... '., ; ';v ; ' -- liberty and ; union.inow i and;".-- : FOjEW-JVER;- .' .;i one -. awd,; 1; i.lrV. - ..iiti'- -

yf W. HOLDEN. : - J. W. HOLDKN.

w. W. HOLDEIT & SON,EDITORS OF TIIB STANDARD,' '

j.nd authorized publishers ofthtlMvx of Vie United'' ' ' '

State. ::-- "; ' '

RATES OP ; SITBSCRIPTIOJT.TERMS--CAs- n in Advance.

paper, 1 ytr...-;- .. " 6 months

: . - .3 .

Weekly paper, 1 year" 6 months......

it 3" 5 copies 1 year.

" li . " 1 " .

$6 OO50

2 003 ro1 501 00

12 002d 00

To those who get up clubs of five or more sub-

scribers one copy, gratis, will be furnished.A cross X mark on the paper indicates the ex-

piration of the subscription.

RATES 'OF ' ADVERTISING. "

Ten lines or one inch space to constitutesquare.

One square, one insertion, $1 00

Each subsequent insertion, . 50

Liberal deduction made, by special contract, tolarge advertisers. .. .

Court advertisements will be charged 25 percent higher than the regular rates.

Special Notices charged 50 per cent, higherthan ordinary advertisements.

For advertisements inserted irregularly, 33 percent higher than usual rates will be charged.

No paper in the South has advertising facilitiessuperior to the Standard.

Letters must be addressed to, W. W. HOLBEN & SON, .

-.T Raleigh, N. C.

Causes of' Sudden Ddath. Very-fe-

of the sudden deaths which are saidto arise frpbi diseases of the heart doreally arise from that cause. To ascer-tain the real origin ofsudden deaths, anexperiment has been ; tried in Europe,and reported to a scientific congress atStrasburg.' Sixty-si- r cases of suddendeath were made the subject of & thor-ough postmortem examination; in thesecases only two were found who diedfrom disease of the heart. , Nine out ofsixtv-si- x had died from apoplexy, whilethere were forty-si- x cases of congestionof the lungs that is, the lungs were sofull of blood they could not work, notbeing room enough for a sufficient quan-tity of air to enter to support life. Thecauses that produce" congestion of thelunsrs are cold feet, tight clothing,

sitting still until chilledafter being warmed with labor or arapid walk, going toq ruddenly from aclose room into the air, especially afterBreaking, and sudden depressing 'newsoperating on the blood. These causesof sudden death being known, an avoid-enc- e

of them may serve to lengthenmany valuable lives, which would other-wise" be lost under the verdict of heartcomplaint. That disease is supposed tobe inevitable and incurrable ; hencemany may not take the pains they wouldto avoid sudden death, if they knew itlay in their power.

Appearance of the Sun from theNorth Pole.: To a person stauding atthe North ' Pole, the sun appears tosweep horizontally around the skyeverytwenty-fou- r hours, without any precep-tibl- e

variation during its circuit, in itsdistance from the horizon. On the 21stof June it is 23 degrees 38 minutes abovethe horizon-- a little more than one-fourt- h

the distance to the zenith, the highestpoint that r reaches. From thisaltitude it slowly descends, its trackbeing represented" by a spiral or screwwith a very fine thread ; and in thecourse or three months it worms, itsway down to - the horizon, which itreaches on the 23d of September. Onthis day it slowly sweeps around thesky, with its face half hidden below theicy sky. , It still continues to descend,and after it has entirely disappeared itis still so near : the horizon that it car-ries a bright twilight around the heav-ens in its daily circuit.

As the sun sinks lower and lower,this twilight gradually grows fainter,till it fades away. On the 26th of De-

cember the sun is 2G deg. 38 min. be-

low the horizon, and this is the mid-night of the dark winter of the Pole.From this date to sun begins to ascend,and after a time his return is heraldedby a faint dawn, which circles slowlyly around the horizon, completing itscircujt every twenty-fou-r hours. Thisdawn grows gradually brighter, and onthe 20th of March the . peaks of ice aregilded , with the first level rays of thesix months day. The bringer of thislong day continues to wind his spiralway. upward, till he reaches his highestplace on the 21st of June, and his an-nual course completed. Sucli is one ofthp most wonderful works of God.-J5ci-enti- fic

American.

Submarine Telegraph Cables.The longest lines of submarine cable atpresent laid and in successful operationare from Malta to Alexandria, in Egypt,1,518 miles: from Fao to Kurrachee, on

. the Persian Gulf, 1 ,360 ; and betweenFrance and its y lgerian possessions, 520.England is connected with the Conti- -nent by seven lines, the longest of whichis that to Denmark,. 350 miles ; Hano-ver 280, and. Holland, 140. The longline now succesfulty- submerged in thePersian Gulf, only likes a link of 160,miles Shatel Arab; on the Gnlf, to Di-wany-

on the Euphrates,' to completethe connection, between England andher Indian possessions. The comple-tion of the Russian route gives a secondniode of reaching India, from Irkoutsk,in Siberia; to Pekiii, via . the PersianGulf,, to Calcutta.!' Among the lineswhich have proved failures : is that - at-

tempted by the Dutch', trdm Batavia toSingapore, 00 miles ; the English linefrom Malta t Corfu, 440 niiles t andthat in , the Bud, Sea from . Suez toAden.. .y-,.:?:"-

.

Miscellaneous Advertisement . .

rJpUE NATIONAL EXPRESS'

AND

TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

IS NOW PREPARED TO CARRY

MONEY AND VALUABLE PACKAGES

to and lrom New York, St Louis, and intermedi-ate points, and as far South as Atlanta, Georgia.

In order to afford the most ample security toshippers, it has effected

An Insurance of $500,000on the money chests of the Company by eachtrain, with several leading Insurance Companies,such as theSUN, SECURITY, MANHATTAN, METRO

POLITAN AND PHENIX,whose aggregate Capital and Asseta amount to

915,000,000.8hippers are thus insured against common car-

rier's risk, and a security is uliordeu icver beforeoffered by any Express Company. For this,

NO ADDITIONAL CHALGE 13 MADE.

THE NATIONAL EXPRESS AND TRANSPOR-TATION COMPANY

is now prepared to do business asCHEAPLY, EFFICIENTLY AN" SECURELYas can be done by any other Company.

J. E. JOHNSON, PresidentA. F. FICKLIN, General Superintendent,May 21, 1800.

R U P T U R E .

t1USSM

SUPPORTERThese instruments arc entirely new, both in

Principle and Action, from all others Li;htClean and Easy no pressure on the back In-

ward and Upward Motion Cures the most obsti-nate cases of Rupture. Pamphlets free. Sold atwholesale and retail.

White's Patent Lever Truss Company,Sole Proprietors,

No. 009 Broad .vay, New York.April 17, 1866 6ui.

Cleanse the Blood,

il!W . WITH CO RRUPTdisordered or vitiatedblood, you are sick allover. It may burst outin Pimples, or Sores, orin some active disease,or it may merely keepyou listless, depressedand good for nothing.But you cannot havehealth while your bloodla impure. Atek'sSar- -

saparllla purges out these impurities and stimu-late tins organs of life into vigorous action, re-

storing the health and expelling disease. Henceit rapidly cures a variety of complaints which arecaused by impurity of the blood, such as Scrofula,or Kings"' Evil, Tumors, Ulcers, Sores, Eruptions,Pimples, Blotches, Boils, St. Anthony's Fire,Rose or Erysipelas, Tetter or Salt Rheum, ScaldHead, Ring Worm, Cancer, or Cancerous Tumors,Sore Eyes, Female Diseases, sue.i as Retention,Irregularity, Suppression, Whites. Sterility, alsoSrphilis or Venerial Diseases, Liver Complaints,and Heart Diseases. Try Ayek'b Sarsapaku-I-a- ,

and see lor yourself the surprising activity withwhich it cleanses the blood and cures thesedisorders.

During late years the public have been misledby large bottles, pretending to ive a quart ofExtract of Sursaparilla for one dollar. Most otthese have been frauds upon the sick, for they notonly contain little, if any, Sarsaparilla, but oftenno curative properties whatever. Hence, bitterdisappointment has followed the use of the vari-ous extracts of Sarsaparilla which Hood the mar-ket, until the name itselt has become synonymouswith imposition and cheat. Still we call thiscompound "Sarsaparilla," and ii tend to supplysuch a remedy as shall rescue the name frein theload of obloquy which rests upon it. We thinkwe have ground for believing it has virtues whicharc irresistible by the ordinary run oi the diseasesit is inteuded to cure. We can only assure thesick, that we offer them the best alterative whichwe know how to produce, and we have reason tobelieve it is by far the most effectual purilier ofthe blood yet discovered by any body.

Atek's Cherry Pectoral is so universallyknown to surpass every other remedy for thecure of Coughs, Colds, Influenza, Hiarsenes8,Croup, Bronchitis, Incipient Consumption, andfor the relief of Consumptive Patients in advanc-ed stages of the disease, that it is useless here torecount the evidence of its virtues. The worldknows them.

Prepared bv Dr. J. C. Ater A Co., Lowell,Mass., and sold by Williams & Haywood, and P.F. Pescud, Raleigh, N. C, and by dealers everywhere. may ti eod3m

ITV SEASONAt 44 Fayetteville Street.

ICE CREAM FREEZERS,PATENTCoolers,Oval and Round Wire Dish Covers,Weeding Hoes and Trace Chains,1 Ton Castings.

J. BROWN, with. Raleigh, June 9 tf Hart & Lewis.

J E. STENHODSE. A ALAN MACAULET.

& MACAULAY,gTENHOUSE1 anrl Rotntl ftrorerft and Commission

Merchants, at our Old Stand, Trade Street, Char-lotte, N. C.

Purchase and sell Uotton ana an oiner rroauce,on order.

entrusted to us shall command ourprompt personal attention.

T l TXT.K1 fl. CanKEFERENCES. uoruawi n uuiuic, jim uotj.Raleigh.

Dunlop, Moncnre & Co., Richmond, Va.Kent, Paine & Co., " "Martin & Tannahill, Petersburg, Va.ang 14 ly7

JOSiPf i BOJXEB8. . ;v - ;

- We keep constantly oa hand Iron Cauldron.75,130, and 200 jrallonsv - ' .V- -

'rr W MITCHELL & ALLEN,V i . Hardware Merchant",

Vnov 14-7- tf f:: t :.t,;-- ,Newbwrn,y3.'Nr

if oliffliwsiAiuit.-I)8niel:Wel)ste- r.f'

New York Advertisemeits. '

lATCRE S OWN REMEDIES.CONGRESS SPRING WATER.

FA1P1KE SPRING WATER.COLUMBIAN SPRING. WATER. ...

No natural or artificial compound has yet beendiscovered or tnamtfacturtd that equuls these wasters as a preventive, relief and permanent cure, formany teuiporurv and chronic diseases, as provedby tlie experience of many thousands who havedrank them tor years, with the most beneficialeffects.

Congress WaterIs a cathartic, alterative and tonic, and is a val-

uable remedy for affections of the Liver aud Kid-neys, Dyspepsia, Gout, Chronic Constipation andCutaneous diseases. Is a most powerful preven-tive of the Fevers and Bilious Cowpluiuts, soprevalent in warm climates.

Empire WaterIs a cathartic, and a valuable remedy for Rheu-

matism, Derangement of the Liver, Diseases ofthe Skin, and General Debility. Its effects aremost salutary in Lung Diseases. It is an almostsure cure for Scrofula, and the most agravat dforms of Dyspepsia. As a preventive arid cure furall Billious Derangements it stands unrivalled.

Columbian WateiIs a tonic and diuretic of a highly beneficial

character, and is a positive remedy for Diabetes,Gravel, Calculus, Irritation and Inflammation olthe Kidneys and Bladder, and has most singularlyactive effects in restoring these organs when de-bilitated by long disease. Females who havefered for years from irregn arity, and the distressing diseases known only to their sex, have beenentirely cured by the faithful and judicious use olColumbian Water. '

These waters are bottled fresh and pure, fromeach of the ubove named Springs, in so carefuland secure a manner that they preserve nil theirmedicinal value for years, and will be foundequally efficacious when drank thousands of milesdistant, as when taken directly from the spring.

Jif.ica.re of i,nitatioiix and inferior Water, thecorks of all genuine Congress, Empire and Co-lumbian Waters are branded on the side of thecork, thus

( Congress Water, j Columbian Water, 1

C. & E. S. Co. fl C. & E. S. Co. fl Empire Water, (1 C. & E. S. Co.

Packed safely and securely, in boxes suitablefor shipment to any part ol the world. Congressand Empire Waters in boxes, containing 4 DozenPints, or 2 Dozeu Quart Bottles each. Colum-bian Water in boxes containing 4 or 6 Dozen HalfPints, or 4 Dozen Pint Bottles each.

Sold by ull Druggists' Hotels, Wine Merchants'and first class Grocers.

Sold only at Wholesale, byHOTCHKISS SONS, Prop's,

StA Beekman St., N. Y.Orders by mail receive prompt attention,

march SO 1 3m.

PACIFIC HOTEL,1TO, 172, 174 &. 17C tJreenwich Street,

(.one square wes r or bkoadw at,)Between, Courtliuult ami Dey t., New York

JOHN PATTEN, Jr., Proprietor.

PACIFIC HOTEL IS WELL ANDTHE known to the traveling public. Theloeatlou is especially suitable to tncrcuants andbusiness men ; it is io close proximity to the busi-ness part of the City is on the highway of South-ern and Western travel, and adjacent to ail theprincipal Railroad and Steuuiboal depots.

The Pacific has liberal accommodations for overSOU guests; it is well furnished, and possesses ev-ery modern improvement for the comfort and

of its inmates. The rooms are spa-cious and well vedtilated; provided with pis audwater; the attendance is prompt aud respectful;and the table is generously provided with ever'delicacy of the season.

The subscriber, who, for the past four years,h:is been the lessee, is now sole proprietor, andintends to identify himself thoroughly with theinterests of his house. With long experience asa hotel keeper, he trusts, by moderate chargesand a liberal policy, to maiut&in the favorablereputation of the Pacific Hotel.

N. B. To prevent overcharge by Hackmen, thecoaches of flic Hotel are owned bv the proprietor,sept oO 241 lylO JOHN PATTEN, Jr.

TO THE WEAK IgTRKNGTIIYOUTH TO THE AGED

BIOKRENE,OR

LIFE REJU VENATOR.This preparation is nnequalcd as a Rejuveuator

and Restorer of wasted inert functions.The feeble, the aged, aud all those who have in

any way impaired their vitality by excessive men-tal or physical application, will find the Biokreneto be what its name implies, a Life liejuvenutor,which, while it builds up the shattered constitu-tion, will also impart to the feelings the brisknessand energy which belong to youth.

No matter by what cause any organ has becomeenfeebled in its functions, this superb preparationwill remove that cause at once and forever.

BIOKRENECURES GENERAL DEBILITY, IMPOTENCY

NERVOUS INCAPACITY, DYSPEPSIA,DEPRESSION, LOSS OF APPETITE,

-- LOWSPIRITS, IMBECILITY, MEN-TAL INDOLENCE, EMACIA-

TION, ENNUI.It has a most delightful, desirable and novel effectupon the NERVOL'S SYSTEM; and all who arein any way prostrated by nervous disabilities areearnestly advised to seek a cure in this most ex-cellent and uneqnaled preparation.

BIOKRENE.The FEEBLE, the LANGUID, the DESPAIR-

ING, the OLD, should give this valuable discov-ery a trial ; it will be found totally different fromall other articles for the same purpose.

To Females. This preparation is invalua-ble in nervous weaknesses of all kinds, as it willrestore the wasted strength with wonderful per-manence.

It is also a grand tonic, and will give relief inDyspepsia with the first dose. A brief persis-tence in its use will renovate the stomach to a de-gree of perfect health, and banish Dyspepsia for-ever.

One Dollar per bottle, or six bottles for $5.Sold by Druggists generally.

Sent by Express anywhere, by addressing,HCTCHINGS & HILLYER, Proprietors,

No. 28 Dey Street, New York

Sold In Raleigh by

Jan6 eodeowP. F. PESCUD,GEO. Z. FRENCH & CO.

Blossom Brothers(Successors to Benj. Blossom & Son.)

COMMISSION MERCHANTS,COTTON, NAVAL STORES, GRAIN,

TOBACCO, COTTON YARNS, SHEETING, Ac.No. 159 Frrat Street,

Chas. W. Blossom. ) NEW-YOR- K.

Jas. B. Blossom, .Josiau B. Blossom. ) .j -

Libcral advances made on consignments, on re-ceipt of Bill of Lading.

References The Bank of N. C, and other iBanks at Wilmington, Newbern, Washington, Tar-bor-

Fayetteville, Raleigh, Salisbury, Charlotteand Wadesboro'.

Cotton consigned to Us will be forwarded, freeof Forwarding Commission, at the various ports,by

W. H. J'cRARY & Co., Wilmington, N.C.,G EO. H. JROWN & Co., Washington, N. C,8. T. JONES & Co., Newbern, S:C,

"TIDDY, FLEMING Co., Do. , Da,HENRY GHISELIN, , Norfolk, Va., .

Who will pay taxes, &c., at the shipping port,when desired. , - . .

N. B Consignments to ns are covered by FTr' and Marine Insurance as soon as freighted, ironall places on all Railroads and Rivers in North asdSoath-Carolin- a, Georgia and Florida, and fran allSonthen. Shipping Ports, through to New-Yo- k,

whetner advice of shipment is received or .' June 27 2 ly8 ' - . : . . '

rpOBACCO LTOBACCO I TOBACCO I."'JL . . :

r 50" BOXES MANUFACT0RED , TOBACCO.alt grades. - - : '

r-- .

s 500 lbs. Darham-an- d othser Snaokhig Tw&wtcouJune tC, t. , . B. P. WILLIAMSON A CO--a.

" " ' 'r ' : ' .' - - .-.'. ..;

4X

New York' AdfertiseinenisV ;

oooCONSTITUTION-- WATER,-- :

is without doubt, the only known remedy forDIABATES, ,

CALCULUS, '

GRAVEL, '

BRICK DUST DEPOSITS,IRRITATION OF THE : NECK

OF THEBLADDER.

INFLAMATION OF THE KIDNEYS,CATARRH OF THE BLADDER, ;

" AND ALLFEMALE IRREGULARITIES.

Certificates of cures from well-know- n personsfrom all parts of the country in circular, will besent on addressing ' "

MORGAN & ALLEN, Agents,dec 1 tf No. 46 Clifl 8t, New York.

NEW PERFUMEFor the Handkerchief.

(3)

A Most Exquisite, Delicate, and Fra-grant Perfume, Dia tilled from the Rareand Beautiful Flower from which, ittakes its - name.Manufactured only by PITAL.ON dt SOX,

NEW YORK.

BEWARE OF COUNTERFEITS.AflK FOB PHALON'S TAKE NO OTHER.

Sold bi- - lni.Tf'fti renerllr.dec IX tt

- fcvi' in.nrtnritr .A If" m VSW

1604 CUES! NUT SrPHILADELPHIA.

ASTOfl Pi ACt. I 11 C3EEN ST.NEW YORK. I BOSTON

AC0CSS THE INVENTOR,B.FRANK.PfLMER.LL.D.PRESA.ALIMBC?.

These inventions stand approved as the "best"by the most eminent sSeieiitiue und Surgical Socie-ties ot the world, the inventor having been hon-ored with the award of FIFTY GOLD AND SIL-VER MEDALS (or "First Frizes") including theGreat Medals of the World's Exhibitions in London aud New York ; also the most Honorary Re-port of the great Society of Surgeons of Faris,giving his Patents place above the English andFrench.

Dr. Palmkk gives personal attention to the bu-siness of his profession, aided by men of the bestq ualili cations aud greatest experience. He is spec-ially commissioned by the Government, and hasthe patronage of the proniiuent OtHeers of theArmy and Navy. Six Major-Gcnera- ls aud morethan a thousand less distinguished officers and sol-diers have worn the Pulme'r Limbs on active doty,while still greater numbers of eminent civiliansare, by their aid, tilling important positions, andellcetuully conceal their misfortune.

Advice and Pamphlets Gratis.To avoid the imposition of piratical copyists,

apply only to Dk. FALMER, as above directed,or io his Agent, GEO. H. TAYLOR,

dec 5 tf New Berne, N. C.

Gi:OKGE SANGSTKK,IMPORTER OF '

Wines and Liquors,Mo. 25 Market Square,

NORFOLK, Va.

I have constantly on hand, and offer for sale:

WHISKEYS,"BRANDIES.

' GIN,

POKi, 8HERRY ANDMADEIRA WINES,

ALE, LAGER, &o.,Russ St. Domingo Bitters. BCourbon t'incktnil. ZZ. EBsfc- -

Brandy doArrack Punch.

: St. Domingo Punch.do Wine.

. Ginger Cordial.Lemon Svruo. &c.

RDM,

These Goods can be furnished by the case or inbulk, at New York prices, with the additionalcost ol freights.

t3& Country Trade is invited.GEO. SANGSTER,

oct 13 151 ly 10 Norlolk, Va

Post Office, Raleigh, N. C,February 24, 1860.

The mails will close as follows, on and afterthis date :

Western, daily, at .............. . 7.30 P. M.Eastern, " " .....8Northern, " 8 "Fayetteville" 8 "Carthage every Tuesnay at 8 "Roxboro " Wednesday at 1.30 "Leachburg" " at 1 "Oltlce hours from 8 A. M., to 6 P." M., during

the week, and from 8to 9.30 A. M., on SundayB.All letters to be delivered in the United States,

(including drop letters,) except those addressed toheads of Executive departments of the govern-ment, or heads of Bureaus therein or to chiefclerks of departments, or one authorized by thepostmaster Ucneial to frank official matter, must,be prepaid one full, rate, or they will be sent tothe dead letter office at Washington, D. C.

. A. MILLER. P. M.

J. L CONBICT &

8UCCESBOE9 TO ',

'.-'- - '

Condict, Jennings & Co.,

SADDLERY, HARNESS, LEATHER,

'Saddlery-Hardwar- e,

?f &6'i - fecl, ': ; Jtcf '' r

BTos 53 & 5T, Wkite St., New YorkiENNINGSV THOMLrNSO A' ca, :?jp

april 21 15--m, --r ; CHabxbstoS, 8. C..?

tS

- -.s.

.?

GONSTITUTIOIV

R T H-- C A O i N A.

"We, the delegates of the people of Hortlt-Caroliii- a, inConvention assembled, for the purpose of amending theConstitution of . the; State, having consolidated the sameas adopted on the eighteen th day of December, A. D., one"thousand seven hundred and seventy-si- x, with the amend-ments thereto which were ratified on the eleventh day . of

A. D., one thousand :

hundred and thirty-fiv- e,

together with sundry amendments adopted in the years onethousand eight hundred and fifty-si- x, one . thousand eighthundred and sixty-on- e and one thousand eight.hundred andsixty-tw- o, and other amendments adopted by 'this Conven-tion, do and establish the following Constitution forthe State;

R L

July, eight

ordain

ARTICLE I.

DECLARATION OF EIGHTS.

Section 1. All political power is vested in and derivedfrom the people onlyl

Sec. 2. The people of this State ought to have the soleand exclusive right of regulating the internal governmentand police thereof.

Sec. 3. No man or set of men are entitled to exclusive orseparate emoluments or privileges from the community, butin consideration of public services.

Sec. 4. The legislative, executive, and supreme judicialpowers of government ought to be forever separate anddistinct from each other.

Skc. 5. All power of suspending laws, or the execution oflaws, by any authority, without consent of the representativesof the people, is injurious to their rights, and ought not to beexercised.

Sec. 6. Elections of members to serve as representativesin General Assembly ought to be free.

Sec. 7. In all criminal prosecutions, every man has a rightto be informed of the accusation against him, and to confrontthe accusers and witnesses with other testimony, .and to havecounsel for his defence, and shall not be compelled to giveevidence against himself.

Sec. 8. No freeman shall be put to answer any criminalcharge, except as hereinafter allowed, but by indictment,presentment, or impeachment.

Sec. 9. No freeman shall be convicted of any crime, butby the unanimous verdict of a jury of good and lawful men,in open court, as heretofore used: The Legislature may,however, provide other modes of trial for petty misdemean-ors, with the right of appeal.

Sec. 10. Excessive bail should not be required, nor ex-

cessive fines imposed, nor cruel nor unusual punishmentsinflicted.

Sec. 11. General warrants, whereby any officer or mes-senger may be commanded to search suspected placeswithout evidence of the fact committed, or to seize anyperson or persons not named whose offence is not particu-larly described and supported by evidence, are dangerous toliberty, and ought not to be granted.

Sec. 12. No freeman ought to be taken, imprisoned, ormay

manner reducedliberty, twentieth

restrained liberty, is en- - J'tionto into thereof,

remedy ought . thirty resided fiyje

to be denied orSec. In all controversies at law respecting

the ancient mode trial jury is one of the best securi-

ties the rights of the people, and ought to remain sacredand inviolable.

Sec. The freedom of the press is of greatbulwarks of liberty, and ought never to berestrained.

Sec. The people of this State ought not to be taxed, orsubject to the .payment of impost or duty, with-

out the consent of themselves, or their representatives inGeneral Assembly, freely given.

Sec people have a right to bear thedefence of the State ; and, armies time of

are dangerous to liberty, they ought not to be kept up ;. - !. i u l- - i i itile military biiouiu uu n.epL binct buuuiuiiianuuand governed by, civil

Sec. The people have a right to assemble together,consult Common good, to instruct their representa-tives, and ' to apply to the legislature for redress of griev-

ances. , ,

Sec. All men natural and right toworship Almighty God according to the dictates theirconsciences.

Sec. For redress of grievances, and for amending andstrengthening the laws, ought be often , held.

Sec. .frequent recurrence to fundamental principlesis absolutely necessary to preserve blessings of liberty.

Sec. No hereditary emoluments, privileges, honors,ought to be granted conferred this

Sec. Perpetuit ies monopolies are contrary to theof a free State, and ought to

Sec. Retrospective laws, punishing facts committedbefore the existence of such laws, and by only de-

clared criminal, oppressive, unjust, and incompatiblewith liberty, wherefore, no ex post facto law ought tomade.'. ' ' : ""''.' ' ' ''. .

'.

'.

.",'.. Seo. 25. Slavery and involuntary servitude otherwisecrimes, the partiei shall have been duly, con vic--.

ted, shall .be, and is forever prohibited within , the"Stated 4 '". -r' "';'' 4?

. Sec. 26. The limits and boundaries of the State shall ber and remain they nowarelV ':f'-y:tsf-4- .

; courts shall be and yefV person, forantf iniurv done1 him in his lands; goods, person or repntar

F NE JTsAI'E 1 ; 'tion, shaU have, remedy by due course of law and,' right "and

Appiy at ta otandard uxwmy ; fnst3ceidministered without sale. deniaTor delay.

..v.

'.., .

Seo.', 28. , No soldier shall "in 'time of ..peace, quarteredin any house without the consent ofthe owner.; SOT in time ofwar, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. .. -

ARTICLE IL

LEGISLATIVE DEPAETltENT.

Section The legislative authority shall be vested in twodistinct both dependent on the people to-w-it : :

Senate and House of Commons.. V .l.i .

Sec. 2. The. Senate shall consist of . fifty representatives,biennially chosen by ballot, elected, by districts ; ;whichdistricts shall remain as they' are until the first session of theGeneral Assembly after the year one thousand eight hundredand Beventy-on- e ; and at 6uch session", and ' then every .

years thereafter shall be laid off by. the GeneraT Assembly,in proportion to public taxes paid into : the Treasury ofthe State by the citizens thereof ; and tne averagejot thepublic taxes paid by each county into the Treasury of theState, for the three years preceding the laying . of ,

districts, shall be considered as its proportion of the phblictaxes, and constitute the basis of apportionment : Provided,That no county shall be divided Jhv the. formation; of aSenatorial district; and when there are or more coun-ties, having an excess of taxation above the ratio to form a

district, adjoining county-o- r counties deficientsuch ratio, thei excess or excesses aforesaid shall be added

to the taxation. of the county or comities deficient ;. and if,with such addition, the county or counties receiving it shallhave the requisite ratio, such county and counties each shallconstitute a Senatorial district. . . : , . .

Secv3. The House of Conunons shall be composed of onehundred and twenty representativee; biennially chosenballot, to be elected by the counties respectively according --

to 'their entire respective white population, and eacJi coujityshall have at least member in the House ofCamin'pne,although it may not contain the requisite ratio' of white '

population. "" V'V':'.Sec. 4. This apportionment shall be by the

Assembly, at the respective times and . periods ' when thedistricts for the Senate hereinbefore directed to be laidoff; and the 6aid apportionment shall be to ade according toan enumeration to be ordered by the General Assembly, oraccording to the census which may. be taken "by order of

next preceding the period of making such appor-tionment. . - .;

Sec. 5. In making the apportionment.in 'theHouse of

Commons, the ratio representation shall be ascertained bydividing the amount the white .population' ' in; the- State,after deducting that comprehended within ' tKose'counties,which do not contain the one hundred Jand twen-tieth part of the entire white population aforesaid by thenumber of representatives less number assigned to thesaid counties. each county , containing the' said ratio,and twice the said ratio, there shall be assigned onerepresentative ; to each county containing twice, but not threetimes the 6aid ratio, there shall be assigned, two representa-tives, and so on progressively ; then the remainingrepresentatives shall be" assigned severally to the countieshaving the fractions. "'

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Sec. 6. . No new county shall be formed and established,unless there shall be, within the proposed boundaries there- -

J of, the one hundred and. twentieth part of , the. entire. whitepopulation of the State ; nor if the population of the county,

disseized of his freehold, liberties, or privileges, or outlawed, - r any of the counties, from which it be tp formor exiled, or in any destroyed, or deprived, of his life, i tnd establish the same, shall thereby, be below the

or property, but by the law of the land. ( me hundred and part of the' entire white popula--

Sec. 13. Every freeman, of his of the State. .; .'' '"va remedy to inquire the lawfulness Seo. 7. Each member the Senate 6hall be not less than

and to remove the same if unlawful, and such years of age ; shall have in the State years ;not delayed.

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6hall have usually resided in the'destrict for which' he-"i- s

chosen, one year immediately preceding his election,'and for. '

the same time shall have possessed, and shall i continue to"possess, in the district which ho represents, not less thap three .

hundred acres of land in fee; or a freehold of not less valuethan one thousand dollars, -- 'a . v Z' '"V '':(

Skc. 8. Each member of the House of Commons shal benot less than twenty-on-e years of age 5 shall have" resided inthe State five years, and shall have usually, resided ,jn thecounty in which he is chosen, for one year ' imniediately .

preceding his election, and for the ; samd iime snail Tiave.possessed, and shall continue to possess, in the county' which,he represents, a freehold of one hundred acres of land, or thevalue of three hundred dollars. . : .. Jr.--:'.:- : -

Sec. 9. Every man of the age of twenty-one- .; rears, whomay have been an inhabitant of the State for twelve months,and of the district in which he proposes to.vote, six monthsnext before the day of any election, and shall ltxe paid pub-lic taxes, shall be entitled to vote for a memler'of the Senatefor the district in which he may then reside, - ..- -1 '.

Sec. 10. Every man of the age of twenty-on- e years, whomay have been an inhabitant of. the State for twelve monthsnext before the day of election, tatik of the eonnty in whichhe proposes to vote for six Tiionths next before theday ofelection, and shall have paid ptHi taxes, shall be entitledto vote for members of the House Coniisuois for tie eonntyin which he shall then'resid.:.;.-;-:.- ! 3''.f'Sec. 11. Each person elected to the Senate or' House fCommons, shall hold his, seat from 'tbe tjm letionuntil the next biennial elertfcn' 'v - V

. Sec. 12. The "Senate and ' House of. Commons shall meetbiennially, and .whest assembled, 6haU be' denomuxated. theGeneral. Assembly..;'

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SecI 13. The House e4T Cohhbobs Bnan;ho t$iei? owrspeaker" and other cfiacersy .Urp.iii ;;v'

SEa 14. The Iieeant-4venidr-sha- n :presid theSenate, but sktsUl faatve w vote unlets they, be equally di--

. Sec. iS.' JThe. Seaate- - shall ehoose their other oSen, andalso a speaker jv Hfw ra the; absence of' the- - lieutenant --

Governor, or when he shall Exercise the pflice cif OoTernor.- Sro.'16.- - EbjHoajalr qoalif cations

and elections' of; its. own members ; shall sit upon' its ownadjournments frooi Saj to day; prepare 'bills to be passedinto laws' 4' writs for isbpplying intermediate vacancies ;and may also jointly adjourn to any.future day or place.

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