list animals that migrate. definition a regular, seasonal movement from one area to another all...
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List animals that migrate
DefinitionDefinition A regular, seasonal movement from one
area to another
All classes of animals migrate
InsectsInsects Monarch butterfly
Begin in Canada and Northern US in late August
End in Central Mexico migrants are usually 3 or
more generations removed from the monarchs that overwintered in Mexico during the previous winter
After their season in the migratory site, the female monarch reproductive organs become fully developed and mating takes place.
As they migrate north in the spring, they lay eggs on milkweed along the way
MammalsMammals Deer and Caribou
African ungulates
Whales Subpolar to subtropical
amphibiansamphibians Newts
Natal pond
Frogs
FishFish Sharks
Salmon Return to native streams
to breed
eels
Why do animals Why do animals migrat?migrat?
Advantages More food Water Decreased competition
for Space Food
Increased chance for reproduction
Reduced predation Reduced parasitism
Disadvantages Climate change Drought Food scarcity Predators Occasional death Increased body
maintenance costs Lower rank in winter
dominance hierarchy
How does a bird know How does a bird know when it is time to when it is time to
migrate?migrate? Internal (endogenous) –
hormonal Pineal gland Brain Endocrine system Pituitary gland
External (exogenous) – environment Changes in daylight Eye Visual cortex
How does the animal How does the animal know where it is know where it is
going?going? Orientation
Navigation
Environmental cues
How do birds migrate?How do birds migrate? Environmental cues
Zugunruhe
Celestial compasses
navigation
Indigo Buntings and Indigo Buntings and their use of star their use of star
constellationsconstellations Studied by Emlen
3 groups of chicks Chicks reared in a room with diffuse light at
night Chicks reared with a normal star map that
rotates around the north star Polaris chicks reared with an abnormal star
map that rotates around Betelguese which is a star on the southern constellation of Orion
European Starlings European Starlings StudyStudy
Displaced juveniles No navigation
Displaced adults Orientation and navigation
Earth’s Magnetic FieldEarth’s Magnetic Field
Other termsOther terms Zugdispostion
Zugstimmung
Types of bird Types of bird migrationsmigrations
Altitudinal Gallinaceous birds Raptorial birds
North – South pole
Waterfowl migration
When does migration When does migration occur?occur?
Circaannual
Circadian
HomeworkHomework Pick an animal and map it’s migration route.