les amérindiens / native american history. how hollywood has portrayed native americans
TRANSCRIPT
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Les Amérindiens / Native American History
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How Hollywood has portrayed Native Americans
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Selected tribes c. 1500
Source: Norton Anthology of American Literature, 8th ed.
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Last Ice Age: 75,000-10,000 BCE(Before the Common Era).
Arrival of « first Americans »?
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Clovis spear point
British Museum
For hunting large game: mammoth, mastodon, caribou, bison (also called buffalo)
Oldest points date to 10,000 BCE
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Bison hunting
Painting by George Catlin, 1844
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Desert Southwest
• 1500 BCE: maize (corn) introduced from Mexico
• 1000 BCE: squash and beans introduced from Mexico
• 200 CE: permanent villages• 500 CE: extensive irrigation: « Hohokam »
culture
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Desert Southwest
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Late 17th-early 18th century kiva in Pecos, New Mexico
Irrigation system
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Casa Grande (1300s)
Compound, c. 1400
Ruins ofGreat House, c. 1890
Source: National Park Service
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Desert Southwest
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Chaco Canyon (10th-13th century CE)
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Mesa Verde (550 CE- 1300 CE)
Source: National Park Service
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After the drought
• Anasazi -> Pueblo Indians in New Mexico• Hohokam -> Pima and Papago Indians in
Arizona• Joined by new groups: Apache and Navajo
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Eastern Woodlands
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Poverty Point, 1000 BCE-700 BCE
Source: Louisiana State Parks
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Source: Encyclopedia Britannica
Turn toward agriculture: 700 CE-1000 CEMaize, squash and beans
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Mississippian trade center
Artistic reconstructions of Cahokia at its peak c. 1050 CE
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Cahokia
Cahokia today
Artist reconstruction c. 1050 CE
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Selected tribes c. 1500
Source: Norton Anthology of American Literature, 8th ed.
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The Iroquois
• Mohawk• Oneida• Onondaga• Cayuga• Seneca (14th century?): The Iroquois Confederacy
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Red Jacket (Sa-go-ye-wa-tha)
1835 lithograph after a painting by Charles Bird King