Liver Cirrhosis

Presented By: Submitted To:Mohammed SadriwalaMayur GuptaMayur Tayade

What is Cirrhosis?Cirrhosis is a slowly progressing disease in which healthy

liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue, eventually preventing

the liver from functioning properly. The scar tissue blocks the

flow of blood through the liver and slows the processing of

nutrients, hormones, drugs, and naturally produced toxins. It

also slows the production of proteins and other substances

made by the liver.

According to the National Institutes of Health, cirrhosis is the

12th leading cause of death by disease.

CausesFatty liver associated with obesity and

diabetes.Chronic viral infections of the liver

(hepatitis types B, C, and D; Hepatitis D is extremely rare).

Blockage of the bile duct.Repeated bouts of heart failure with fluid

backing up into the liver.

SymptomsEarly symptoms include:

Fatigue and loss of energy

Poor appetite and weight loss

Nausea or belly pain

Small, red spider-like blood vessels on the skin

As liver function worsens, symptoms may include:

Fluid buildup of the legs (edema) and in the abdomen (ascites)

Yellow color in the skin, mucus membranes, or eyes (jaundice)

Redness on the palms of the hands

Confusion or problems thinking

Small, red spider-like blood vessels on the skin

Tests to measure liver function:

Complete blood count

Prothrombin time

Liver function tests

Blood albumin level

Other tests to check for liver damage include:

Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen

Endoscopy to check for abnormal veins in the esophagus or

stomach

Ultrasound of the abdomen

You will need a liver biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.

Test & Diagnosis

Treatment1. PREVENTING FURTHER DAMAGE TO LIVER:

Consume balance diet

Multivitamin

Patient with PBC need additional Vit.D and Vit.K

Avoid alcohol containing drugs

Avoid NSAIDS like Ibuprofen.

In case of Hepatitis B or C induced Cirrhosis antiviral medication

are given.

In autoimmune Hepatitis, Prednisone is given.

For the treatment of Portal Hypertension

E.g. : UDCA ( Ursodeoxycholic Acid)

Beta 2 Blockers (Propranolol with Isosorbide )

2) TREATING THE COMPLICATIONS OF LEVER CIRRHOSIS:

Edema and Ascites: For the treatment of Edema and Ascites DIURETIC drugs are used. E.g.- Spirinolactone Furosemide. * Too much diuretics use may lead to Kidney dysfunction.

3) PREVETION OF LEVER CANCER: Ultrasound examination of Lever is suggested after every 6 months. Measurement of cancer produced protein E.g.- Alpha fetoprotein in blood.

4) LEVER TRANSPLANT.

Preventation

There are several ways to reduce your risk of developing

cirrhosis of the liver:

Don't abuse alcohol.

Be careful around synthetic chemicals, such as cleaning

products and pesticides. If you come into contact with chemicals

often, wear protective clothing and a facemask.

Get vaccinated against hepatitis B.

Eat a well-balanced, low-fat diet and take vitamins.