LESSON 1LESSON 133

140

Review of there is and there areReview of there is and there areWe use there is or there are when we talk about something for the first time, to say that it exists.There are three mirrors in my apartment.There is a big bed in my sister’s room.There isn’t a sofa in our dining room.There are six rooms in Janet’s house.

The subject follows the verb "to be" when there is used. The verb always agrees with the nounthat follows there. The negative of there is is there is not or there isn’t. The negative of there areis there are not or there aren’t. In the question form, is and are come before there.

You may use there is and there are when answering a question using how many.There are three boys in the living room. The subject is boys.There isn’t a map in the classroom. The subject is map.There is a chair in Jon’s kitchen. The subject is chair.There is a picture above Ed’s bed. The subject is picture.

We can begin question sentences with isn’t there and aren’t there.Isn’t there a computer in Tim’s room?

No, there is not.Aren’t there any candles in your room?

Yes, there are four candles.

Here is a chart to help you:

Example: __Are there_______ any candles in the room?

How many computers __________________?

________________ any books in the room.

Lesson Lesson AAtt hhoommeeAAtt hhoommee1313

Exercise 1: Fill in the gaps. Use positive, negative or questions forms of there is and there are.

singular There is a book on the table. The subject always followsverb be when there is used.plural There are three books on the table.verb

_________________ much noise in the living room?

______________ a picture above the bed.

_______________ 3 bedrooms in Carol’s house.

How much traffic _______________ in the neighborhood?

_________________ many plants in the house.

_______________ a mirror in the bathroom?

What kind of furniture ______________ in the living room?

________________ some chairs in the kitchen.

Review of count and noncount nounsReview of count and noncount nounsI have an apple.There isn’t a bed in that room.Sara has a computer in her living room.Alec doesn’t have a mirror in his bathroom.

The nouns apple, bed, computer and mirror are count nouns. You can count then with numbers (one apple, two apples, etc.). They can be preceded by an indefinite article (a or an).They have a plural form ending in –s , -es or –ies.

There is furniture on the truck.Mike needs sugar for his tea.Tony must do his homework in his bedroom.Alexi always puts water in the refrigerator.

The nouns furniture, sugar, homework and water are noncount nouns. They can’t be countedwith numbers (one homework). They can’t be preceded by a or an. There is no plural form.

Review of some and anyReview of some and anyWe’ll look at some first.There are some flowers on the table.There is some rice in the cupboard.Bridget has some blouses in her wardrobe.We have some perfume in the bathroom.

At homeAt home

141

LESSON 1LESSON 133

142

Some is usually used in positive sentences. It can be used in front of count and noncount nouns. With count nouns, it is used in front of plural nouns. With noncount nouns, it means thereis a quantity of something.

Now let’s review any.Ken doesn’t have any homework tonight.There aren’t any paintings in my bedroom.There aren’t any good programs on TV tonight.Michael doesn’t have any clean clothes in his wardrobe.

We use any in negative sentences. It means there is or are none. It can be used in front ofcount and noncount nouns. Any can also be used after never.Ken doesn’t have any homework tonight. = Ken has no homework.There aren’t any good programs on TV tonight. = There are no good programs on TV tonight.There are never any bottles of water in the refrigerator. = There are never bottles of water in therefrigerator.

In question forms, it can be used in a positive form and negative form.Do you have any books?

Yes, I have four books.Don’t you have any books?

No, I don’t have any books.

Review of adjectivesReview of adjectivesAdjectives modify nouns. They are usually in front of a noun. With the verb "to be", they cancome after the noun.It is beautiful.Jake’s bedroom is dirty.There is a delicious cake in the cupboard.Andy has a new magazine on the coffee table.

Beautiful, dirty, delicious and new are adjectives. It is beautiful. Beautiful modifies it.Jake’s bedroom is dirty. Dirty modifies bedroom.There is a delicious cake in the refrigerator. Delicious modifies cake.Andy has a new magazine on the coffee table. New modifies magazine.

Review of adverbsReview of adverbsAdverbs tell us about a verb.The students did their homework quietly.Ellen cleaned his bedroom carefully.My mother cooks very well.She ate her breakfast quickly this morning.

An adverb tells us how a person does something or how something happens. Many adverbs end in –ly. The students did their homework quietly. The adverb is quietly. The adverb tells us how the stu-dents did their homework.

Ellen cleaned her bedroom carefully. The adverb is carefully. The adverb tells us how Ellencleaned her bedroom.

My mother cooks very well. The adverb is well. The adverb tells us how she cooks.

She ate her breakfast quickly this morning. The adverb is quickly. It tells us how she ate her breakfast.

There are some irregular adjectives and adverbs.Good is an adjective. The adverb is well.Her French is good. She speaks French well.Fred is a good guitar player. He plays the guitar well.

Some words can be adjectives and adverbs.

She is a fast reader. She can read fast.John is a hard worker. John works hard.The cleaning woman was late. My father got up late this morning.

She is a fast reader. Fast is an adjective. It modifies reader (noun).She can read fast. Fast is an adverb. It modifies read (verb).

John is a hard worker. Hard is an adjective. It modifies worker (noun).John works hard. Hard is an adverb. It modifies works.

The cleaning woman was late. Late is an adjective. It modifies cleaning woman (noun).My father got up late this morning. Late is an adverb. It modifies got up (verb).

Adverbs are also used to express time. Today, tomorrow and yesterday are adverbs.He will clean the bathroom tomorrow.Josh painted his bedroom yesterday.We will buy a new armchair today.

Adverbs are also used to express how often we do something. Never, sometimes, often etc. areadverbs. These adverbs are called adverbs of frequency. They usually come before the verb. Withthe verb "to be", these adverbs come after the verb.My sister never smokes in her bedroom.Our family usually eats in the dining room.My grandfather rarely buys new furniture.

With the verb "to be", these adverbs come after the verb.Kevin’s aunt is always happy.Gina was never late for breakfast.

At homeAt home

143

Comparisons with as….as Comparisons with as….as Let’s look at as…….as with adjectives first.Sandy’s room is as clean as Ted’s room.Al is as tall as his father.The kitchen sink is as dirty as the bathroom sink.My television is as new as Jennifer’s television.

As….as is used to say that the two parts of a comparisonare equal or the same in some way. We use as + adjective + as.Sandy’s room is as clean as Ted’s room. Sandy’s room is clean. Ted’s room is clean, too.

LESSON 1LESSON 133

144

Adjectives Adverbs

Exercise 2: Look at the sentences in the section above. Fill in the chart with as many adjectivesand adverbs that you see.

Al is as tall as his father. Al and his father are the same height.The kitchen sink is as dirty as the bathroom sink. The kitchen sink is dirty. The bathroom sink isdirty, too.My television is as new as Jennifer’s television. My television is new. Jennifer’s television is new, too.

Let’s look at the negative of as…as with adjectives.George’s armchair isn’t as old as Gabe’s armchair.The living room ceiling isn’t as high as the dining room ceiling.Colleen’s rugs aren’t as beautiful as Sheila’s rugs.Vera isn’t as young as her sister.

The negative form of as...as is not as…as. It is used to say that two parts of a comparison are notequal.George’s armchair isn’t as old as Gabe’s armchair. George’s armchair is newer.The living room ceiling isn’t as high as the dining room ceiling. The living room ceiling is lower.Colleen’s rugs aren’t as beautiful as Sheila’s rugs. Colleen’s rugs are plainer than Sheila’s.Vera isn’t as young as her sister. She is older than her sister.

Example: A chair and a sofaA chair isn’t as big as a sofa.

A living room and a bathroom___________________________________________________________

Good health and money___________________________________________________________

Coffee table and bedside table___________________________________________________________

Big television and computer___________________________________________________________

Chair and armchair___________________________________________________________

Living room ceiling and garage ceiling___________________________________________________________

My curtains and your curtains___________________________________________________________

At homeAt home

145

Exercise 3: Using the words, complete the sentences using as…as or not as…as You can makepositive or negative sentences.

Picture in the living room and picture in the hall___________________________________________________________

My new apartment and my old apartment___________________________________________________________

The sink in the bathroom and the sink in the kitchen___________________________________________________________

Example: Bob is younger than Sally. (old)Bob isn’t as old as Sally.

This table is cheaper than that table. (expensive)__________________________________________________________

My parent’s bathroom is bigger than my bathroom. (small)__________________________________________________________

John’s cupboards are dirtier than Marie’s cupboards. (clean)__________________________________________________________

Andy’s paintings are more colorful than Sam’s paintings. (plain)__________________________________________________________

Her desk is longer than her brother’s desk. (short)__________________________________________________________

Her room is smaller than her brother’s room. (big)__________________________________________________________

The picture in the hall is newer than the picture in the dining room. (old)__________________________________________________________

The hall in my apartment is wider than the hall of my sister’s apartment. (narrow)__________________________________________________________

The wallpaper in the dining is nicer than the wallpaper in the bedrooms. (ugly)__________________________________________________________

The chairs in the dining room are softer than the chairs in the kitchen. (hard)__________________________________________________________

LESSON 1LESSON 133

146

Exercise 4: Make sentences using as….as with the adjectives in parentheses. You can make posi-tive or negative sentences.

At homeAt home

147

As….as with adverbsAs….as with adverbsAdverbs are used in the same way adjectives are used : as + adjective + as, as + adverb + as.Stan cleaned the kitchen as quickly as Jeff did.Paul did his homework as easily as his brother did.Making an omelet was as hard as making a cake.He drove the car as carefully as his father.

This way is also used to say that two parts of a comparison are the same. The negative form is: not + verb + object/complement + as + adverb + as.Stan didn’t clean the kitchen as quickly as Jeff did.Paul didn’t do his homework as easily as his brother did.

Stephanie and Barry are building a _________ house in the country. They want to have chil-

dren and their old house is very _____________. Barry works

___________ at his job so he can save a lot of money. They want to

build it ______________ because Stephanie will have a baby soon.

They also want to build it ________________ because they don’t

want to have any problems. The new kitchen will be

________________. It won’t be as __________ as the

_____________ kitchen. They want more space for a big dining room.

Barry wants to buy some ____________________ chairs and a _____________ table for the

dining room. They ____________________ eat in the kitchen but will eat in the dining room if

they have visitors.

There will be three bedrooms. The first bedroom will be for Barry and Stephanie. It will be big.

The other two bedrooms will be as big as their bedroom. They want to have many children. The

bedrooms should be big.

The workers are _______________ there. They work very _______________. The new house

won’t be as _______________ as the old house, but Stephanie and Barry will be

___________________.

Exercise 5: Fill in the blanks. Use adjectives or adverbs.

LESSON 1LESSON 133

148

ReadingReading

1) Where is Dolmabahçe Palace?

2) Why didn’t Mahmut II like Topkap› Palace?

3) How long did it take to build the palace?

4) Who directed its erection?

5) When did the Sultan move in?

6) What would a visitor think is the most prominent feature of the palace when viewing it from outside?

7) What separates the apartments of the Queen Mother from the harem rooms?

8) What is always adjacent to each private bedroom?

9) What constructions finished the outside grounds?

10) Were horses kept inside the palace or in one of the supporting units?

T he Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul is one of themost beautiful landmarks in Europe. It was built

for Sultan Mahmut II , who found Topkap› Palace tooconfining for his royal tastes. From 1843 until its com-pletion in 1856, the construction of this magnificentstructure was supervised by Karabet Balyan.

In late 1856, the Sultan took up residence in thisluxurious palace. The exterior appearance of the palace is dominated by its high centralReception Room, and wings, left and right, containing the public and private harem rooms.The apartments of the Queen Mother project 95 meters off the harem section at rightangles, attached to the harem by the apartments of the Crown Prince. The interior plan ofthe palace is quite simple, consisting of groups of rooms on a straight line, opening to alarger chamber, and forming a cohesive unit. Each private bedroom opens into a centralliving chamber. The outside grounds of the palace were completed by the additions of theMosque of the Queen Mother and the Clock Tower. Additional sections and buildings wereadded to the complex, such as the Treasury, the Glass Villa, and opposite the shore road,the pharmacy and the pastry kitchens of the palace. Along the shore on either side of themain palace were supporting units of the sultan’s household carriage houses, stables and aspecial Harem for the Princes.

Read the passage and answer the questions

ANSWER KEY Lesson 13

Exercise 1: Fill in the gaps. Use positive, negative or questions forms of there is and there are.

How many computers are there?There aren’t any books in the room.Is there much noise in the living room?There is a picture above the bed.There are 3 bedrooms in Carol’s house.How much traffic is there in the neighborhood?There are many plants in the house.Is there a mirror in the bathroom?What kind of furniture is there in the living room?There are some chairs in the kitchen.

Exercise 2: Look at the sentences in this section. Fill in the chart with as many adjectives andadverbs that you see.

Exercise 3: Using the words, complete the sentences using as…as or not as…as. You can makepositive or negative sentences.

A living room isn’t as small as a bathroom.Good health is as important as money.The coffee table isn’t as small as the bedside table.The big television isn’t as expensive as the computer.The chair isn’t as comfortable as the armchair.The living room ceiling isn’t as low as the garage ceiling.My curtains are as colorful as your curtains.The picture in the living room isn’t as old as the picture in the hall.My new apartment isn’t as cramped as my old apartment.

At homeAt home

149

Adjectives Adverbsbeautiful quietlydirty carefullydelicious wellnew quicklygood fastfast hardhard latelate today

tomorrowyesterdayneversometimesoftenusuallyrarelyhappy

The sink in the bathroom isn’t as high as the sink in the kitchen.

Exercise 4: Make sentences using as….as with the adjectives in parentheses. You can make posi-tive or negative sentences.

Example: Bob is younger than Sally. (old)Bob isn’t as old as Sally.

This table isn’t as expensive as that table.My parent’s bathroom isn’t as small as my bathroom.John’s cupboards aren’t as clean as Marie’s cupboards.Andy’s paintings aren’t as plain as Sam’s paintings.Her desk isn’t as short as her brother’s desk.Her room isn’t as big as her brother’s room.The picture in the hall isn’t as old as the picture in the dining room.The hall in my apartment isn’t as narrow as the hall of my sister’s apartment.The wall paper in the dining room isn’t as ugly as the wallpaper in the bedrooms.The chairs in the dining room aren’t as hard as in the kitchen.

Exercise 5: Fill in the blanks. Use adjectives or adverbs.

Stephanie and Barry are building a new house in the country. They want to have children andtheir old house is very small. Barry works hard at his job so he can save a lot of money. Theywant to build it quickly because Stephanie will have a baby soon. They also want to build itcarefully because they don’t want to have any problems. The new kitchen will be modern. Itwon’t be as big as the old kitchen. They want more space for a big dining room.

Barry wants to buy some beautiful chairs and a nice table for the dining room. They usuallyeat in the kitchen but will eat in the dining room if they have visitors.

There will be three bedrooms. The first bedroom will be for Barry and Stephanie. It will be big.The other two bedrooms will be as big as their bedroom. They want to have many children. Thebedrooms should be big.

The workers are always there. They work very hard. The new house won’t be as cheap as theold house, but Stephanie and Barry will be happy.

ReadingReadingDirections: Read the passage and answer the questions.1) It is in Istanbul.2) It was too confining.3) The palace took 13 years to build.4) Karabet Balyan directed its erection.5) The Sultan moved to the palace in 1856.6)A visitor would think the Reception room is the most prominent feature.7) The apartments of the Crown Prince separate the apartments of the Queen Mother from the harem rooms.8) A central living chamber is always adjacent to each private bedroom.9) The construction of the Mosque of the Queen Mother and the Clock Tower completed the outside grounds.10) The horses were kept in the stables outside the palace.

LESSON 1LESSON 133

150

At homeAt home

151

vocabulary listvocabulary list

NOUNS VERBS ADJECTIVES ADVERBS PREPOSITIONSblanket agree angry always atcabinet begin beautiful carefully byceiling borrow comfortable easily fromfireplace count delicious fast forfloor modify dirty finally in lasagna practice fast easily in front ofpillow precede hard hard onplain late late on top ofplant new never toshower oftensink properlysoap quicklysoup quietlytrigonometry rarely

slowlysometimestodaytomorrowyesterday

CONJUNCTIONS QUESTION WORDSand how manybut whereor whichso who

why