looking out, looking in 12 th edition chapter 4 1 emotions: thinking, feeling, and communicating ...

Looking Out, Looking In12th EditionChapter 4 1

Emotions: Thinking, Feeling, and Communicating

Chapter Summary

•What are emotions

•Types of emotions

•Influence of emotional expression

•Guidelines for expressing emotions

•Managing difficult emotions


What are Emotions?

Emotions

•Physiological Factors•Strong emotions are coupled with strong physical changes

•Raise in blood pressure and heart rate can occur

•Nonverbal Reactions•Blushing, sweating, and fidgeting are nonverbal signs of

emotion

•Sometimes nonverbal reactions can cause negative

emotions


What are Emotions?

Emotions•Cognitive Interpretations

•Emotions react on a cognitive level but activity is ambiguous

•If you were to measure someone experiencing a strong

emotion it would be difficult to ascertain if it was fear or joy.

•Verbal Expression•Though not as effective as nonverbal communication

sometimes words are required to communicate emotion

•Make sure the message is understood accurately


Influences on Emotional Expression

Primary and Mixed Emotions •Personality

•There is a clear relationship between personality and emotions

•Extroverted individuals seem upbeat and optimistic

•Neurotic individuals report more negative emotion

•Personality doesn’t have to govern communication satisfaction

•Culture•Individualist Culture vs. Collectivist Culture

•What does, “I love you,” really mean?



Primary and Mixed Emotions •Gender

•Biological sex is the best predictor of the ability to detect and

intemperate emotional expression

•Research suggests that there is some truth to the

unexpressive male

•Women are 10-15% more accurate in remembering emotion

•People in close relationships are more likely to recognize the

emotional cues of their mates than those not in a relationship



Primary and Mixed Emotions •Social Convention

•Unwritten rules of communication discourage the direct

expression of most emotions

•How many genuine emotions do you experience in public?

•Social rules even discourage too much positive emotion

•Boys can kiss their mother but should shake their father’s hand



Primary and Mixed Emotions •Fear of Self-disclosure

•Feelings are rarely shared publicly for fear of ridicule

•Those whose presenting self says one thing have a difficult if

not impossible time expressing the opposite

•Emotion Cognition•Emotions are transferred from one person to another

•Emotions can be infectious

•Crying, laughing, etc.


Guidelines for Expressing Emotions

Expressing Emotions •Recognize your feelings

•Identifying your emotions is the first step to managing them

•Distinguishing emotion is vital to your emotional intelligence

•Expand your emotional vocabulary•Good or Bad vs. Terrible or Great

•Emotionally counterfeit statements

•When you say, “I feel like going to a show,” or I feel we’ve

been seeing to much of each other,” is any feeling taking

place?



Expressing Emotions •Share Multiple Feelings

•Rarely are you experiencing just one emotion

•We usually communicate one emotion and often it tends to

be the most negative

•Consider when and where to express your feelings•Choose an appropriate time to express your feelings

•That time is not always the moment you experience them

•Waiting is not always a bad idea



Expressing Emotions •Accept responsibility for your feelings

•Your language should reflect the accurate emotion

•“I’m feeling angry” vs. “you’re making me angry”

•Be mindful of the communication channel •Choose the right channel

•Face to face, e-mail, internet, etc

•Understand the limitations of the channel

•Remember, communication is irreversible


Managing Difficult Emotions

ABC News Video

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Debilitative Emotions •Facilitative and Debilitative Emotions

•Facilitative•Contribute to effective functioning

•Debilitative•Detract from effective functioning

•Intensity•Some intensity in emotion may be constructive•While too much emotion will make the situation worse



Debilitative Emotions •Debilitative emotions break down into two categories

•Anxiousness•Duration

•Most debilitative emotions involve communication

•Most, but all debilitative emotions lead to conflict

• Some debilitative emotions take longer to recover from



Source of Debilitative Emotions •Physiology

•Your genetic makeup plays a significant role

•The amygdala•Hijacking the brain and sometimes the senses

•Emotional Memory•Some emotional events lock themselves in your memory

•These events can trigger adverse reactions



Debilitative Emotions •Self Talk

•The similarities between the physical and emotional•Look at emotions in the following example

Event FeelingBee Sting Physical PainMeeting Strangers Nervous FeelingsTaking Tests Heavy Anxiety

•Can you come up with some others?



Irrationality and Emotions•The Fallacy of Perfection

•Communicators should be able to handle every situation

•The Fallacy of Approval•You need the approval of every person

•The Fallacy of Shoulds•Inability to distinguish between what is and what should be

•The Fallacy of Catastrophic Expectations•If something bad can happen it will



Irrationality and Emotions•The Fallacy of Overgeneralization

•Making decisions with little information

•The Causation•Irrational belief that emotions are caused by others

•The Fallacy of Helplessness •Satisfaction in life is determined by forces beyond your control



Minimize Debilitative Emotions•Monitor your emotional reactions

•Recognize when you’re feeling these emotions•Change your behavior to counteract

•Note the activating event•Try to identify exactly what triggered the emotion•Keep in mind it can be more than one event

•Record your self-talk•Monitor your inner monologue•Keep a journal or recording of you thoughts



Minimize Debilitative Emotions•Dispute your irrational beliefs

•Use the list of irrational fallacies on page 144-149 to discover which internal thinking could be classified as irrational

•Are your beliefs rational?•Why or why not?•What can you do differently?


Emotions: Thinking, Feeling, and Communicating

Chapter Summary

•What are emotions

•Types of emotions

•Influence of emotional expression

•Guidelines for expressing emotions

•Managing difficult emotions

looking out, looking in 12 th edition chapter 4 1 emotions: thinking, feeling, and communicating ...

Documents

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