lessons learned from past notable disasters new zealand part 3b: earthquakes walter hays, global...
TRANSCRIPT
LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS
NEW ZEALANDPART 3B: EARTHQUAKES
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna,
Virginia, USA
NEW ZEALAND’S NEXT DAMAGING EARTHQUAKE WAS INEVITABLE
NEW ZEALAND’S NEXT DAMAGING EARTHQUAKE WAS INEVITABLE
• ---BUT, NEW ZEALANDERS DIDN’T EXPECT A SECOND REMINDER OF THE IMPORTANCE OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE
• SO SOON---• ON FEB. 21, 2011
NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND
NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND
FLOODS
WINDSTORMS
EARTHQUAKES
VOLCANOES
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
HIGH BENEFIT/COST PROGRAMS FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT
HIGH BENEFIT/COST PROGRAMS FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT
GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES
GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES
Natural Phenomena that Cause Disasters
Planet Earth’s Restlessness Causes Movement of Tectonic Plates:
Earthquakes
SECOND DAMAGING EARTHQUAKE STRIKES CHRISTCHURCH, NEW
ZEALAND
A SHALLOW (4.1 KM), M6.3 QUAKE LOCATED 5 KM FROM
CHRISTCHURCH STRUCK AT NOON ON FEB. 21, 2011
PHILIPPINO SEISMOLOGIST: LOOKS AT SEISMOGRAMS IN MANILA
EPICENTRES: SEPT. 3, 2010 AND FEB 21, 2011 EARTHQUAKES
THE 4.1-KM DEPTH MADE THIS EARTHQUAKE MORE DAMAGING
SOCIETAL IMPACTS EXACER-BATED BY SHALLOW DEPTH
• Strong ground shaking toppled tall buildings and churches on a busy weekday, killing at least 145 people, severing communication lines, and leaving the centre of the city looking like “a war zone” and unusable.
INTENSITY MAP: CHRISTCHURCH
CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”
CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”
CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”
PYNE GOULD GUINESS BUILDING: COLLAPSED
COLLAPSED BUILDING; CHRISTCHURCH
TRAPPED IN RUBBLE
• More than 100 people, including as many as a dozen visiting Japanese students, were trapped in the rubble.
DAMAGE: CHRISTCHURCH CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL
COLLAPSE: A BAPTIST CHURCH
CRUSHED CARS: CHRISTCHURCH
BARACADED BUILDING; CHRISTCHURCH
INTERIOR CONTENTS
RAIL LINES
LANDSLIDE
SEARCH AND RESCUE
• Despite darkness and drizzling rain, rescue crews with sniffer dogs (and eventually heavy equipment) fanned out across the city in search of survivors, some of whom were sending text and phone messages from beneath the rubble.
SEARCH AND RESCUE WORKERS
UNUSUAL PHYSICAL IMPACTS
• 40 million tons of ice were separated from Tasman Glacier located 120 mi from the epicentre, and flooding occurred in Bexley, a suburb of Christchurch.
40 MILLION TON ICE CHUNK DISLODGED FROM TASMAN GLACIER
DISLODGED ICE IN TASMAN LAKE
CHRISTCHURCH SUBURB, BEXLEY, FLOODED
ECONOMIC IMPACT
• The New Zealand Government's Treasury on Sunday, March 6th released an estimate that February's magnitude 6.3 quake, combined with September's magnitude 7.1 temblor, would cost around 15 billion New Zealand dollars ($11 billion).
NEW ZEALAND’S 2011 ECONOMIC GROWTH
---CUT IN HALF
POLICY POLICY ADOPTIONADOPTION
POLICY POLICY ADOPTIONADOPTION
RISK ASSESSMENT
• VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY
• EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
• EVENTEVENT
POLICY ASSESSMENT
• COSTCOST
• BENEFITBENEFIT
•CONSEQUENCESCONSEQUENCES
TIME FOR A NEW EARTHQUAKE SCENARIO AND A TIME FOR A NEW EARTHQUAKE SCENARIO AND A POLICY REVIEW: TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE DISASTER POLICY REVIEW: TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE DISASTER
RESILIENCERESILIENCE
EARTH-EARTH-QUAKESQUAKES
EARTH-EARTH-QUAKESQUAKES EXPECTED EXPECTED
LOSSLOSS
EXPECTED EXPECTED LOSSLOSS