LIS 605LIS 605

Metadata creation for Metadata creation for information organizationinformation organization

donna Bair-Mundy

Course Web pageCourse Web page

http://www2.hawaii.edu/~donnab/lis605

(URL is on course syllabus)(URL is on course syllabus)

Online Version of Course SyllabusOnline Version of Course Syllabus

Extra credit Extra credit (1 opportunity per quiz)(1 opportunity per quiz)

Step 1: Find a scholary article on the topic of the quiz

Quiz +Scholarly article on topic of

quiz

Summary of your

scholarly article on topic of

quiz

+

Step 2: Summarize your article

Step 3: When quiz is due, you hand in:

Subscribing to Autocat Subscribing to Autocat AssignmentAssignment

Lecture PowerpointsLecture Powerpoints

LIS 605 Web page : lecturesLIS 605 Web page : lectures

LIS 605 Web page : lecturesLIS 605 Web page : lectures

IntroductionsIntroductions

• Your full nameYour full name

• What you like to be calledWhat you like to be called

• Academic backgroundAcademic background

• Experience with catalogingExperience with cataloging

• Something interesting Something interesting about yourselfabout yourself

• Your full nameYour full name

• What you like to be calledWhat you like to be called

• Academic backgroundAcademic background

• Experience with catalogingExperience with cataloging

• Something interesting Something interesting about yourselfabout yourself

King Ashurbanipal’s libraryKing Ashurbanipal’s library

Cuneiform tablet telling the Epic of Creation From the Library of King Ashurbanipal (reigned 669-631 BC)

http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk

Bibliographic controlBibliographic controlThe skill or art of organizing knowledge for The skill or art of organizing knowledge for retrievalretrieval

““Bibliographic control comprises Bibliographic control comprises the creation, storage, manipulation, the creation, storage, manipulation, and retrieval of bibliographic data. and retrieval of bibliographic data. Catalogers produce the tools that Catalogers produce the tools that are necessary for bibliographic are necessary for bibliographic control to function.”control to function.”

Larry Osborne

Tools for bibliographic Tools for bibliographic controlcontrol

BibliographiesBibliographies DatabasesDatabases

IndexesIndexes CatalogsCatalogs

Three parts of catalogingThree parts of cataloging

Description – Identifies a specific item in the collection

Access – Provides a logical meansof locating item in the catalog

– Author,* title– Subject(s)

Classification – Collocates materialsusing a particular classification scheme

*RDA uses the term “creator” for the person responsible for the intellectual/artistic content of a work in general, the term “author” for works that consist of text

Cataloging codes provide Cataloging codes provide uniformity in practiceuniformity in practice

Patrons can move from library to library and be able to locate materials

Patrons can move from library to library and be able to locate materials

Librarians can provide services from library to library; allows sharing of resources

Librarians can provide services from library to library; allows sharing of resources

Earlier codesEarlier codes• 1841 – Sir Anthony Panizzi – British 1841 – Sir Anthony Panizzi – British

Museum – Museum – Rules for the compilation Rules for the compilation of the catalogueof the catalogue

• 1853 – Charles Jewett – Smithsonian 1853 – Charles Jewett – Smithsonian – – On the construction of catalogs On the construction of catalogs

• 1876 Charles Ammi Cutter - Boston 1876 Charles Ammi Cutter - Boston Athenaeum– Athenaeum– Rules for a dictionary Rules for a dictionary catalogcatalog

Recent codesRecent codes

• ALA rules (1949) for entry and ALA rules (1949) for entry and headingsheadings

• LC rules (1949) for descriptionLC rules (1949) for description

• AACR (1967) – two versions:AACR (1967) – two versions:

–BritishBritish

–AmericanAmerican

Recent codes (cont’d)Recent codes (cont’d)• AACR2 (1978)AACR2 (1978)

– Published jointly by Canada, Great Published jointly by Canada, Great Britain, and U.S.Britain, and U.S.

– Included new mediaIncluded new media

– Addressed changing Addressed changing circumstances and previous circumstances and previous ambiguitiesambiguities

– Periodic minor updates and major Periodic minor updates and major revisionsrevisions

The new code: RDAThe new code: RDA• Resource Description and Access Resource Description and Access • Recognition of increasing use of digital Recognition of increasing use of digital

technologiestechnologies• Resources and records for them readily Resources and records for them readily

move across cultural, national, and linguistic move across cultural, national, and linguistic boundariesboundaries

• Establish basic principles and how to apply Establish basic principles and how to apply those principles to a variety of types of those principles to a variety of types of content and formatcontent and format

• Incorporate ideas from FRBR (Functional Incorporate ideas from FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) Requirements for Bibliographic Records) established by IFLA (Internat’l Fed. of Lib. established by IFLA (Internat’l Fed. of Lib. Assocs. and Instits.)Assocs. and Instits.)

RDA/FRBR Group 1 entities : productions RDA/FRBR Group 1 entities : productions of intellectual/artistic endeavorof intellectual/artistic endeavor

WorkWork

ExpressionExpression

ManifestationManifestation

ItemItem

A distinct intellectual or artistic A distinct intellectual or artistic creation (content)creation (content)

Realization of a work in the Realization of a work in the form of alpha numeric, form of alpha numeric, musical ... notationmusical ... notation

Physical embodiment Physical embodiment of an expression of a of an expression of a workwork

Single exemplar or instance Single exemplar or instance of a manifestationof a manifestation

Relationships between RDA/FRBR Group 1 Relationships between RDA/FRBR Group 1 entitiesentities

WorkWork

ExpressionExpression

ManifestationManifestation

ItemItem

is realized through

is embodied in

is exemplified by

Harry Potter and the Four RDA/FRBR EntitiesHarry Potter and the Four RDA/FRBR Entities

WorkWork

ExpressionExpression

ManifestationManifestation

ItemItem

Harry Potter and the Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s StonePhilosopher’s Stone

English-English-language language novelnovel

Spanish-Spanish-language language novelnovel

Associated people and corporate bodiesAssociated people and corporate bodies

WorkWork

ExpressionExpression

ManifestationManifestation

ItemItem

Harry Potter and the Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s StonePhilosopher’s Stone

English-English-language language novelnovel

Spanish-Spanish-language language novelnovel

Creator

Translator

Publisher

Owner

RDARDA

January 2008

Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control called for suspension of work on RDA—FRBR is untested

RDA - June 2008RDA - June 2008

Library of Congress (LC)National Library of Medicine (NLM)National Agricultural Library (NAL)

“...a thorough and rigorous test of RDA was needed to answer questions about whether or not it should be further developed and implemented.”

RDA – November 2008RDA – November 2008

RDA - 2010RDA - 2010

RDA June 13, 2011RDA June 13, 2011Library of Congress (LC)National Library of Medicine (NLM)National Agricultural Library (NAL)

RDA June 13, 2011RDA June 13, 2011Library of Congress (LC)National Library of Medicine (NLM)National Agricultural Library (NAL)

• Provide a consistent, flexible and extensible framework for all types of resources and all types of content

•This goal was met

• Be compatible with international established principles and standards

•This goal was partially met

RDA June 13, 2011RDA June 13, 2011Library of Congress (LC)National Library of Medicine (NLM)National Agricultural Library (NAL)

• Be written in plain English, and able to be used in other language communities

•This goal was not met

• Be easy and efficient to use, both as a working tool and for training purposes

•This goal was not met

RDA June 13, 2011RDA June 13, 2011Library of Congress (LC)National Library of Medicine (NLM)National Agricultural Library (NAL)

Contingent on the satisfactory progress/completion of the tasks and actions items below, the Coordinating Committee recommends that RDA should be implemented by LC, NAL, and NLM no sooner than January 2013.

LC moved implementation date to March 2013

RDA April 1, 2013RDA April 1, 2013

Library of Congress officially converted to RDA

RDA April 2014 updateRDA April 2014 update

Cutter’s Cutter’s Rules for a Dictionary Rules for a Dictionary CatalogCatalog (1904 ed.) (1904 ed.)

• Tells client whether library owns a book if client knows the author, title, or subject (known-item search)

• Shows the holdings library has by an author, on a subject, or in a kind of literature (we do last only for children’s literature)

. . .

Cutter’s Rules for a Cutter’s Rules for a Dictionary Catalog (cont’d)Dictionary Catalog (cont’d)

• Identifies the work through adequate description and provides means to locate the work on the shelf

Forms of catalogs (1)Forms of catalogs (1)• Book catalog – write entries Book catalog – write entries

in a blank bookin a blank book– Originally done by handOriginally done by hand

• Difficult to keep in alphabetical Difficult to keep in alphabetical orderorder

– Printed versionPrinted version• Can distribute widelyCan distribute widely• Immediately out of dateImmediately out of date

Jefferson’s 1783 catalogJefferson’s 1783 catalog

http://www.thomasjeffersonpapers.org/catalog1783/

Forms of catalogs (2)Forms of catalogs (2)• Sheaf catalog – like looseleaf

notebook, sheaves tied together with ribbon

• Slip catalog – backing sheets with multiple pockets for slips with information about books– Could update– Had to shift slips

Forms of catalogs (3)Forms of catalogs (3)• Card catalog – cards size of French

playing cards– Can update– Can’t do Boolean searching– Time consuming to use and

keep current– Elaborate filing rules – in 1980 determined that over

50% of LC catalog cards were misfiled

Types of card catalogsTypes of card catalogs

DividedDividedAuthor & title;Author & title;

SubjectSubject

DividedDividedAuthor & title;Author & title;

SubjectSubject

ShelflistShelflistcall no. ordercall no. order

provides inventoryprovides inventory

ShelflistShelflistcall no. ordercall no. order

provides inventoryprovides inventory

DictionaryDictionaryAuthor, title & subj.Author, title & subj.in one; alpha orderin one; alpha order

DictionaryDictionaryAuthor, title & subj.Author, title & subj.in one; alpha orderin one; alpha order

Types of card catalogs (2)Types of card catalogs (2)

ClassedClassedClass nos. used Class nos. used

for filing; can have for filing; can have more than 1 class no.more than 1 class no.

ClassedClassedClass nos. used Class nos. used

for filing; can have for filing; can have more than 1 class no.more than 1 class no.

More forms of catalogsMore forms of catalogs

• COM (Computer Output Microform)– Compact– Need readers– Inflexible after

production– Used as back-ups

for OPAC– Not liked by patrons Microfiche reader

Still more forms of catalogsStill more forms of catalogs

• OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog)– Can update– Permits Boolean searching– Rapid retrieval– Expensive to maintain

• Hardware• Software• Training of staff and patrons

MARC FormatMARC Format

• Introduced in late 1960s• Communication

standard for transmission of cataloging data

• Record structure governed by ANSI standard Z39.2

Machine-Readable Cataloging Format

Henriette Avram

MARC Format (cont’d)MARC Format (cont’d)

• Content designation (codes to identify and characterize further the data elements within a record and to support manipulation of those data) defined in MARC 21 formats

• Data content governed by RDA, LCSH, etc.

Harry Potter and the sorcerer’s Harry Potter and the sorcerer’s stone – what the patron seesstone – what the patron sees

Personal Name: Rowling, J. K.

Main Title: Harry Potter and the sorcerer's stone / by J.K. Rowling ; illustrations by Mary GrandPré.

Edition Information: 1st American edition.

Published/Created: New York : A.A. Levine Books, 1998.

…

Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone – what the cataloger seesStone – what the cataloger sees

100 1_ |a Rowling, J. K.

240 10 |a Harry Potter and the philosopher's stone

245 10 |a Harry Potter and the sorcerer's stone / |c by J.K. Rowling ; illustrations by Mary GrandPré.

250 __ |a 1st American edition.

264 □ 1 |a New York : |b A.A. Levine Books, |c 1998.

Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone – what the computer seesStone – what the computer sees

01757cam 2200445 a45000010008000000050017000080080041 000250350021000669060045000879550086001320100017002180200037002350200022002720400028002940420009003220500025003310820014003561000019003702400045003892450095004342500021005292600042005503000033005925000021006255…

aRowling, J. K.10aHarry Potter and the philosopher's stone10aHarry Potter and the sorcerer's stone /cby J.K. Rowling ; illustrations by Mary GrandPré. a1st American edition. aNew York :bA.A. Levine Books,c1998. …

(The actual MARC record)

MARC fields informationMARC fields information

http://www.loc.gov/marc/

MARC fields information (cont’d)MARC fields information (cont’d)

…

20X-24X Title and Title-Related Fields

25X-28X Edition, Imprint, Etc. Fields

3XX Physical Description, Etc. Fields

4XX Series Statement Fields

5XX Note Fields

…

MARC fields information (cont’d)MARC fields information (cont’d)

RDA TookitRDA Tookit

http://www.rdatoolkit.org/

RDA – Where do we start?RDA – Where do we start?

WorkWork

ExpressionExpression

ManifestationManifestation

ItemItem

Harry Potter and the Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s StonePhilosopher’s Stone

English-English-language language novelnovel

Spanish-Spanish-language language novelnovel

RDA - where do we start?RDA - where do we start?http://www.rdatoolkit.org/

RDA Chapter 2RDA Chapter 2

RDA - Physical descriptionRDA - Physical descriptionhttp://www.rdatoolkit.org/

International Standard International Standard Bibliographic Description Bibliographic Description (ISBD)(ISBD)

• Standard for punctuation and indentation

• Allows identification of elements of a record even if that record is in a foreign language

RDA - PunctuationRDA - Punctuation

Areas of descriptionAreas of description

1. Title & statement of responsibility

2. Edition

3. Material format (not for books)

4. Publication, distribution, etc.

5. Physical description

6. Series

7. Note

8. Std. Number and terms of availability

Areas in MARC recordAreas in MARC record

020 ISBN

245 Title & statement of responsibility

250 Edition statement

260 Publication, distribution, etc.

300 Physical description

4XX Series

500 Note

Area 8

Area 1

Area 2

Area 4

Area 5

Area 6

Area 7

RDA Chapter 2 organizationRDA Chapter 2 organization

Area 1Area 2

Area 6

Area 4

Chapter 7 – Describing ContentChapter 7 – Describing Content

Providing access pointsProviding access points

Resources for descriptive Resources for descriptive catalogingcataloging• RDA gives the rules for description

and access points

http://www.rdatoolkit.org/

• MARC 21 gives information regarding the fields and subfields in which the data is encodedhttp://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/ecbdhome.html

Information organizationInformation organization

LibraryCatalogs

Corporate Taxonomies

FolksonomiesTag Clouds

BiologicalTaxonomies Professional

KnowledgeSpacesPersonal

Knowledge Spaces Digital

KnowledgeOrganization

Class DiscussionsClass Discussions

Abbas, June. 2010. Structures for organizing Abbas, June. 2010. Structures for organizing knowledge: exploring taxonomies, knowledge: exploring taxonomies, ontologies, and other schemasontologies, and other schemas

Laulima (for when we run out Laulima (for when we run out of discussion time in class)of discussion time in class)

https://laulima.hawaii.edu/portal

donnab ●●●●●●

LIS 605 Laulima siteLIS 605 Laulima site