linking computational thinking and game design · thinking and game design r. michael young nc...
TRANSCRIPT
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linking computational thinking and game
designR. Michael YoungNC State University
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games as a context for CS education
The games industry now generates more than $18B annually
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games as a context for CS education
Students have a passion for playing video games that directly translates into a
passion for creating video games
60% of 18 year olds play video games on a daily basis
98% of 18 year olds describe themselves as game players
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games as a context for CS education
Games now appeal to a broad range of people
average age of gamer in the US…?
48% of game players are female
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games as a context for CS education
tools as a challengescratch, snap
alicegame maker
unity, UDK, xna
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linking game play and rule structure
The aesthetic aspects of gameplay are games’ real draw
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Rules of Bartok• Deal 5 cards to each player
• Turn over the top card of the deck
• Player on the dealer’s left goes first
• Play a card of the same suit or rank -- or draw a card
• Jokers are wild
• Play until someone has no cards
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Now, change the rules
Cumulative draw two: playing a two means all subsequent draws must
increase in count by 1
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Now, change the rules
See the last card in any hand: when a player has only one card left, she must
show the card
Cumulative draw two: playing a two means all subsequent draws must
increase in count by 1
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Now, change the rules
Out of turn play: any player can play any time
See the last card in any hand: when a player has only one card left, he or she
must show the card
Cumulative draw two: playing a two means all subsequent draws must
increase in count by 1
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What changed?
• How was the experience of Bartok++ different from Bartok Original?
• How did the rule change bring about this change in your experience?
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How do we go from
• cards
• rules
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To...
• Intrigue
• Challenge
• Drama
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What’s missing?
FunRules
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the causal link
FunPlayRules
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the causal link
this is what sets games apart
Rules FunPlay
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games as software
Rule FunPlay
Cod
Mechanics
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games as software
FunPlay
Proc
DynamicsMechanics
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games as software
AestheticsPlay
Proc
DynamicsMechanics
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The MDA Framework
AestheticsPlay
Proc
DynamicsMechanics
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Definitions
• Mechanics: the rules that specify the game
• Dynamics: what the game and the players do
• Aesthetics: the emotional responses evoked by the game
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The designer/player
Mechanics
designer player
Dynamics Aesthetics
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The player’s perspective
Mechanics
designer player
Dynamics Aesthetics
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The player’s perspective
Mechanics
designer player
Dynamics Aesthetics
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some Bartok examples
• Mechanic: turn taking with expectation about future moves
• Dynamic: desire for a particular outcome. slow increase in expectation.
• Aesthetic: hope, tension, downfall?
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Bartok +++
• Amplify the dynamic you’ve discovered
• Add rules one at a time
• Play each iteration
Propose your own set of mechanics!
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Fail fast!
test analyze
revise
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Fail fast!
test analyze
revisefollow the fun!
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play for 12 minutes!
GO!
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MDA at work
• What was difficult?
• What was easier than you thought it would be?
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Team Bartok
• Every group: play Bartok with the three rules below
• First table out WINS
• Cumulative Draw Two
• Last Card Revealed
• No table talk
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Discussion
• How did changing the win condition change the game?
• Use MDA to discuss it!