1a Coastal Lowlands1b Coastal Uplands1c Low Olympics1d Volcanics1e Outwash1f Willapa Hills

1 Coast Range

2e Eastern Puget Uplands2f Central Puget Lowland

2c San Juan Islands2d Olympic Rainshadow

2a Fraser Lowland2b Eastern Puget Riverine Lowlands

2 Puget Lowland

2g Southern Puget Prairies2h Cowlitz/Chehalis Foothills2i Cowlitz/Newaukum Prairie Floodplains

11c Maritime-Influenced Zone11f Canyons and Dissected Highlands11g Canyons and Dissected Uplands11l Mesic Forest Zone11m Subalpine-Alpine Zone

11 Blue Mountains

10a Channeled Scablands10b Loess Islands10d Okanogan Drift Hills10e Pleistocene Lake Basins10f Dissected Loess Uplands10g Yakima Folds10h Palouse Hills10i Deep Loess Foothills10l Lower Snake and Clearwater Canyons10m Okanogan Valley

10 Columbia Plateau 3a Portland/Vancouver Basin3d Valley Foothills

4a Western Cascades Lowlands and Valleys4b Western Cascades Montane Highlands4c Cascade Crest Montane Forest4d Cascade Subalpine/Alpine

3 Willamette Valley

4 Cascades

9a Yakima Plateau and Slopes9b Grand Fir Mixed Forest9c Oak/Conifer Foothills

9 Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills

15g Western Okanogan Semiarid Foothills

15h High Northern Rockies

15r Okanogan-Colville Xeric Valleys and Foothills

15s Spokane Valley Outwash Plains

15u Inland Maritime Foothills and Valleys

15v Northern Idaho Hills and Low Relief Mountains

15w Western Selkirk Maritime Forest

15 Northern Rockies

15x Okanogan Highland Dry Forest

15y Selkirk Mountains

77a North Cascades Lowland Forests

77b North Cascades Highland Forests

77c North Cascades Subalpine/Alpine

77d Pasayten/Sawtooth Highlands

77e Okanogan Pine/Fir Hills

77f Chelan Tephra Hills

77g Wenatchee/Chelan Highlands

77h Chiwaukum Hills and Lowlands

77i High Olympics

77 North Cascades

Level III ecoregionLevel IV ecoregionCounty boundaryState boundaryInternational boundary

50 0 5025 km

50 0 5025 mi

Scale 1:1,350,000

Pater, D.E., S.A. Bryce, T.D. Thorson, J. Kagan, C. Chappell, J.M. Omernik, S.H. Azevedo, and A. J. Woods. 1998. Ecoregions of Western Washington and Oregon (2 sided color poster with map, descriptive text, summary tables, and photographs). U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. Scale 1:1,350,000.

Clarke, S.E. and S.A. Bryce. 1997. Hierarchical subdivisions of the Columbia Plateau & Blue Mountains ecoregions, Oregon & Washington. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-395. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR. 114p.

Thorson, T.D., S.A. Bryce, D.A. Lammers, A.J. Woods, J.M. Omernik, J. Kagan, D.E. Pater, and J.A. Comstock. 2003. Ecoregions of Oregon. (2 sided color poster with map, descriptive text, summary tables, and photographs). U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. Scale 1:1,500,000.

Publications:

McGrath, C.L., A.J. Woods, J.M. Omernik, S.A. Bryce, M. Edmondson, J.A. Nesser, J. Shelden, R.C. Crawford, J.A. Comstock, and M.D. Plocher. 2002. Ecoregions of Idaho. (2 sided color poster with map, descriptive text, summary tables, and photographs).U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. Scale 1:1,350,000.

Ecoregion information is available at: http://www.epa.gov/wed/pages/ecoregions.htm.

Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmentalresources. They are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research, assessment, management, and monitoring ofecosystems and ecosystem components. These general purpose regions are critical for structuring and implementingecosystem management strategies across federal agencies, state agencies, and non-governmental organizations that areresponsible for different types of resources within the same geographical areas. The approach used to compile this map isbased on the premise that ecological regions can be identified through the analysis of patterns of biotic and abioticphenomena, including geology, physiography, vegetation, climate, soils, land use, wildlife, and hydrology. The relativeimportance of each characteristic varies from one ecological region to another regardless of the hierarchical level. TheEcoregions of Washington map was compiled at a scale of 1:250,000, as part of the US EPA framework of ecological regions.Although there have been differences in conceptual approaches and mapping methodologies used by the USDA–ForestService, USDA–NRCS, and US EPA to develop the most common ecoregion-type frameworks, collaboration on refinementof these frameworks is a step toward attaining consensus and consistency in ecoregion frameworks for the entire nation.Comments regarding this map should be addressed to James Omernik, U.S. Geological Survey, 200 SW 35th Street,Corvallis, OR 97333, (541) 754-4458, omernik.james@epa.gov; or Glenn Griffith, Dynamac Corp., c/o US EPA, 200 SW35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, (541) 754-4465, griffith.glenn@epa.gov.

Level III and IV Ecoregions of WashingtonJune, 2010

C A N A D A

C A N A D A

BRITISH COLUMBIA

PA

CI F

I C O

CE

AN

Ross Lake

Lake Chelan

PotholesReservoir

Columbia River

Willapa Bay

GraysHarbor

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Puget Sound

Hood

Canal

LakeWashington

BanksLake

Strait of Georgia

Soleduck

River

River

Quinault

Chehalis River

RifleLake

Yale Lake

RiverToutle

CowlitzRiver

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15r

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10m

1d

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2f

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77h

15g

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77i

2i

2b

10b

10b

15s

4c

1e

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77f

3a

10b

2h

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10i

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11f

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15u

77g

1a

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77b

10g

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15w

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77c

2c

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15r

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15h15h

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15w

1a

1a

1a

1c

77b

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

77c

15w

15w

15v

10b

10b

10b

10b

10b

10b

10b

10b

10b

10g 11c

11c

11l

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10b

10b10b

10b10b

4d

4d

4d

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2b

1d

77i

1b

2d

2d

2c2c 77b

77c

77c

77b

77b

77b

2f

2f2f

2f

2f

2f

3d

15h

15y

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15s 15o

15o

15v

10h

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15j

10l

11f

11g

11f

11g

11k

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11c

11e11c 11k11c

11l

10n

10i

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10c10e

9c10k10c

4a

4b3d

3a

3c

3d

1d

1f

1f1f

1d

1b

1d

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1a

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10h

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1d OREGON

IDA

HO

.Victoria

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.

.

Duncan

Nanaimo

PortAlberni .Vancouver

.GrandForks

Pendleton

Forks

Richland

Umatilla

Portland

Garibaldi

CannonBeach

Astoria

Clatskanie

The Dalles

HoodRiver Wallowa

GrandCoulee

Pasco

Kelso

Colfax

AsotinDayton

Yakima

Tacoma

Newport

Spokane

Pomeroy

Ephrata

Prosser

Everett

Seattle

Shelton

Colville

Republic

Okanogan

Chehalis

Ritzville

Davenport

Wenatchee

Stevenson

Montesano

Vancouver

Cathlamet

Waterville

Ellensburg

Goldendale

Coupeville

Bellingham

South Bend

Walla Walla

MountVernon

PortAngeles

PortOrchard

PortTownsend

FridayHarbor

..

Pullman

Redmond

Aberdeen

LongBeach

Olympia

.

.

.

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SAN JUAN ISLANDS

Lewiston

Moscow

117°

117°

118°

118°

119°

119°

120°

120°

121°

121°

122°

122°

123°

123°

124°

124°

49° 49°

48° 48°

47° 47°

46° 46°