List different modes of transportation.

With your partner identify which modes of transportation were used in the 1800’s

Roads

Canals

• Cumberland Road was first federally built road.

• Begun in Maryland in 1815, stretched to Illinois by 1850

• Designed as the country’s main east-west route

• The road's route between Baltimore and Cumberland continues to use the name National Pike or Baltimore National Pike today

• The approximately 620-mile (1,000 km) long National Road provided a connection between the Potomac and Ohio Rivers and a gateway to the West for thousands of settlers. It was the first road in the U.S. to use the new macadam road surfacing

Roads and Canals

One of the first roads. Used over mud and swampy areas.

Corduroy Road.

Cumberland Road

The Erie Canal 1825

• Water transportation improved too.

• The Eric Canal created a water route between New York City & Buffalo, NY.

• The canal opened the upper Ohio Valley and the Great Lakes to trade and settlement. It also fueled nationalism by unifying these two sections of the country.

• The Erie Canal was 4 feet deep, 40 feet wide and 360 miles long

• Trade stimulated by the canal helped New York City become the nation’s largest city.

Lock system of Erie Canal

The Railroad

• The most significant contribution to the development of such an economy proved to be the railroad.

• It was fast, reliable, cheaper than canals and didn’t freeze in winter

• The first steam-powered train ran in the United States and made its first trip in 1830.

• By 1840 there were about 3,000 miles of track in the country. • The speed, power, reliability, and carrying capacity of the

railroad quickly made it a preferred means of travel and transport.

• Some considered it a public menace

Railroads would eventually replace the canal.

By 1869 the first transcontinental railroad was completed connecting the Atlantic Coast to the Pacific Coast.