n "!#".

,KCK Arrive Antananarivo,*CK O , CK Antananarivo Rencontres o##icielles+ avec les partenaires+ les agences

dexcution du E,+ consultation de documents de conception du programmeet produits dans le cadre du E,

, CK Antananarivo O Itas/ O Antananarivo,JCK O K*CK Antananarivo O )iego Antsiranana O Am1an&a O Nos/ Sa2atia O Nos/


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Ann. . C

L#+ . 4.+ 5."+%nn.+ % *"% 5. ".n %n " +

Ann. . C

< % S/lvain RAB ( ARIS N %inistre de l'Environnement+ des Eaux et"or.ts

< % Bouri 8ean >ictor SAN= 6I)I !oordonateur Rsident Nations 6nies %adagascar < % %ansourou !=I( 6 Reprsentant Rsident Ad&oint N6) %adagascar < %me No\line RA N)R? N6) %adagascar < %me 8umana "ARA= Ban$ue %ondiale< %me !laudine RA%IARIS N SAGE< %me (iana Eva RA4A"IN)RA; ( SAGE< %me Aro RA( > N %EN8ANA=ARI SAGE< %me "leurette AN)RIAN(SI3A> !G @ %INEN>E"< %me "licit RE8 )IREE" (oliara< %me Nivo AN)RIA%B 3AN R NE

< %me =a&anirina RA4A"IN)RAINIBE SAGE< %me 8ocel/ne RAS ANIRINA SAGE @ 6(R (oliara< % =eritiana RAN)RIA%IARANA SAGE< % =u1ert RA; ( ARIS N SAGE< % Eric2 RA; ( %A> SAGE< % =ari1en&a AN)RIAN(S A>INA SAGE< % =aingo RAS 3 NIRINARI%ANANA SAGE @ 6(R )igo< % 3aurent A% I3A=? SAGE @ 6(R )igo< % 8ean !harles IS SAGE @ Nos/


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< % RA( > N %EN8ANA=AR? )irection Gnrale de lTlevage et de la .che< % %am/ AN)RIAN(S A )irection de la .che< % Bernard ; ( )GE< % Armand RABEARI>E3 %aire !ommune Rurale Arivonimamo II< % N/ Andr/ RANARI>E3 ANGA @ (oliara< % (ovo AN)RIA%IARIS A 77"@ (oliara< % 8ocel/n Ra2otomalala ANGA< % =onor RA4A"I%BE3 "A< % AndreH ! ;E ex "A !( E%!< % =er/ N6) %adagascar

< % !hr/sante RAN)RIA%B 3 3 NA N6) %adagascar < % !hristophe >eloson (sira#/ )irection de la .che @ (oliara< % Ttienne (SARA8 R %aire de la !ommune de Nos/< Be< !RA)ES !omit Rgional d'Appui au )veloppement Economi$ue et Social de la rgion )IANA< "E) late#orme pour l'Environnement et de )veloppement de Nos/< Be< "I%I%AN !omit intercommunal de dveloppement Ana2ao< !omit de )veloppement !ommunal d'Am1ohimitom1o

< !omit de )veloppement !ommunal d'Andranomiditra< !ommunaut 3ocale de Base Ana2ao @ (oliara< !ommunaut 3ocale de Base d'Antsampana @ Am1an&a< !ommunaut 3ocale de Base de Nos/ Sa2atia RASIS @ Nos/


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Ann. . E .+ #%nn!#".+ #'#+ + . +%22!#". 4.+ " + ' ! +

G #4. 4 .n ". #.n 5% " '.+ ".n %n ".+ !$. '.+ 5!" #.+ %n ."n .+ . '.+%22 n! + #25'#H .+ 4!n+ '.+ "!n+ ." + 4. *.+ #%n 4.+ ".++% " .+ n! ".''.+

".n% $.'!-'.+ . '! 2#+. .n 5'! . 4 n 5"% .++ + 4. 5'!n# # ! #%n 5!" # #5! #$.

G"% 5.+ #-'.+ ".n %n "." !ommunauts locales de 1ase ou >C CICStructures de concertation communalesStructures de concertation intercommunales ou rgionales

P" +.n ! #%n 4. '! 2#++#%n 4 $!' ! #%n . 4. +.+ %-8. # +*C Remerciements adresss aux participants,C rsentation de l$uipe dvaluation-C Explication des o1&ecti#s de lvaluation

< Tvaluer dans $uelle mesure la stratgie de mise en ]uvre du programme a t approprie+e##icace et e##icienteC< Tvaluer la pertinence et la dura1ilit des actions ralises et leur adoption par les parties

concernesC< rsenter des recommandations pour la poursuite dactivits dans le 1ut de prenniser et

consolider les ac$uisC3a mission dvaluation na pas pour o1&ecti# principal de W noter le taux de succ5s du

programme et des intervenants $ui ont contri1u le mettre en ]uvre+ ou didenti#ier lesresponsa1les des checsC 3valuation #inale est prvue dans le c/cle du pro&et pour permettre unapprentissage autant sur la 1ase des expriences $ui nont pas t concluantes $ue de celles $uiont atteint leurs o1&ecti#s O en identi#iant les #acteurs de succ5s et de russite comme les #acteurs

J


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.+ #%n+ 5% " * #4." '.+ .n ". #.n+

A$. '.+ %22 n! +rsences O hommes et #emmeserceptions des mem1res des communauts sur la nature du r0le et sur les droits $ui leur sont

dvolus dans la gestion des RNR et dans la plani#ication participativeC!onnaissance des procdures et des textes lgaux rgissant le trans#ert de gestion des RNR par les communauts_ Luelle est la di##rence avec ce $ui tait prescrit par lTtat relativementaux ressources_

!onnaissance du contenu du cahier de charges $ui accompagne le contrat de trans#ert degestion_ Luel est le r0le de la commune_ Luel est le r0le de lTtat_!omment ont


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.+ #%n+ 5% " * #4." '.+ .n ". #.n+

A$. '.+ + " ".+ 4. %n ." ! #%n %22 n!'.+ % " *#%n!'.+erceptions des parties concernes sur la nature du r0le et sur les droits $ui leur sont dvolus

dans le trans#ert de gestion des RNR !e r0le et ces droits dpassent


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S%22!#". 4.+ " + ' ! + ) C%22 n! + '% !'.+ 4. -!+. ) V O I

An +! !25!n% N%+( S!=! #! A2-% #2# %2-% An4"!n%2#4# "! A"#$%n#2!2% An!=!%P!" # #5! #%n '!".n %n ".

*D hommes #emmes *J hommes*F #emmes hommes* #emme D hommesD "emmes hommes- #emmes K hommes

A55"%5"#! #%n5!" '.+

%22 n! +

Excellente connaissance ducontenu du cahier decharges et desresponsa1ilits de la > I+des services techni$ues+ dela commune et de lTtat3es actions de re1oisementdpassent les prescriptionsdu cahier de charges

Bonne connaissance desdroits et des responsa1ilitsde la > I dans la gestiondes ressources naturellesrenouvela1lesBonne connaissance ducontenu du cahier decharges mais mauvaiseconnaissance du r0le desservices techni$ues+ de lacommune et de lTtat enraison du taux levdanalpha1tisme

as de perception tr5s nettedes r0les et responsa1ilitsdu > I dans le contexte dutrans#ert de gestionC!ontr0le de lapplication dudina par un comit devigilanceC Attitude etimplication soutenues+respect intgral dudina pourla conservation de la #or.tC!ontenu du cahier decharges pas encore connu par la communaut $uidpend de la lecture par le

rsident du > I en raisondu #ort taux danalpha15tesC

!ontenu du cahier decharge non connu car le processus de trans#ert degestion est encore en coursBonne connaissance desresponsa1ilits des > Idans la gestion desressources naturelles

Bonne connaissance desdroits et r0les des > I dansla gestion des ressourcesnaturelles dans le contextede trans#ert de gestion

rservation de la #or.t etcontr0le de l'application des)ina!onnaissance des r0les desServices (echni$ues+ del'Etat+ de la commune

Bonne connaissance ducontenu des cahiers decharge et des r0les des > Idans la gestion desressources naturelles!ontr0le de l'application desdina et surveillance desressources

G% $."n!n . )emande dappui SAGE rocessus issu des

demandes de lacommunaut #ace au constatde lchec de la gestioncentralise des ressourcesnaturelles renouvela1les et#ace aux possi1ilits o##ertesaux communauts dans lecontexte de la loi GE3 SE

)emande dappui la suitede la sensi1ilisation parl NE sur la loi GE3 SE par conviction $uunemeilleure gestion peut .treopre par les communauts travers les dina

)emande de trans#ert degestion motive parlloignement du service#orestier $ui ne peut assurerle contr0le et $ui continue autoriser le d#richement+ et par la1ondance de populations animales dansces #or.tsC

)emande de trans#ert degestion motive par lesdiverses possi1ilits o##ertes par la #or.t exemple l'eau

)emande de trans#ert degestion la suite de lasensi1ilisation par l' NE etle Service "orestier sur la loiGE3 SE et par conviction$u'une meilleure gestion peut .tre opre par lescommunauts travers lesdina

)emande de trans#ert degestion motive par lancessit de se protger scurisation de leursressources par rapport l'Etat

Bonne reprsentativit de laStructure de concertationcommunaleIntgration des 1esoinsexprims par les #emmesdans le !)

Bonne reprsentativit de laStructure de concertationcommunale+ possi1lementcompromise par le retard dela mise en ]uvre des micro< pro&ets identi#is par lescommunauts

Bonne reprsentativit de lastructure de concertationcommunaleC 3a #orte participation des mem1res#avorise le sentiment decon#ianceC3es #emmes constituentmoins de *KZ des mem1resdu > I+ en raison de leur#ort taux danalpha1tismeC

Bonne connaissance de lastructure de concertationcommunale

Bonne reprsentativit de lastructure de concertationcommunaleIntgration des 1esoins des#emmes dans le !) $ui at la1or en ,KKK


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An +! !25!n% N%+( S!=! #! A2-% #2# %2-% An4"!n%2#4# "! A"#$%n#2!2% An!=!%A ". + " ".5" +.n . 4!n+ '!

%22 n!

Structure de dveloppementde $uartier 9protectionsociale+ in#rastructuresrouti5res+ dveloppement

social:

Association des amis deSa2atia 9rduction des #euxde 1rousse et re1oisementavec lappui de loprateur

touristi$ue de Nos/ Sa2atia:

Association des #emmes pour la vannerie+ associationdes menuisiers


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An +! !25!n% N%+( S!=! #! A2-% #2# %2-% An4"!n%2#4# "! A"#$%n#2!2% An!=!%les ressources naturelles+#or.ts et mangroves

E . + . #25! +4 PE ) * n "!'

Accroissement deladhsion la !3B

Tmergence duncomportement dauto Iavoisinantes 9 K processusde trans#ert de gestion encours:

!oncepts sur la prservationdes ressources naturelles

mal compris 9remettre lescoraux la m.me place:Intervention de E%!incomprhensi1le par lescommunauts

S + Succ5s des oprations dere1oisement illustr par largnration des mangroveset laugmentation des populations de cra1es et de

crevettesAugmentation de lasatis#action des 1esoinsalimentaires!onscience de laresponsa1ilit envers lecontr0le et la surveillancedes ressources

Bon succ5s de lensem1ledes oprations particuli5rement ladduction par les 1arrages dirrigation

Succ5s des oprations en particulier sur laStructuration des pa/sans enassociation > I!onscience de

responsa1ilit pour prserver la #or.t

!onscience de laresponsa1ilit envers lecontr0le et la surveillancedes ressources

Succ5s des oprations en particulier sur la #ormationen tissage #orte demandedes tissus en soie sur lemarch

Succ5s des oprations diminution des #eux etrgnration des tapia puisdou1le saison de #ruit detapia

Succ5s des oprations en particulier sur lastructuration des pa/sansen association+ la prsenced'une centre de #ormation+

l'appui en matriel de p.che9 moteur hors 1ord:+ enmatriel pour le netto/agede la plage+ la sensi1ilisationsur la propret et la sant

-

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An +! !25!n% N%+( S!=! #! A2-% #2# %2-% An4"!n%2#4# "! A"#$%n#2!2% An!=!%L#2# .+ . 5%#n +

!#-'.+!e succ5s ne se traduit paren une augmentation desrevenus aux communautsC

3a principale limite dutrans#ert de gestion rsidedans linsu##isance desmo/ens de surveillance dela super#icie dont la gestiona t trans#re D,- haC

%auvais choix du th5me de#ormation relative laculture d'algues

)iminution de la con#iancede la population vis vis dela plate#orme deconcertation $ui n'ont pastrouver de #inancement pourles 1esoins exprims

!e succs ne se traduit pas par une augmentation derevenus aux communauts

!e succs ne se traduit pas par une augmentation derevenus aux communauts

Succs limit par la prsence des martins et desinsectes nuisi1les $ui

dtruits les vers soieintroduits dans la #or.t

Succs limit parl'incomprhension de la population de l'o1&et des

interventions de E%!)iminution de a production cause de la prsence des p.cheurs migrants ou provenant des villagesvoisins

P" % 5! #%n+ .! .n .+ ".'! #$.+

' ! $.2.n 4PE


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CRADES PFED K! #2!n#"( F#2#2!n%P!" # #5! #%n '!".n %n ".

F hommes *J hommes, #emmes

hommes* #emme

F hommes

C%nn!#++!n . 4.+" '.+ . 4.+ 4"%# +

R0le d'appui et desensi1ilisation des > I surla prservation del'environnementR0le de ren#orcement desactions locales etindividuelles

R0le dappui et desensi1ilisation des > I surla prservation delenvironnementR0le de ren#orcement desactions locales etindividuelles

I sur la prservation de lenvironnement

< R0le d'appui et desensi1ilisation des populationssur la conservation desressources

les domaines d'activits du!RA)ES < Ela1oration des !) verts< Sensi1ilisation@ ducationenvironnementale< Appui la structuration

des communauts de 1ase< articipation l'la1orationdes AGS et suivi descahiers de charge par lestechniciens mem1res

3es domaines dactivits du"E) suivent D axes

< sensi1ilisation@ ducation@in#ormationenvironnementales< prvention et rduction des pollutions< gestion rationnelle desressources naturellesrenouvela1les< activits gnratrices derevenus pour rduire laculture sur 1r lis


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CRADES PFED K! #2!n#"( F#2#2!n%!ommunicationb 1esoins exprims< Anal/se socio


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CRADES PFED K! #2!n#"( F#2#2!n%mondiale de l'environnement< naissance de #orce de lo11/ingaupr5s des politiciens9contrepoids politi$ue:

. + Appui tr5s limit au niveau de lacommunication et dudplacement vers les onesenclaves< 3es sous programmes sontla1ors+ mais non concrtiss par man$ue de mo/en #inancier9cas =aute Ramena:

3application de la %E!IEne tient pas su##isammentcompte des ralits locales Oex autorisation deconstruction accorde surune `le de ponte de tortuesmarines3environnement ur1ainnest pas considr dans les plans de gestion mais peutavoir des impacts importantssur les actions menes avecles populations

3'utilisation de pirogue ramenon compati1le pour lasurveillance de la c0te

P" % 5! #%n+".'! #$.+ '! #n 4PE

Besoin d'appui pour laconcrtisation des travaux encours comme les trans#erts degestionBesoin d'appui pour trouver des#inancements

Besoin dappui pour lesin#rastructures

as de relation directe avecle %inist5re delEnvironnement

Besoin d'appui pour lesin#rastructures touristi$ues route+ pont+ piste en #or.tBesoin d'appui pour trouver de#inancement3a corruption entre la populationet les agents #orestiers pourl'autorisation de d#richement3a #idlit et la motivation desmem1res du !)!

madagascar environmental program ii - ter

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