Journal Questions so far…Entry #1

– What distinct groups of people can you find in China? What events may have united or divided these groups?

Entry #2– Do you think the lower classes have the power to change political systems? Why? Give examples.

Entry #3– Compare Britain’s industrial development with China’s. What are the similarities? What are the

differences? Entry #4

– Is protest the best way to achieve political goals? Why or why not? Give examples. Entry #5

– Do you think that watching television is a big cause of crime and anti-social behavior? Why or why not?

Entry #6– Who do you think is the most interesting British author? Why?

Entry #7– We watched some of the negative campaign ads. Who do these ads hurt more, McCain or Obama?

Why?

Problems with the website

• Many sites are blocked in China• To get to some of these sites, you may need

to use a proxy server– www.youhide.com– www.iphide.com

• After you go to this site, you can enter the address– http://www.slideshare.net/patrickwolak

U.S. Expansion and the Civil War

Topics for today• American expansion– The territory of the U.S. gets larger– Native Americans and expansion

• Differences in development between the north and south– These economies developed differently. Why?

• The Civil War– These differences eventually lead to war

• Slavery and the treatment of African-Americans– Did things really improve after the war?

The U.S. Grows• Louisiana Purchase (p. 68)

– Thomas Jefferson purchased Louisiana from the French in • 1812 Monroe Doctrine (p. 71)

– Europeans not to start new colonies in North or South America– European countries are not to interfere with newly established

republics (Chile, Peru, Mexico and Brazil)– The U.S. is not to interfere with European affairs

• U.S. – Mexican War 1846-1848 (p. 72)– U.S. takes control of Native American territories– U.S. wins conflict and Mexico loses half of its territory

• Westward Movement (p. 74)– Over 500,000 Europeans come to America between 1815-1830– Conditions in the cities were not good, so they headed west

Louisiana Purchase

Expansion of the U.S.

Westward movement

• Manifest Destiny– A belief in the 19th Century that it was the destiny

of the United States to expand its territory

– A belief in the extension of the U.S.’s political, social and economic forces

Manifest Destiny

What about the Native Americans?

• We already know that people were living in the Americas at this time. What happened to them as a result of this expansion?

Native Americans

• Many died from diseases brought by Europeans

• There was fighting amongst Colonists and Native Americans

• Policies to “civilize” the Native Americans• Many were relocated (The Trail of Tears)– Indian Removal Act of 1830– Many of these Native Americans were sent to

Oklahoma

Trail of Tears

• From this information, we see that the U.S. grew very quickly

• As people headed west, the differences between the North and South were growing

• The North became industrialized while the South relied on agriculture

Development of the U.S. economy

The North• Industrial production

– Wage labor

• Large population– About 22 million people

• Good transportation system

The South• Agricultural Economy

– Slave labor

• Smaller population– About 9 million– 3.8 million of this includes

slaves

• Poor transportation system

Slavery

Slavery in the Americas

• About 13 million black Africans were sent to the Americas between the 16th and 19th Century– Most were sent to Brazil– About 645,000 of these slaves were sent to the

U.S.– By 1860, the slave population in the U.S. was

around 4 million

Slavery problems before the Civil War

• 1831 – Nat Turner (p. 76)– Turner and a group of African Americans killed 55

white people– Turner and over 100 African-Americans were killed

• 1854 – Douglas Bill – Made slavery legal in the new states of Kentucky and

Nebraska• 1859 – John Brown and Harper’s Ferry– A plot to give slaves weapons

• Abraham Lincoln is elected in 1860– Lincoln and the Republican party were “anti-slavery”

Civil War

• Southern states left the Union (1861)– South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi,

Florida, Louisiana and Texas

• These states would be known as the Confederate Union of America

• Fighting begins• 4 other states join the Confederacy– North Carolina, Arkansas, Virginia and Tennessee

Confederate Union of America

Civil War

• You can read about the famous battles of the war from pgs. 78-81

• The Union (Northern) States held a large advantage over the Confederate States which lead to their defeat

• The war was basically a conflict of ideas and the two economies of the North and South

• The importance of this war is not the battles, but the ending of Slavery

Emancipation Proclamation

• January 1st, 1863– Ended slavery– Many former slaves joined the army in the North– Helped the North gain advantage

After the war

• The end of slavery helped the country develop• America would become the leading industrial

nation

• Next class– We will discuss many of the social problems after

the war– African-Americans were freed, but we will find

that the struggle for civil rights a difficult battle

Journal #8

• We have discussed some of the negative events of American history. Many of these events have a long lasting impact on America.

• Why is it important to study or remember these events?