LightLight

Stop Faking It!Stop Faking It!

Strand: Force, Motion, and EnergyStrand: Force, Motion, and Energy

SOL 5.3 The student will investigate and SOL 5.3 The student will investigate and understand basic characteristics of white understand basic characteristics of white light. Key concepts include:light. Key concepts include: The visible spectrum, light waves, reflection, The visible spectrum, light waves, reflection,

refraction, diffraction, opaque, transparent, translucent;refraction, diffraction, opaque, transparent, translucent; Optical tools (eyeglasses, lenses, flashlight, camera, Optical tools (eyeglasses, lenses, flashlight, camera,

kaleidoscope, binoculars, microscope light boxes, kaleidoscope, binoculars, microscope light boxes, telescope, prism, spectroscope, mirrors); andtelescope, prism, spectroscope, mirrors); and

Historical contributions in lightHistorical contributions in light

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Explain the relationships between Explain the relationships between wavelength and the color of light. Name wavelength and the color of light. Name the colors of the visible spectrum.the colors of the visible spectrum.

ROYGBIVROYGBIV

VocabularyVocabulary

Visible spectrum (visible light): a Visible spectrum (visible light): a combination of several different combination of several different wavelengths of light traveling together. It wavelengths of light traveling together. It is part of the Electromagnetic Spectrum.is part of the Electromagnetic Spectrum.

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Diagram and label a representation of a Diagram and label a representation of a light wave (wavelength, peak, trough)light wave (wavelength, peak, trough)

VocabularyVocabulary

Waves: a disturbance which carries energy and Waves: a disturbance which carries energy and that travels away from the starting point.that travels away from the starting point.

Wavelength: the distance between one crest of a Wavelength: the distance between one crest of a wave and the next crest (distance between wave and the next crest (distance between compressions); red is longest and violet is shortestcompressions); red is longest and violet is shortest

Peak: the highest point of a light wavePeak: the highest point of a light wave Trough: the lowest point of a light waveTrough: the lowest point of a light wave Frequency: the number of waves (light or sound) Frequency: the number of waves (light or sound)

produced in a given unit of time, such as a secondproduced in a given unit of time, such as a second

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Compare and contrast reflection and Compare and contrast reflection and refractionrefraction

Reflection Refraction

VocabularyVocabulary

Reflection: the bouncing of light from a Reflection: the bouncing of light from a surfacesurface

Refraction: the bending of light as it passes Refraction: the bending of light as it passes through one material to anotherthrough one material to another

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Design an investigation to determine what Design an investigation to determine what happens to light as it passes through a happens to light as it passes through a convex lens. Describe the results.convex lens. Describe the results.

A convex lens causes light to converge, or focus, producing an image that is smaller than the original object.

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Design an investigation to determine what Design an investigation to determine what happens to light as it passes through a happens to light as it passes through a concave lens. Describe the results.concave lens. Describe the results.

A concave lens causes light to diverge, or spread out, producing a larger image than the original.

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Identify some common optical tools, and Identify some common optical tools, and describe whether each has lenses, mirrors, describe whether each has lenses, mirrors, and/or prisms in it. These should include:and/or prisms in it. These should include:eyeglasseseyeglasses flashlights flashlights cameras cameras binocularsbinocularsmicroscopesmicroscopes

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Eyeglasses: have lenses

c. Hyperopia (farsightedness)

a. Normal eye

b. Myopia (nearsightedness) Corrected with concave lens

Corrected with convex lens

No correction needed

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Flashlight: has lenses and a mirrorFlashlight: has lenses and a mirror

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Cameras: have lenses, mirrors, and a prismCameras: have lenses, mirrors, and a prism

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Binoculars: have lenses and prismsBinoculars: have lenses and prisms

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Microscope: has lensesMicroscope: has lenses

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Explain the terms transparent, translucent, Explain the terms transparent, translucent, and opaque, and give an example of each.and opaque, and give an example of each.

Plastic wrap Wax paper Aluminum Foil

Transparent Translucent Opaque

VocabularyVocabulary

Transparent: materials that allow all light to Transparent: materials that allow all light to pass throughpass through

Translucent: letting light through but Translucent: letting light through but scattering itscattering it

Opaque: materials that do not let light Opaque: materials that do not let light throughthrough

Transmit: to send (as in sound or light). It Transmit: to send (as in sound or light). It also means light passing through an object.also means light passing through an object.

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Analyze the effects of a prism on white Analyze the effects of a prism on white light and describe why this occurs. Explain light and describe why this occurs. Explain why a rainbow occurs.why a rainbow occurs.

Essential Knowledge, Skills, and ProcessesEssential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes

Describe the contributions of these Describe the contributions of these scientists in creating and using optical tools:scientists in creating and using optical tools:Galileo GalileiGalileo GalileiRobert HookeRobert HookeAnton van LeeuwenhoekAnton van Leeuwenhoek Isaac NewtonIsaac Newton

Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei

ItalianItalian Lived from 1564-1642Lived from 1564-1642 Developed the refracting telescopeDeveloped the refracting telescope Developed the first known example of the Developed the first known example of the

microscopemicroscope

Robert HookeRobert Hooke

EnglishEnglish Lived from 1635-1703Lived from 1635-1703 Devised the compound microscope and Devised the compound microscope and

illumination systemillumination system Discovered plant cellsDiscovered plant cells Examined fossils with a microscopeExamined fossils with a microscope

Anton van LeeuwenhoekAnton van Leeuwenhoek

Dutch; born in HollandDutch; born in Holland Lived 1632-1723Lived 1632-1723 Made over 500 simple microscopesMade over 500 simple microscopes Discovered bacteria, free-living and Discovered bacteria, free-living and

parasitic microscopic protistsparasitic microscopic protists

Isaac NewtonIsaac Newton

EnglishEnglish Lived from 1643-1727Lived from 1643-1727 Discovered that white light was not a simple Discovered that white light was not a simple

entity, but splits into a range of colorsentity, but splits into a range of colors When he passed white light through a glass When he passed white light through a glass

prism, he noted that a spectrum of light was prism, he noted that a spectrum of light was formed; particle theory of lightformed; particle theory of light

Reflecting telescopeReflecting telescope