long distance transportation of lh - hydrogen...
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Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Long Distance Transportation of LH2 - Hydrogen Road -
Motohiko NISHIMURA Hydrogen Project Development Center
Corporate Technology Division
Japan-Norway Hydrogen seminar
“Collaboration within hydrogen future market and value chain”
28th, February, 2017
2 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Concept of CO2-free Hydrogen Chains
Stably supplying energy while suppressing CO2 emissions
Resourcing country (Australia) Utilizing country (Japan)
Hydrogen
transport/storage Hydrogen use Hydrogen production
Combined
Cycle power
generators etc.
Process uses
Semiconductor and solar battery
manufacture
Oil refinement, desulfurization, etc.
Transport equipment
Hydrogen stations
Fuel cell vehicles etc.
Hydrogen gas turbines Hydrogen gas engines Fuel cells etc.
Energy equipment
Electrical power plants
Liquefied hydrogen
containers
Liquefied hydrogen
storage tanks
Production of hydrogen at low costs from unutilized resources (brown coal) and/or abundant recyclable energy
CCS (CO2 capture/storage)
CO2-free hydrogen
Affordable renewable
energy
Liquefied hydrogen
carrier
Liquefaction/
loading
Brown coal
JAXA
3 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Development
Brown coal hydrogen production Drying, pulverizing, and other lignite processing technology
Liquefied hydrogen container Ultra-low temperature technology
Hydrogen gas turbines Stable, clean combustion technology
Liquefied hydrogen tanks Ultra-low temperature technology
Compressed hydrogen trailer
Composite material-related technology
Hydrogen liquefier
Plant/turbine technology
Production
Transport
•
Storage
Use
Liquefied hydrogen cargo ships
LNG ship technology JAXA
4 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Elements Commentary
Hydrogen liquefaction Adaptable with current small scale H2 liquefaction technology and large
scale LNG technology. Efficiencies to be improved
Liquid hydrogen storage (tank,
transfer, loading) Current technologies in Japan adaptable with improvement and
customisation. Loading to be proved during pilot phase
CO2 compressors Proven and readily available
CO2 pipeline Proven and readily available
LH2 carrier ship To be proved in the pilot phase
Gaseous hydrogen
transportation Proven and readily available
H2 Gas Turbine Small scale turbine with 100% hydrogen to be proved soon and large scale
turbine being developed
Leveraging Innovative and Safe Technologies
5 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Hydrogen Liquefier
Realization of a hydrogen liquefier by means of
unique key hardware and expansion turbines
Ultra-fast
rotation
Hydrogen gas
bearings
Liquefaction
temperature:
-253 degrees C
Hydrogen production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
6 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Liquefied Hydrogen
Cargo Ships
Cargo tank
World's first liquefied hydrogen cargo ship:
toward realization
Stainless steel vacuum thermal insulation double hull
High thermal insulation supporting structure
Special dome structure for maintaining vacuum
Pilot ship
Hydrogen production
Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
*IGC code: International regulations relating to the structure and equipment of vessels for transporting bulk shipments of liquefied gas
IMO: International Maritime Organization
December 2013
Basic certification obtained from Nippon
Kaiji Kyokai
Interim recommendation on safety to complement IGC code is approved by IMO
7 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Pilot Ship – Overall Schedule
FY2015 FY2016 FY2017 FY2018 FY2019 FY2020
Ship
Tank
Hull
Terminal Front End
Engineering Design
Mock-up CCS Manufacturing
Front End Engineering Design
Detail Design & Tank Construction
Detail Design & Hull Construction
Detail Design & Terminal Construction
Demo. Test
We are here!!
Hydrogen production
Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
8 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Liquefied Hydrogen Tank
Establishment of three-dimensional
bending processing technology for large
stainless steel components, which are
difficult to process
Confirmation of the feasibility of GFRP
support structures that achieve both
thermal insulating performance and
strength
Confirming achievement of thermal
insulation performance of 0.01 W/mK and
less in vacuum laminating film density
measurement and element test
Development of new steel containing less
rare metal than the current austenite type
stainless steel (Nippon Steel & Sumitomo
Metal Corporation)
1,000 m3 tank testing facility and GFRP support structure (technology equivalent to 3,000 m3 class tank)
Tank technology of 10 times the
scale of current industrial
liquefied hydrogen tanks
Bending process experiment on external end plate of tank
Vacuum lamination film layer density measurement
Hydrogen production
Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
Supported by NEDO
9 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Hydrogen Safety
Establishment of safety is important toward the realization of the world's
first hydrogen-related facilities such as liquefied hydrogen cargo ships etc.
Implement tests and simulations of safety designs and measures with the
safety principles "don't leak, stop immediately if detected, don't
accumulate, and don't light hydrogen" as their concept, and determine
effective mechanical structures
Liquefied hydrogen marine disposal simulation Liquefied hydrogen leakage test and simulation
Interior
hydrogen
Density
distribution Discharge port
Wind orientation
discharge direction
Discharge port
Hydrogen density 1%
isosurface
Discharge port
high
low
Co-developed with Class NK, Iwatani Corporation, K-Line and KHI
10 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Topics - Hazardous Area Classification
Extended hazardous area in accordance with IEC standard (IEC
60079-10-1) and dispersion analysis study.
LH2
Wind Speed 1m/s
LNG
Hazardous area classification Vent dispersion analysis using DNV PHAST
ZONE 2
ZONE 0
ZONE 1
HEL
LEL
1/2LEL
1/4LEL
11 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Topics - Emergency Jettison
LNG LH2 Discharge Rate : 400 m3/h Discharge Point : 11 m Nozzle DIA : 55 mm Wind Speed : 3.3 m
To develop appropriate jettison operation through dispersion analysis
and CFD simulation study
HEL
LEL
1/2LEL
12 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
2014
"Basic Energy Plan" Technologies also in
the possession of
this company
Commercial
chain
Tokyo Olympics
Progress of Hydrogen Project
2025 2020
Pilot
demonstration
LNG technology
Liquefied hydrogen
technology
JAXA
13 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Entrance to commerce
Brown coal gasification technology
On-shore base for liquefied
hydrogen technology for
loading/unloading between ships
Marine transport technology for
large volumes of liquefied hydrogen
Technology demonstration of
feasibility in fiscal 2020 when the
Tokyo Olympics is held
Supported by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial
Technology Development Organization)
Pilot Demonstration
14 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
CO2-free Hydrogen Supply-Chain Concept
Kawasaki, Iwatani, Shell and J-Power, on February 22, 2016,
established a CO2-free Hydrogen Energy Supply-Chain Technology
Research Association (HySTRA).
HySTRA aims to conduct technical demonstration and identify issues
necessary for the chain concept by fiscal 2020.
Hydrogen Power Pl ant
Hydrogen St at i ons For FCV Japan Aust ral i a
15 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
The Significance and Utility of CO2-free Hydrogen Chains
Brown coal: World-wide distribution, enormous reserves
Currently has no price, acquisition of independent rights is easy
No CO2 emissions during use (only water is emitted)
Energy security for Japanese
technology and products
Related industries will grow due
to spread of hydrogen
Stability of supply 1
Environmental
Improvement of industrial competitiveness
Contribution to energy security (240 years worth in
Australia alone)
2
3
"Ultimate clean energy"
Suppression of national resource
outflow
Contribution to growth strategies
Development toward infrastructure
export
16 © 2016 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Corporate Technology Division
1-14-5, Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8315
Tel: 03-3435-2259 Fax: 03-3435-2081
http://www.khi.co.jp
Thank you for listening
Kawasaki, working as one for the
good of the planet