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Lycee El Horreya Second Prep [Upstream]

Language School [English Section ] First Term

Module One

Unit One – Neighbours

● Phrasal Verbs :-

○ depend on : used to mean that the first of two things will be affected by the

second .

○ chases them away : runs after to make something or someone go away .

○ keeps an eye on things : watches , looks out for .

○ chatting cheerfully : talking happily .

○ clear away : pick up and throw away .

○ keep on good terms : stay friendly .

○ get along : have a good relationship .

● Nouns :-

○ chores : regular work .

○ bulbs : large, round roots that grow into flowers or vegetables .

○ patch : 1- small area of land where crops are grown .

2- a small piece of material used for covering a hole in your clothes .

○ wrapper : the paper or plastic that covers something you buy , especially food .

● Character Adjectives :-

○ creative : develop original ideas, imaginative .

○ thoughtful : kind and not upset others easily .

○ sensible : showing good judgment and not do childish or silly things .

○ ambitious : want to be successful .

○ caring : be helpful and providing care for others .

○ honest : not tell lies , cheat or steal .

○ joyful : be very happy .

○ easy-going : not get easily annoyed .

○ curious : likes to know other people's business .

○ forgetful : disorganized .

○ keen : enthusiastic .

○ sociable : friendly and enjoys being with other people .

● Choose the correct answer :- 1- I need to [say – keep – tell – stand ] on good terms with my neighbour because he is so good to me .

2- Do you keep your sweet [ players – knacks – wrappers – flier ] in your drawers ?

3- My brother loves to work .He is a [scatterbrain – smart alec – killjoy – workaholic ]. 4- Sandy is a [troublemaker – scatterbrain – chatterbox – lazybones ] . She is forgetful

and disorganized .

5- I'd like to see the tulip [bulb – bug – budget –buff ] .

6- I was very tired [because – so – however – therefore ] I couldn't go to work yesterday . 7- He is a young and very [creative – caring – ambitious – thoughtful ] man .He achieved great success in his career .

8- US companies are very [serious – keen – pitiful – creative ] to enter the Chinese market. 9-

Don't be [greedy – careless – forgetful – selfish ], you have to think of others first . 10- His rude speech drives me [ wild – crazy – worry – imaginative ]. 11- Stop being such a [nosey parker – chatterbox – silly billy – high flier] and be sensible ! you aren't a child.

12- Jane tries to keep on good [tense – terms – turns – curves ] with her neighbours.

13- Without my glasses , I'm as blind as a [bat – fox – owl – Pad ]. 14- Could you [make – have – go – do ] me a favour? 15- Sara [works – has been working – is working – was working ] for our company since 2003.

16- Remember to keep in [feel – see – touch – thought ].

17- Tony keeps a /an [ear – hand – finger – eye ] on things when I'm away.

18- Stop being so anxious and worried [about – for – of – with ] everything.

19-This shirt [is feeling – has felt – feels – was feeling ] very soft. What's it made of ?

20- Go along Nile street and then [pass – cross – across – turn ] left at the stop sign. 21- Kevin is probably the most [cheerful – anxious – aggressive – creative ] person I've ever met. He is always in such a good mood. 22- Jack [has been – has been going – has gone – will go] to the bank , but he won't be long.

23- Do you think this outfit is suitable [to – of – for – with ] a wedding reception ? 24- I [think – thinks – am thinking – thinking ] that Ali will be the first. He's a clever student.

● Complete the sentences with the correct word from the following list :- Careless – lazybones – chatterbox – easy-going – energetic – brought out – babysits – brought forward .

1- Mark Thomas has …………………………a book about French revolution .

2- My friend John is a ………………………because he can't stop talking . 3- My sister, Sara, is a ………………………because she is always tired no matter what

she does .

4- Tom is ………………………. , he always loses his things .

5- Egypt needs a young ,strong and ……………………….. leader.

6-You are ……………………….. . You are not strict and not easily upset . 7-

My neighbour ………………… my baby whenever I am at work .

● Phrasal Verbs :-

1- look after → take care of .

2- run after → pursue , continue doing something .

3- take after → resemble , to be similar .

Complete the following sentences with one of the previous phrasal verbs :

1- Mothers …………………………… their children.

2- A farmer …………………….. his animals . 3- My father and I have the same character, I ……………….…….him much more than my brother .

4- Ann ………………………………… her mum. She looks and behaves just like her

. 5- Emi started to leave , but Smith ……………………….. her . 6- The policeman ……………………. The thief and caught him . 7- Robert is very caring . He ………………………… his brother and helps his sister with her homework.

Word Formation

* We can form adjectives from verbs and nouns by using the following endings:- ful , ic , ive , ible , ious , less , ish , y , ing .

noun verb adjective

- forget …………………….

- create ……………………….

fun - ………………………..

self - ………………………

ambition - ………………………

- excite ………………………

- care ………………………

expense - ……………………..

drama - ……………………..

Complete the following sentences with words from the previous chart :-

1- Medical …………………….are very high so we have to help poor people to have a

good medical care . 2- He is very …………………….. . He wants to become rich and famous .

3- The new factory should ……………………. 450 jobs .

4- Grandpa is getting ……………………………in his old age .

5- Their trip to Australia sounded really …………………………..

Similes

* A simile is an expression that describes something by comparing it with something else using the word "like " or "as" .

● Complete the following sentences with the following expressions :-

as light as a feather as quiet as a mouse as good as gold

as free as a bird as white as a sheet as hungry as a wolf

as quick as lightning as busy as a bee as blind as a bat

1- After passing his exams and with the whole summer ahead of her , Suzan felt

…………………………………………………..

2- My grandmother can't see anything without her glasses . She is

……………………………

3- What's for dinner today ? I'm …………………………………………

4- The box isn't heavy at all . It is …………………………………………………………

5-Tom often fights with the other children at school, but today he is …………………….

……………………………………………………

6-Emily is getting everything ready for the party tonight . She is …………………………

…………………………………………………

7- He was running very fast . He was ………………………………………………………..

8- My grandfather is a kind man , he also likes helping people . He is ……………………

……………………………………

● Complete the sentences with the correct word from the following list :-bowler – punctual – old-fashioned – depicting – reserved – reputation

1- Most of Shakespeare's plays ………………………..the main character as a ruthless

tyrant .

2- He is a cool ,…………………young man . He is unwilling to show or talk about his

thoughts and feelings . 3- Ted's always very ……………………….. . He is always on time .

4- …………………hats are very rare in England nowadays .

5- My father has a …………………….. for being very sensitive .

Grammar

Revision on Tenses

Correct the verbs between brackets :- 1- He always [get up ] at 6 o'clock in the morning, he [brush] his teeth and [have] his breakfast .

……………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2- Cathy [ride] her bicycle yesterday but she [not go] into the town because there [be] too much traffic .

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3- It [snow] outside now ,so my father [stay] at home tonight.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4- Look! The man on the rock [not sleep] , he [fish].

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5- I [play] tennis when the sky [go] cloudy .

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

6- Sarah [get] married next month .

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7- I [already /lose] my passport .

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

8- [you /start] your new job yet ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

9- It [rain] yesterday ,so I [not/ water] the flowers .

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

10- I [work] as a teacher since 1990 .

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

11- [you /see] Tom recently ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

12- Where [Emma /live] ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

13- The cake [taste] delicious .

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

14- Mary [taste] the tea to see if it's hot .

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

15- Do you mind [open] the window ,please ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

16- Today, I [iron] the clothes and my wife [lie] in bed because she [be] ill .

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

17- I [drive] my car when suddenly I [hear] loud noise . ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

18- She [work] for Mr. Smith for a long time .

………………………………………………………………………………………………

19- [you/ meet] Paul yesterday ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

20- Angila [come] from England .She [speak] English .

………………………………………………………………………………………………

English Function

[go to / go on / go for / go –ing ]

● go to → it means go to somewhere or start to do something

. e.g. – I go to work everyday .

- She is going to the cinema today . -

I was very tired so I went to sleep .

● go on → - holiday - a trip

- an excursion

●go for → - a run / a swim / a walk .

● go + - ing → shopping / jogging / fishing / swimming .

[do / make ]

● Do → is a general word for actions .

e.g . – homework / housework / an exercise / a test .

● Make → it means to produce or create .

e.g. – coffee / a cake / dresses / a mistake / a bed / a phone call .

● Have → In some cases "have" means eat / drink / take . e.g - have breakfast / lunch / dinner .

- have a cup of coffee .

- have a shower / have a rest / have a nice time .

Expressing admiration

● What + a/ an + adjective + singular countable noun

. e.g - What a scary movie ! ● What + adjective + plural noun .

e.g - What huge pyramids !

● How + adjective .

e.g - How beautiful you are !

*Complete using [How –What a /an – What ]

1- ……………………..funny he is !

2- …………………….. fantastic trip !

3- …………………….beautiful eyes !

4- …………………….crazy you are !

5- …………………….interesting match !

*Rewrite the following sentences using word(s) between brackets :-

1- Mrs. Harris takes care of my little sister while our parents are at work. [look after]

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

2- The woman pursued the robber screaming for help. [ran]

………………………………………………………………………………………………

3- It's six years since I started learning English. [for ]

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

4- This is the third time we have travelled to New York. [ so far ]

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

5- Claire hasn't visited London for two years. [ago]

………………………………………………………………………………………………

6- The last time Helen took a train was in 2004. [since]

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

7- We have never been to a more beautiful city than this. [most]

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

8- It started snowing three hours ago. [for]

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

9- I hate doing the washing up. [like]

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

10- Is this your first visit to our city ? [ever ]

……………………………………………………………………………………………….



Module One

Unit Two – Call of the wild

● Nouns :- ○wild life : All the plants, animals and other living things found in the wild.

○ habitat : The natural home of a plant or animal .

○ species : a group of plants or animals of the same kind .

○ risk : a danger .

○ pollution : the action of polluting air, water or soil and making them unfit for use

○ extinction : the state of being extinct or no longer existing .

○ environment : the natural or social conditions in which people live .

○ starvation : suffering or death from lack of food .

○ leaflet : a piece of paper containing information about a particular subject .

○campaign : planned activities to achieve aims .

○ penalty : a punishment for breaking a law .

○ pesticides : chemicals used for killing insects .

●Types of animals :

○ mammal : an animal of the type which is fed when young on its mother's milk .

○ reptile : a rough- skinned creature whose blood changes temperature according to

the temperature around it .

○ amphibian : an animal that is able to live both on land and in water .

○ insect : a small creature with no bones and a hard outer covering .

● Verbs : ○ cut down : to reduce in quantity or amount .

○ threaten : to give warning of something bad .

○ recycle : to treat a used substance so that it's fit to use again .

○ invent : to produce for the first time .

○ discover : to find something existing but not known before .

○ adopt : to take and use as one's own .

○ reduce : to make smaller, cheaper or simpler form .

○ survive : to continue to live .

○ release : to let somebody or something come out of place .

○ persuade : to make somebody do something by giving him /her good reasons . ● Adjectives :

○ efficient : doing something well with no waste of time or money .

○ organic : without artificial chemicals .

○ toxic : containing harmful substances .

○ financial : connected with money .

○ flexible : able to change .

● Choose the correct answer :-

1- A frog is a /an [amphibious – reptilian – mammoth – reptile ] animal .

2-They are trying to [forget- reduce – adopt – redress ] the number of students in the class.

3- Some [grains – farmlands – ponds – species ] are becoming in danger because they lost

their habitats .

4- Boas are [mammals –reptiles – amphibians – insects ] because they lay eggs and change

their temperature ,

5-People change the habitat of animals by [cutting down – cutting over – cutting across –

cutting off ] trees .

6-It isn't too late to save animals from [extinguish – extension – extinction – extensive ].

7- You can do it [on – by – at – for ] your own risk .

8- The hijackers used violence and [threatened – throbbed – threw – thread ]to shoot all the

passengers . 9- Thomas Edison [discovered – invited – invented – invested ] the light bulb .

10- She grew up in a very depressing [habitat – envelope – environment – swamp ] .

11- Trees are important because they reduce [warmth – fire – heating – water ] and

cooling costs.

12- This new machine is more [toxic – poisonous – efficient – financial] than the old one.

13- She has paid the [ penalty – campaign- toxic – insect ] for her crimes .

14- Jana is a member of the local environmental [team – class – flock – group ].

15- Planting trees can help reduce soil [extinction – erasing – moving – erosion

]. 16- I [ran – made – brought – worn ] out of paper and I couldn't print my

essay. 17- Cutting [up – down – off – on ] trees can destroy animal habitats. 18- Can I see Ann before she [ leaves – left – is leaving – will leave ] ?

19- She has been playing tennis [for – since – ago – after ] she was four years old.

20- Jim is tall with [crooked – spiky – pointed – oval ] hair, a broad nose and glasses.

● Complete the sentences with the correct word from the following list :-

harmful – create – careful – sensible – endangered – pollution – toxic - creation – recycling

– danger - get rid of – over come .

1- Mr Tony is very ……………………., he doesn't take any silly decisions .

2- I am very interested in the artist's latest …………………………… .

3- To keep the environment clean , we have to ………………………… rubbish .

4- A lot of animals are in …………………………of extinction .

5- Be ………………………with that ladder .

6-I'm trying to ………………………… my fear of flying .

7- Cars cause .............................and congestion . Other ways travelling are less ...................

to the environment .

8-Some things like paper, plastic and cans can be collected and used again . This is called

……………………………. .

9- The new factory should ………………….. 450 jobs . 10-

We can see …………………… waste from a factory .

●Complete the following sentences :-

1) Mr. Tom is our ……………………adviser. He arranges everything which related to

money. 2) Farmers use …………………….. to protect crops from insects . 3) Some …………………..of plants and animals are lost their habitats . 4) Please, try to ……………………..my mum to let me go to the party . 5) This juice doesn't contain any chemicals, it's ………………………

6) We can keep the plants in their natural ……………………. 7) Her parents died in the accident but she ………………………. 8) We ……………………the new method of making clothes . 9) The …………………….succeeded and he won the election .

●Prepositional phrases :-

* Choose one preposition from the following list *

in – from – at – of – with- to

1- There are very few pandas still living ………….the wild .

2- Bald eagles are ………….. danger of dying out .

3- Bison are …………. risk of disappearing off the face of the earth .

4-We have to save wild life ………………….extinction . 5- They are always arguing ……………….each other .

6- Helen felt ashamed ………………. her actions .

7- Mary is good ………………… speaking English .

8- He is rude ……………his friends .

9- We are interested …………….. reading books about animals .

10- Trees protect us ………………dangerous ultraviolet rays .

● Phrasal verbs :-

1- die out → become extinct .

2- make out → understand .

3- run out of → have no more .

4- wear out → exhausted .

5- bring out → published .

Complete the following sentences with one of the previous phrasal verbs :

1- We have ………………….. of cat food ,we need to go to the supermarket.

2- Long hours of working in the hotel kitchen had ………. her ………… . 3- Tony is such a sensitive person, I have never been able to …………..her ………… .

4- Many wild plants and animals are in danger of ……………………

5- Can you ………………….what is he trying to say ?

6- I've ……………………. of petrol , I can't go anywhere .

7- If you don't stop working, you will ……………..yourself ……………. .

8- Many species will ……………..if we don't take care of them .

9- Charles Dickens had ……………………his first novel .

Fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold :-

1- The whole family came to the university to attend my …………………………..

ceremony . Graduate

2- My …………………. is very friendly with all the workers. Employ

3- The ……………………….. of the people in underdeveloped countries live below the

poverty level. Major

4- The company is having ……………………… problems and may have to borrow money

from the bank. Finance

5- Never leave anything ………………………… in your car at night. Value

Upstream [Grammar]

Future Tenses

* Use the appropriate future tense in the following sentences :

1- They ………………………………..…[come] back at four o'clock .

2- By the end of this year, I ………………………....[graduate] from faculty of

Arts .

3- Have a nice trip ! we ………………………….[miss] you .

4- I ………………………….……[finish] my project by the end of this month .

5- Paul ………………………………..[visit] his grandmother this weekend .

6- This time next week , I ……………………………….[travel] with my

company .

7- Mary ……………………………[stay] at home with children .

8- I think Suzan ……………………..[pass] the exam this year .

9- By the end of this year ,I …………………………………….[study]

English for six years .

10- This time next week ,I ………………………………….[explore] Egypt .

11- I'm sure , he ………………………………[call] soon .

12- There are lots of clouds . It …………………………………[rain] .

13- By the end of this year , She …………………………………[marry]

for two years .

14- At four o'clock tomorrow ,I ……………………………….[have] my exam.

* Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) between brackets :-

1- You mustn't use your mobile phone in the classroom . [allowed]

………………………………………………………………………………….

2- He took a photograph. His father came . [while]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

3-Suzan lives in London . [Where]

…………………………………………………………………………………

4- I have been in England for five years . [How long ]

………………………………………………………………………………….

5- He always sleeps late . [doesn't]

………………………………………………………………………………….

6- He usually forgets to take out the rubbish . [remembers]

………………………………………………………………………………….

7-I usually wake up early . [She]

………………………………………………………………………………….

8- She has cleaned her room for a long time . [been ]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

9- I advise you to visit your dentist . [should]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

10- You mustn't cross the road when the light is red . [allowed]

………………………………………………………………………………….

11- It's better to sleep early . [shouldn't]

………………………………………………………………………………….

12- He has studied French since 2002 . [studying ]

………………………………………………………………………………….

13- It's forbidden to smoke here . [mustn't]

………………………………………………………………………………….

14- You aren't allowed to shout in the class . [forbidden]

………………………………………………………………………………….

15- I'm tired ,I was cutting the grass all morning . [have]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

16- The buses are all full. I must get a taxi . [necessary]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

17- It would be a good idea if you put all your money in the bank . [better]

……………………………………………………………………………………

18- We have no more sugar, we need to buy some. [run]

…………………………………………………………………………………

19- She couldn't decide what to study at university. [unable]

…………………………………………………………………………………

20- Can you please mop the floor ? [mind]

………………………………………………………………………………..

21- My intention is to help the environment. [going to]

………………………………………………………………………………….

22- I have an appointment with the dentist tomorrow. [seeing]

………………………………………………………………………………….

23- I can't understand what type of insect this picture shows. [make]

…………………………………………………………………………………



Module Two

Unit Three – Take a break

● Nouns :-

○ queue : a line of people or cars waiting for something .

○ resort : a place where people go on holiday .

○ destination : a place to which somebody or something is going to be sent .

○ transport : the system that is used for moving from place to place .

● Nouns related to means of transport :- * Car :- 1- seatbelt : a strong belt in a car that you fasten around yourself .

2- boot : the covered space at the back of the car .

3- steering wheel : the wheel that you hold to control the direction of the vehicle .

* train : 1- carriage : one of the vehicles that are joined together to make a train . 2- buffet car : the part of the train that sells drinks and food .

3- platform : the raised flat area where you get on or off a train .

:- 1- flight : a journey in a plane . 2- boarding pass : a card that each passenger has to show before they get on a plane .

*ship :- 1- ferry : a boat that makes short regular journeys . 2-

port : a place where ships load and unload goods .

3- cruise : a journey on a ship for pleasure ,often visiting a series of places .

● Adjectives :-

1- nasty : very bad or unpleasant .

2- relieved : feeling happy because something unpleasant had stopped

. 3-terrified : very frightened .

4- luxurious : very comfortable, containing expensive things

. 5- frustrated : feeling annoyed or depressed .

● Adverbs :

1- immensely : very much , extremely .

2- eventually : at the end of a series of events .

3- selectively : tending to be careful about what you choose .

* aero plane

*Choose the correct answer :-

1- You can book [at line – on line – to line – of line ] at www.grange-hotel

. 2- We have already chosen a ski [hotel – pass – resort – certificate ].

3- We finally reached to our [cooperation –restriction – destination – preservation ] .

4-Our journey took ages because our train stopped at every [station –port – carriage – harbour ] .

5- We had too much luggage to fit in the [steering wheel – boot – tyre – carriage] .

6- We enjoyed our [ station – flight – cruise – inspector ] immensely because the river was so amazing .

7- The police stopped me because I wasn't wearing my [yacht – boot – seatbelt

–boarding pass].

8- We walked [along – towards – off – on ] the platform, looking for their carriage .

9- As soon as they got [towards – with – along – off ] the ship , they were surrounded by locals trying to sell them souvenirs .

10- It was very windy and the plane made a very bumpy [land – landing – falling – taking ].

11- As soon as the taxi [arrives – arrived – has arrived – had arrived ], they set off for the airport.

12-Where do we check [in – off – by – at ] for our flight to Moscow? 13-

Can you give me a [boot – lift – left – cabin ] to the train station, please ?

14- Is this the right [deck – stop – platform – compartment ]for the 3:15 train to London?

15- You [ought to – can – mustn't – should ] talk in the library . It isn't allowed.

16- You must wear your [road map – seat seatbelt – boot – cruise ] when you are driving.

* Fill in the gaps using one of the following phrasal verbs (put it in the correct form)

Drop off – stop off – rip off – set off – take off – wave

off 1-I wanted to …………………… early to avoid the traffic .

2- On the way back to the village , he ……………………to look at a house he was thinking of buying .

3- Mrs. Dale ……………….her husband …………to work then went back inside the house .

4-When the dog jumped into the lake ,the ducks ……………………and flew over the park .

5- The whole family ……………….Tom ………… at the harbour .

6- As soon as the taxi arrived , they ………………….…..for the airport .

7- Some tour reps try to ……………………. tourists by charging too much for organized tours .

8- My wife usually ……………. the kids ……….at school on her way to

work. 9-My brother ………………….me ………..at the airport in plenty time

for my flight.

10- After buying tickets costing over $ 100 each ,the audience felt they are being …………………………..

11- On the way home ,the coach ……………………….in London so we could do some shopping .

12- I am always a bit nervous until the plane has ………………………….and

is in the air .

* Use the suitable idiom :-

Hustle and bustle – pick and choose – scrimp and save – safe and sound - now and again .

1- The soldiers aimed from this war to keep their country ……………………...

from terrorists' attacks .

2-Every ………………………….. ,the mother checked to see if the baby was still asleep .

3- Harry is so rich he can ………………………………. From the most exotic

holiday destinations.

4- Lisa likes to have a weekend away every ……………………………………

5- Jane was relieved when Paul returned from his trip ………………………….

6- Before the wedding, the bride's house was in ………………………………

of the last moments' preparation .

7- You have to take any job you can get ,you can't …………………………….

when you are badly in need of money .

8- They ………………………………. To give their children a good education.

9- They couldn't wait to get away from the …………………………….. of the

city and have some peace for a while .

10-If we book this holiday , we'll have to ………………………………. For

the next few months to afford it .

Grammar

Past tenses

* Past perfect tense :-

- Usage :- 1- It's used for an action which finished in the past and whose

result was visible at a later point in the past.

2- It's used to express an action which finished before another past action

or before a stated time in the past.

- The time expressions :-

After – as soon as – before – by the time - when – till – until .

e.g. She had called him before she left the house.

* Past perfect continuous tense :-

- Usage :- - It's used to emphasis on the duration of an action which started

and finished in the past, before another action or stated time in the past, usually

with for or since . e.g. I had been walking for about half an hour when I realized I was

completed lost.

*Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) between brackets :-

1- She cleaned the house then she watched TV. [after]

………………………………………………………………………………….

2- As a child, I went camping with my family every summer. [used to]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

3- I got to my room . I started to unpack. [as soon as]

……………………………………………………………………………………

4- I packed my suitcases then I ordered a taxi. [before]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

5-Could you give me a lift to the airport? [drop]

……………………………………………………………………………………

6- The guests ate their meals then he left the house. [till]

……………………………………………………………………………………

7- Before they went out to play , they had done their homework. [as soon as]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

8- It was midnight. I studied hard more than five hours. [been]

……………………………………………………………………………………

9-She wrote the letter then she went to the post office. [by the time]

……………………………………………………………………………………

10- Lisa said good bye to Brian at the train station. [off ]

……………………………………………………………………………………

11- On our way to Cairo, we stayed for a little while in Alexandria. [off ]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

12- They understood the question . They read it again. [until]

…………………………………………………………………………………..

13-They looked for a house more than six months then they found one they like. [ been ]

………………………………………………………………………………….

14-They started on their journey to America full of hope and happiness. [set]

………………………………………………………………………………….

Lycee El Horreya Second Prep

Language School First Term

1) Drama → A serious play which is written to be acted on stage with simple scenes . 2) Novel → A long written story which has lots of digressions. There are two kinds of stories , fiction stories and nonfiction stories , the first kind is about imaginary people and events . The second kind is about real people and events . 3) Poetry → The art of writing poems which is a piece of writing that is written in short lines , especially using words that rhyme . 4) Tragedy → A serious play in which the hero becomes engaged in a conflict or a great suffering and ends usually with the death of the main character . 5) Tragic Hero → He is a hero of a noble stature [grand character , a king or a

warrior ] whose fortunes are reversed as a result of weakness or tragic flaw

in his character .

6) Tragic flaw →In tragedy, an error of judgment , as a result of ignorance or human weakness leads to the downfall of the hero . 7) Symbolism →In general , it's the use of ideas or images to explain something else . But in literature it's the use of objects or actions to explain ideas or emotions .

8) Theme → The main idea of a work of art . For example : In King Lear , there is the theme of appearance through disguise or pretence to show untrue emotions and hide the real ones .

9) Climax → The most important or exciting part of a situation and in Drama , it's the turning point of action .

*Answer the following questions in your copybook :-

1- Compare between Drama and Novel .

2- What's meant by nonfiction stories ?

3- What are the differences between fiction and nonfiction stories ?

4- "Climax" is a literary term .What do you know about it ?

5- Compare between Symbolism in general and in literature .

6-What's the theme or main idea in king Lear ?

7- What do we call the downfall of the hero in tragedy ?

8- How do tragic plays usually end ?



1- Characters

King Lear → He was the king of Britain . He was more than eighty of age so he decided to divide his kingdom among his three daughters in order to hand over the hard work of ruling the kingdom to his daughters . the old king would divide the kingdom according to their love to him .

Cordelia → Cordelia was king Lear's favourite daughter until she refused to flatter him so he prevented her from his kingdom . Soon after ,she married the king of France and formed an army on knowing that her father was in danger .

Goneril → She was one of Lear's wicked daughters and she was the eldest one. She pretended to love her father to take the kingdom . After Lear gave her a half of his kingdom , she treated him badly and refused to obey his orders .

Regan → Regan was the younger and less wicked of Lear's two evil daughters She was slightly more passive . She couldn't oppose her father on her own . She waited for Goneril to support her .

Earl of Kent → Kent was Lear's servant . He represented the theme of loyalty and faithfulness . He had the courage to tell him that he would be killed if he was found in the kingdom.

Earl of Gloucester → A powerful lord in Lear's court . He was part of Lear's generation . He was one of the old guards .

Edmund → He was an illegitimate son of the Earl of Gloucester.

Edgar → He was the lawful son of the Earl of Gloucester .. He began the play as a rich man and one of the kingdom's most powerful men.

Duke of Albany → He was Goneril's husband. Goneril walked all over him for the first half of the play, and even once he realized his wife was a totally vicious, he still didn't do much to stop her .

Duke of Cornwall → He was Regan's husband .He represented abuse of power and he couldn't tolerate further his master's inhumanity.

King of France → The second suitor for Cordelia. Upon learning of Cordelia's fall from favor (wealth), this King who can respect Cordelia's integrity, takes her as his queen. The King of France's comments in Act I, Scene I makes this clear.

A Fool → One of the most famous characters in the play, his comic asides often reveal the very foolishness of Lear's actions. His words are often ironically the only source of wisdom.

Oswald → He was Goneril's servant. He does whatever Goneril wants him to do whether it's immoral or not . He was Killed by Edgar when he attempts to kill the now blind and harmless Gloucester.

*Look at the characters and answer these questions :-

1- Who is Goneril's husband ? …………………………..

2- How many daughters does King Lear have ?

…………………………………

3- Name two of king Lear's daughters .

…………………………………………

4- Name one of the two men who are in love with Cordelia .

…………………………….

5-Who is loyal to king Lear ? …………………………………………………..

6- Who is king of Britain ? ……………………………………………………..

7- Which part of Britain does Regan's husband rule ?

………………………………………………………………………………..

Write brief notes on :- ( A ) King Lear ( B ) Cordelia

( C ) Duke of Albany [Answer in your copybook ]

2-Themes in King Lear

(A) Theme of Hypocrisy :

Hypocrisy means that someone pretends to

believe something that he /she doesn't really believe. That was clear in King

Lear when the king decided to divide his kingdom among his three

daughters according to their love to their father ,two of them pretended that

they loved their father more than anything in the world but they didn't do as

they said . They weren't kind to their father after taking the kingdom .

(B) Theme of Loyalty :

In the harsh world of King Lear, loyalty is rare.

Surviving in an unstable political situation means that many people focus on the

bottom line: saving their own skins. But there are some characters in the play

who demonstrate extraordinary loyalty, such as Kent and Cordelia. The play

celebrates this virtue, but it also shows that it can be dangerous. Loyalty is not

appreciated, but rather ignored. In some cases, loyalty means death, and in all

cases, it means suffering.

Name : Prep Two

Class :

King Lear

Summary Read and Answer

Division of the kingdom (P.14 to P. 17)

1- Give another title for this part .

..........................................................................................................................................

2- Find and correct the mistakes in these sentences :-

a- Cordelia told her father that she loved him more than words could tell .

...................................

b- Goneril could not make large speeches as her sisters or promise to love nothing else in

the world . .....................................................

c- Earl of Kent kept only the name of king and a hundred knights to serve him .

.....................................................................

* Questions to be answered in the copybook .

1- Who was king Lear ? Why did he decide to divide his kingdom ?

2- What did Goneril and Regan tell their father ? What did he give them

? 3- How did Cordelia answer her father's question and why ?

4- What plans did King Lear make for himself after he had given his kingdom to

Goneril and Regan ?

5- How did The Earl of Kent try to interfere? What was the result?

6- Who was Cordelia's suitors ? Who decided to marry her? Why?

7- Old age had made Lear so unwise that he couldn't tell truth from untruth nor a bright

painted speech from words that came from the heart. Discuss. 8- The honest words of this good Earl of Kent only made the king angrier. Discuss.

9- Though Cordelia loved her father almost as greatly as her sisters pretended to do,

she couldn't be as deceitful as them . Discuss. 10 - No doubt that Lear was blind – hearted. How?

Good Luck

Name : Prep Two

Class :

King Lear


At Goneril's Palace , At Regan's Palace (P.17 to P. 20)

1- Give other titles for these two parts .

……………………………………………………………………………………

2- Find and correct the mistakes in these sentences :-

a- Cordelia began to deny her father the few favours which he had kept for himself.

…………………………………………

b- Kent found the difference between promises and actions when Cordelia showed her

real character. ………………………………………………………….. c- Lear left Goneril's palace and headed to Cordelia's palace.

……………………………………………………………………………………………


1- What plans did king Lear make for himself after he had given his kingdom to Goneril

and Regan ?

2- How did Goneril treat her father ?

3- When did King Lear find the difference between promises and actions?

4- Why did Goneril and Regan ask king Lear to send away his knights? What did this make

him feel about them and about Cordelia?

5-What advice did Regan give to her father ?

6- How did Regan prove to be worse than her sister, Goneril?

Name : Prep Two

Class :

King Lear


The justice of heaven (P.20 to P. 24)


1- How did king Lear feel when his two evil daughters treated him badly

? 2- Who went to France ? And what did he ask for ?

3- How did king Lear feel when he saw his daughter Cordelia

? 4- What did earl of Kent do to help king Lear ?

5- The justice of heaven at last claimed these wicked daughters . Explain.

* Comment on the following quotations :-

1- " From a king to a beggar is a hard change ."

2- " I love you as much as it is my duty to love you."

3- " Your good actions are worth more to me than a kingdom."

4- " You are old and stupid. You must be ruled by people who are wiser than you."



Characters

Many of Dickens' characters are “flat" not “round”. It means that they have only one mood. For example " the Marquis" is unremittingly wicked. Lucie is perfectly loving and supportive. Dickens never created rounded characters.

● Sydney Carton → is a quick minded but depressed English barrister alcoholic and cynic. He appears careless, slovenly, idle and reckless. He is capable of great mental effort. We can say that his failings may be due to the early loss of his parents .He tries to cover up his good nature.

● Lucie Manette → an ideal pre – Victorian lady .She is perfect in every way. She is loved by both Carton and Charles Darnay (whom she marries) .She is the daughter of Dr. Manette. She is called "The golden thread" because she holds her father's and her family's lives together and because of her blond hair like her mother’s.

● Charles Darnay → He is a young French noble man of the Evremonde family. In disgust at the cruelty of his family to the French peasantry. He left France for England . ● Dr.Alexandre Manette → He is Lucie's Father, he was kept as a prisoner in the Bastille for eighteen years so he has suffered greatly in mind and body as a result of that .He makes a remarkable recovery under his daughter's devoted care.

● Jarvis Lorry → He is the one who worked for many years for Tellson's bank. He has a very human look in his eye and he is really a very tender-hearted old bachelor. He says he is timorous but in time of trouble he is a very brave and capable friend.

● Ernest Defarge →He is the keeper of the wine shop in Paris. He is an

Example of the type of men who became leaders of the French Revolution.

He looks good –humoured but implacable.

● Madame Defarge → she is Defarge's wife. She shows humanity only in her support of her husband. She is hard, pitiless and bitter.

The story of a Tale of Two Cities :

A Tale of Two cities was written in 1859 by Charles Dickens. It is the second of the two works of historical fiction written by him. It is one of his most popular novels.

The events took place in London and Paris before and during the French Revolution. The novel depicts the plight of the French peasantry demoralized by the French aristocracy in the years leading up to the revolution.

The author's primary historical source was the French Revolution.

Dickens' attitude towards the revolution :

Dickens ,as is clear from the book , had two very contrasting attitudes to the revolution. He was very sympathetic towards the poor and their treatment by the aristocracy .However, Dickens was also shocked by the violence of the crowds and their pleasure when people were killed on the guillotine.

* Questions to be answered in the copybook :

1- Discuss what you know about:

a- The French Revolution.

b- The story of A Tale of two Cities.

c- The main plot of the Novel.

d- Dickens' attitude towards the revolution.

Good Luck

English Department

Chapter (1)

* The Dover mail *

*Answer the following questions:

1.Charles Dickens compared and contrasted England and France in the first paragraph at the

beginning of the novel, illustrate .

2.Charles Dickens was able to create an atmosphere of mystery through the journey to Dover

. Explain

3.Describe Mr. Lorry .

4.”Recall to life.” Comment.

5.Describe Lucie Manette.

6.Why was the guard of the coach afraid of the horseman?

7.What was a “Lettre de cachet “?

8.What do you know about the relation between Mr. Lorry and Dr. Manette?

9.What was Lucie’s mission towards her father ?

10.What surprising news did Mr. Lorry tell Lucie?

11.”I am going to see his Ghost .It will be his Ghost – not him !” Comment.

12.Why were Mr .Lorry and Lucie Manette going to Paris ?

Chapter (2)

*The wine shop*


1.Speak about Saint Antoine as a part of Paris and about the people who lived there , giving

an example of the misery of the people.

2.Why was Dr Manette locked by M. Defarge ?

3.Describe the scene of the cask of wine and show its significance.

4.Describe M. Defarge.

5.The wine shop of Defarge plays an important part in the story .Discuss.

6.Describe Madam Defarge.

7.What do you know about the Jacques ? OR Who are the Jacques ?

8.Why did they call themselves “Jacques”?

9.Why did M. Defarge show Dr Manette to the Jacques?

10.”It’s not often that these miserable beasts know the taste of the wine or anything but

black bread and death.” comment.

11.”It’s not my affair .The people from the markets did it .Let them bring another.” Comment.

12.What did Gaspard do? What is the significance of this?

13.”I choose them as real men , of my name – To whom the sight is likely to do good.”

Comment.

14.What two things annoyed Mr Lorry when he reached the garret?

15.How did Dr. Manette look when the door was opened?

Chapter (3)

*The Shoe maker*


1.Describe Dr .Manette after his long imprisonment . How did he recognize his daughter?

2.Could Dr .Manette remember anything about his past ?Why?

3.”One hundred and five ,North Tower.” Comment .

4.When and Where did Dr. Manette learn to make shoes?

5.Dr. Manette used to obey orders .Discuss.

6.”You are still at work I see” comment .

7.Describe the meeting between Lucie and her father.

9.”I am not a shoemaker by trade.“Comment.

10.”If ,without disturbing him all could be arranged for our leaving Paris at once , so that ,

from the very door , he could be taken away.” Comment.

Chapter (4)

*Five years later*


1.Describe Tellson’s Bank ?

2.Who was Jerry Cruncher ? What were his duties at Tellson’s Bank ?

3.What was the instructions given to Jerry Cruncher ?

4.Describe Charles Darney.

5.What was Charles Darney accused of in England? Who were the witnesses?

6. What was the evidence against Darney ?

7.Describe the reaction of Charles Darney?

8. Who were the witnesses of Darney’s trail ?

9.Mr Lorry’s words were useless to the court .Explain .

10.Why was Lucie unwilling to testify against Darney ?

11.Do you think Carton was as careless and reckless as he looked . Explain

12.If Carton hadn’t been there in the court, Darney wouldn’t have been saved . Comment.

13. How about Dr Manette’s testifying ?

Chapter (5)

*The Jackal*


1.Why is this chapter headed “ The Jackal”?

2.In what way was Dr .Manette difficult to be recognized ?

3.Who were Darney’s friends who gathered round him after the trial? Why?

4.Compare between Darney and Sydney Carton ?

5.Describe Mr. Stryver.

6.Where did Sydney Carton take Darney ? Why ?

7.Why des Carton hate Charles Darney ?

8.” I have done my best for you for life – in two senses .”Comment.

9.”You have acted as if you like me , but I don’t think you do. “ Comment .

10.”Although Sydney Carton would never be a lion , he was amazingly a good Jackal”

Comment.

11.”Do you feel yet ,that you belong to this terrestrial scheme again .” Comment.

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