lob, work study

7/30/2019 LOB, Work Study

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By Arun Mishra

LOB Technique

PRODUCTION AND

OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT


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LOB Technique

Line-of -Balance Technique: A technique used inproduction scheduling and control to determine at a

review date, not only how many of an item should have

been completed by that date, but also how many

should have passed through the up-stream operationstages by that time, so as to ensure the completion of the

required delivery schedule.

It is a chart & computational technique for monitoring &

controlling products & services that are made to meetspecific delivery schedule.


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Benefits of LOB Technique

Enforces planning discipline & enables control to beexercised at each stage of the production line.

Prevents any feeling of false security which might be

engendered if the delivery of an item is on schedule but

unappreciated shortfalls at early stages are building uptrouble.

Enables identification of short falls or even excessive

production or purchasing levels, so that corrective

action can be taken in good time. Products and services are produced to specific delivery

schedules, production involves many processing steps

& production lead times are long.


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Stages of LOB Technique

Preparation of operation programme or assembly

chart.

Preparation of cumulative completion/ delivery

schedule or objective chart.

Construction of LOB chart.

Analysis of progress and corrective action.


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Work Study-Method Study


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Work Study-Method Study

Work study method was developed to improve

performance of a given work.

Work study is defined as the body of knowledge concernedwith analysis of the work methods, and the standard of

proposed work methods.

The purpose of work study is to determine the best or mosteffective method of accomplishing a necessary operation.

Objectives of work study are:

To analyse the present method of doing a job, in order to develop a

new & better method. To measure the work content of a job by measuring the time

required by a qualified worker & to establish standard time.

To increase the productivity by ensuring the best possible use ofhuman, machine & material resources.

To improve operational efficiency.


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Relationship of Time and Motion

Study to Work Study

Time study and motion study are results ofpractices developed by F.W. Taylor, Frank andLillian Gilbreth.

Time study: Exercising control over the output in

respect of a job by setting standards forperformance.

Time study may be used to compare theeffectiveness of alternative work methods.


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Steps

Involved

in WorkStudy


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Method Study or Methods Analysis

Method study is a scientific technique ofobserving, recording & critically examining the

present method of performing a job or operation

with the aim of improving the present method.

It is also known as methods improvement.

It is a means of developing and applying easier

& more effective method & reducing cost.

Prime objectives of method study is to eliminatewasteful and inefficient motions.


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Method Study Procedure

Method study procedure involves six steps. Select the work to be studied.

Record all relevant facts pertaining to

existing method. Examine the recorded facts critically.

Develop the improved method by generatingthe several alternatives.

Install the improved method in 3 phases planning, arranging & implementing.

Maintain the new method by ensuring theeffective functioning of it.


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Recording Techniques Used in Method Study

Process Charts used in Method Study1. Outline process chart2. Operation process chart3. Flow process charts4. Two handed process chart5. Multiple activity chart6. The man machine chart or worker-machine chart7. Flow diagram8. String diagram

9. Cyclic graph10.SIMO chart (Simultaneous motion Chart)


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