los mandatos to give a command or to make a suggestion to someone you address as tú…we use the...
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Los Mandatos
•To give a command or to make a suggestion to someone you address as “tú”…we use the informal command form.
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Affirmative tú commands are the
same as the él/ella/Ud. form of the present
tense. OR you can use the Tú form
and drop the –s-AR verbs -ER/IR verbsHablar Habla Talk! Estudiar Estudia Study!Bailar Baila Dance!
Leer lee read!Escribir escribe write!Dormir duerme sleep!
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Ejemplos:1. ¡Baila Salsa! Dance salsa! 2. ¡Habla con tus vecinos! Talk with
your neighbors!
3. ¡Estudia para el examen! Study for the test!
4. ¡Trabaja de voluntario! Work as a volunteer!
5. ¡Escribe la carta! Write the letter!
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Placements of Pronouns
• All pronouns (reflexives-se, indirect object pronouns-le/les and direct object pronouns-lo/la) will BE ATTACH to the POSITIVE COMMANDS!!!
• Comer los vegetales – come (command) + los (the direct object pronoun for los vegetales) = Cómelos
• Bañarse (tú) – baña (command) + te (the reflexive pronoun referring to you) = Báñate
• Hablar a ella – habla (command) + le (the indirect object pronoun for her) = Háblale
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A few irregular tú command forms…
decir DI say! tell!
hacer HAZ do! make!
poner PON put,place,set!
tener TEN have, be!
salir SAL leave!
ser Sé be!
ir VE go!
venir VEN come!
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Ahora…usa mandatos con estos verbos…
1. Trabajar en el colegio.2. Hacer un esfuerzo.3. Servir la comida.4. Hablar español.5. Ayudar a tu hermano.6. Ser bueno.7. Decir la verdad
siempre.
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Las respuestas…1. ¡Trabaja en el
colegio!2. ¡Haz un esfuerzo!3. ¡Sirve la comida!4. ¡habla español!5. ¡Ayuda a tu hermano!6. ¡Sé bueno!7. ¡Di la verdad
siempre!
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Negative Tú Commands
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La Formación Tú (negativo)Step 1
•Yo form of the present
Step 2•Drop –o
Step 3•Add opposite endings AR verbs -es ER/IR verbs -as
LucharStep 1- LuchoStep 2- Luch-Step 3- ¡No luches!
BeberStep 1- BeboStep 2- Beb-Step 3- ¡No bebas!
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Remember… the irregular
• DAR- No des• IR- No vayas• Ser- No seas• Estar- No estés
Also, remember that pronouns go before the verb in negative commands.
Ejemplo- levantar(se) (¡ No te levantes!)
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More exceptions
Verbs that end in (-gar/-zar/-car) have the following changes:
• gar = gu Jugar = No juegues
• car = qu Sacar = No saques
• zar = c Empezar = No empieces
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Form these negative tú commands
• Quitarse el abrigo• Luchar con tus
amigos• Perder tus cosas• Poner el libro en
la mesa.• Cortar los árboles• Ir al centro.• Servir
• No te quites el abrigo.
• No luches con …• No pierdas tus
cosas.• No pongas el libro
en la mesa.• No cortes los
árboles• No vayas al centro.• No sirvas
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Directions: Form these negative tú commands
• Usar uniformes• Pagar• Practicar• Ser malo• Llevarla• Tener miedo• Dormir• Almorzar• Traer
• No uses uniformes
• No pagues• No practiques• No seas malo• No la lleves• No tengas miedo• No duermas• No almuerces• No traigas
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Para formar el mandato con un pronombre:
• Levantar(se) Levanta(te) Levántate
• The stress naturally falls on the second-to-last
syllable if the word ends in a vowel, n, or s.• When the pronoun is added, it adds an
additional syllable. An accent must be added to
maintain the original pronunciation.
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The formation of the Ud., Uds., Nosotros commands
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‘yo’ form of verb: hablodigoduermosigocomo
remove ‘o’:habl-dig-duerm-sig-com-
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Add opposite endings of verbs
ar er/ir -e -a-emos -amos -en -an
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Hablar…Comer…Vivir
Present tense Ud/Uds/Nosotros commands
hablo hable hablen hablemos
como coma coman comamos
vivo viva vivan vivamos
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Los irregulares:
D- Dar dé/den/demosI- Ir vaya/vayan/vayamosS- Ser sea/sean/seamosH- Haber haya/hayan/hayamosE- Estar esté/estén/estemosS- Saber sepa/sepan/sepamos
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¿Cuál es la forma imperativa (mandato) de Ud./Uds. para los
siguientes verbos? 1. sentarse* ______________ Ud.!2. almorzar _______________Ud.!3. pagar ______________ Uds.!4. ir ______________ Ud.!5. acostarse* ______________ Ud.!6. repetir
______________(Nosotros!)7. divertirse* ____________ Uds.!
¡ Siéntese
¡ Vaya¡ Acuéstese¡ Repitamos
¡Diviértanse
¡ Almuerce
¡ Paguen
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Para formar el mandato:
• Empiece con la forma de YO en el Presente.
• Menos -O• Añada las
terminaciones opuestas.
Tú - Ud. +/- Uds. +/- Nosotros
¡No hables!
¡Hable Ud.!
¡No hablen !
¡Hablemos!
Hablar:
1.Hablo
2.Habl-
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PrácticaVerbo•Secarlos (Ud)•Bañarse (Uds.)•Decirle (nosotros) •Entregarlas (Ud.)•Darme (Uds)•Hacerlo (Nosotros)
¡Séquelos!
¡Báñense Uds.!¡Digámosle!
¡Entréguelas Ud.! ¡Denme!
¡Hagámoslo!
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Verbo: ¡Tú - ! ¡ Ud - ! ¡ Uds.!
1 .levantarse
2. pedirle
3. buscarlo
4. perderse
5. ponerse
nervioso
No te levantes
no se levante
levántense
No le pidas No le pida pídanle
No lo busques
No lo busque
búsquenlo
No te pierdas No se pierda
piérdanse
No te pongas nerviosa
No se ponga nerviosa
pónganse nerviosos
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NosotrosNosotros commands and stem-
changes:
•No stem changes in -ar and -er verbs.
(Juguemos, Cerremos)• -Ir verbs take the first vowel only.Ejemplo: Durmamos, Divirtámonos
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Los Mandatos con los Verbos Reflexivos :
Nosotros LevantarseStep 1: LevantemosStep 2: Before you attach the ‘nos’ drop the ‘s’: Levantemo___Step 3: Levantémonos. (Let’s get up!)
**We call these the monkey verbs because MONOS means monkeys.
Why does the accent fall on the ‘e’?
•Exception: To say: Let’s go! (ir), Use: ¡Vamos!
•What would the form be for Irse?¡Vámonos!
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Una Practica…Ponerse (los zapatos)
¡Ponte!¡No te pongas!¡ Póngase!-¡No se ponga!¡ Pónganse!-¡No se pongan!¡ Pongámonos!-¡No nos pongamos!
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Una Practica…Cerrar (los libros)
¡Cierra!¡No cierres!¡ Cierre!-¡No cierre!¡ Cierren!-¡No cierren!¡ Cerremos!-¡No cerremos!