IMAGES & ON-SCREEN TEXTare portrayed

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NARRATION and PRODUCTION

NOTES are in Courier New

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What is a Waste Audit ?

What is a waste audit?

(Main Title)

What is a Waste Audit ?

A waste audit is a study of the quantity, distribution and composition of the solid wastes a facility generates.

It is a study of the quantity,distribution, and composition of the solid waste a facility generates.

(Definition dissolves in)

Waste Auditing Involves determining:–how much waste is generated–what kinds of waste are

generated–sources and causes of waste

Performing a waste audit will tell you:

- how much waste is generated- what kinds of waste are generated- sources and causes of waste

(Bullet points dissolve in as mentioned)

Waste Auditing Will help you to identify:-priority wastes: high-volume, toxic, or

hazardous substances which should be eliminated

-further opportunities for waste reduction and pollution prevention

-wastes which can be sold, bartered, or traded on a materials exchange or elsewhere

Waste auditing will help you identify:-priority wastes: those high-volume, toxic, or hazardous substances which should be eliminated for economic, environmental, or safety reasons

-further opportunities for waste reduction and pollution prevention

-wastes which can be sold, bartered, or traded on a materials exchange or elsewhere

Waste Auditing Helps you to comply with new

and existing environmental laws and regulations

Helps you meet the criteria for international certification (e.g. ISO 14000)

Waste auditing also...

helps you to comply with new and

existing environmental laws and

regulations, and...

helps you meet the standards for

international certification,

such as ISO 14000

Environmental

Economic

The benefits of waste auditing are both environmental and economic.

(Words appear onscreen)

Environmental

Economic

• less waste• reduced pollution• toxics control• preservation of land

(‘Economic’ grays out; bullet points dissolve in with the following narration)

Environmental benefits include -less waste to be disposed of-reduced pollution of air, water, and soil from landfill leachate and incineration -reduction or elimination of toxic substances from the waste stream -preservation of land, such as natural areas and farmland

Environmental

Economic

• less waste• reduced pollution• toxics control• preservation of land

•lower costs•higher efficiency•potential revenues•compliance

(‘Environmental’ and bullet points gray out; ‘Economic’ and associated bullet points dissolve in with the following narration):

Economic benefits include -lower costs. Operating costs, waste disposal costs, and materials costs will be reduced;-improved efficiencies in materials use and in production processes-potential revenues from the sale of reusable or recyclable material-compliance with laws, regulations and international standards, opening up broader markets

How do I perform a

Waste Audit?

? ?? ?????? ?

Whether you work for an industry, a government office, a small business, or any other institution, performing a waste audit provides the opportunityto reduce waste, protect the environment, and save money. Nearlyevery operation benefits from anexamination of its waste generationpatterns. This section of the program will show you how. (Music / sfx transition with animated title)

Waste Auditing: The Basic Steps

1. Review Operations

2. Identify Wastes

3. Plan the audit

4. Conduct the audit

5. Analyze the data

6. Report and implement your findings

A waste audit has six basic steps:

(bullet points dissolve in with narration)

1. Review the operations of the facility or location where the audit will occur2. Identify the types of wastes which you will encounter during your audit3. Plan the audit based upon the information you gather in steps 1 and 24. Conduct the waste audit according to your plan5. Analyze the data that you collect6. Report and implement your findings

Step1. Review Operations- physical layout

- functional operation

The first step in any audit is to review the operations of the facility where the audit will be performed.

You will need to understand both the physical layout and the functional operation of the facility.

(Bullet points dissolve in in the foreground with narration. Background graphic showing halftone floor plan moves across screen; halftone animated flowchart [moving arrows and boxes?] superimposed)

Layout of ABC Company

Reception

Shop

Cafeteria

Receivin

g

Key waste generating area

A good starting point is to obtain or create a plan of the physical layout of your facility. In larger operations, you may require several such plans.

On the plan, you can identify key waste generation areas. You will referto these later in the auditing process.

Sometimes, waste audits are conducted overlarge areas like entire municipalities. In such cases, details about waste collection routes, schedules, building types, and frequency of waste collection are required.

Background DataFor each facility or department,

collect and record general information including:– type of operation– location of operation– size of operation– number of employees– number of operating days per year

Basic background data is required for every waste audit. For each facility,department, or locale, collect and record general information including:– type of operation– location of operation– size of operation– number of employees– number of operating days per year

(bullet points dissolve in with narration)

For each department or activity in larger facilities you should record:– names of contact persons– location of each activity or operation– size of each operation– number of employees– special characteristics of operation (e.g. uses

toxics; has production peaks, etc.)

In larger facilities or operations, more information may be required to create a complete waste generation profile. On a department-by-department basis, you should record:

•the names of contact persons–the location of each activity or operation–the size of each operation–the number of employees–any special characteristics (e.g. uses

toxics; has production peaks, etc.)

(bullet points dissolve in with narration)

(Sample Worksheet 3a/b)

PRINT FORM

Other data may be collected and recorded as required. No two facilities are identical.

A form like this one is useful for collecting and organizing your data.

Existing Waste Management Systems

and Activities

– reuse systems

– recycling systems

– disposal systems

– informal sector activities

You must also collect information on the existing waste management activities in place. These may include:

Reuse - what materials or items are reused onsite or elsewhere?

Recycling - what materials are recycled onsite or elsewhere? Where are they collected? Who are the contractors? What are the costs?

Disposal - who collects your facility’s wastes? Whatare the costs? What methods are used?

Informal sector activities - are wastes collectedefficiently by scavengers or self-employed recyclers?Are partnerships with these people a possibility?

(Sample Worksheet 3c/d/e/f)

PRINT FORM

A worksheet like this one is useful to help you collect information on existingwaste management systems and activities.

Step 2: Identifying WastesReception

Shop

Cafeteria

Receivin

g

Key waste generating area

Step 2 in the waste auditing process isto identify wastes.

Using your knowledge of production processesand the map or diagram of your facility which you obtained or created earlier, you can identify the different sites in yourfacility which generate distinct types of waste.

(Image of production area)

For example, the production area of amanufacturing facility might generate:

- corrugated cardboard- metals- plastics- pallets- sludges

(words or images of wastes appear superimposed on image of production area as words are spoken)

(use real examples from facility audited)

(Image of office area)

The office or administrative area of amanufacturing facility might generate:

- office paper- mixed paper- plastics

(words or images of wastes appear superimposed on image of office or administrative area as words are spoken)

(use real examples from facility audited)

(Image of cafeteria or canteen)

The cafeteria or canteen area of amanufacturing facility might generate:

- food wastes- glass, metal, and plastic food and beverage containers- disposable food service items

(words or images of wastes appear superimposed on image of cafeteria as words are spoken)

(use real examples from facility audited)

Identifying WastesMajor materials

categories:

PAPER

GLASS

FERROUS METAL

NONFERROUS METAL

PLASTICS

TEXTILES

LEATHER

RUBBER

...etc...

Many different categories and types of waste materials exist. A classification scheme for waste has been provided in the ‘Materials Identification’ section of this program.

Some standard recommended major materials classesare: PAPER, GLASS,FERROUS METALS, NONFERROUS METALS,PLASTICS, TEXTILES, LEATHER, RUBBER, and WOOD.

Many sub-classes of materials can be used in your audit. The materials classification scheme provided in this program covers a large number of these, but individual audits may require additional categories of materials depending upon the composition of the wastes generated in the facility.

Preparing a detailed breakdown of waste composition,using many different categories, is always a goodidea. You can always combine detailed materials categories into broader categories later, but you cannot go the other way.

Step 3: Planning the Audit

(A) Determine Waste Audit Methodology

(B) Choose your sample period

(C) Determine Resource Requirements

The third step in waste auditing is to plan the audit. This consists of threetasks:

a. Choose a methodb. Choose a sampling strategyc. Identify audit resource requirements

(Bullet points dissolve in in the foreground with narration.)

a. Choosing a method...

ALL audits identify composition and quantity of wastes

Choice of audit depends upon:– level of accuracy and detail required–availability of resources– type and size of facility–cycles of operation of facility

All waste audits are meant to identifycomposition and quantity of waste thatis being generated in a facility. The most appropriate audit method to use depends upon:

–level of accuracy and detail required–availability of resources–type and size of facility–cycles of operation of facility

(Bullet points dissolve in in the foreground with narration.)

Three main approaches...

BASIC AUDIT:

Visual Assessment

DETAILED AUDIT:

Waste Sampling and Sorting

PROCESS AUDIT:

Input / Output Assessment

There are three main audit methods.The most basic type of audit is thevisual assessment.

More detailed is the waste sampling andsorting assessment, a widely used auditmethod suited to most purposes.

For production processes and continuous-flow industrial operations,the process audit or input/outputassessment provides the most information.

BASIC AUDIT:

Visual Assessment Involves:–walking through the facility

–visually estimating the volumes and composition of waste generated in differnt areas

–estimating the weights of waste materials.

The most basic form of audit is the visual assessment.

This is the simplest and least timeconsuming method, but also the least accurate. In most cases, it is useful only as a preliminary or exploratory audit.

It consists of walking through all areas of the facility, visually estimating the volumes and weights of waste materials.

DETAILED: Waste Sampling and Sorting

Involves:–collecting representative samples of solid

waste at ‘end of pipe’ or in specific areas

–identifying and sorting waste into categories

–weighing waste from each category

–calculating waste composition

The most widely used audit method is the waste sampling and sorting assessment, or detailed audit. This form of audit involves:- collecting representative samples of solid waste at ‘end of pipe’ or in specific waste generation areas

- identifying and sorting waste into

representative categories

- weighing waste from each category

- calculating total waste composition

PROCESS:

Input / Output Assessment Involves:–understanding all of the processes in

your facility–defining process inputs and outputs in

order to determine the material balance–calculating waste outputs for each

process using material balance methods

For production lines and other processes, the input / outputassessment may be the most appropriate.It involves:- understanding all of the processes in your facility

- defining process inputs and outputs

in order to determine the material

balance

- calculating waste outputs for each

process using material balance

methods

BACK NEXT

BASIC AUDIT:

Visual AssessmentDETAILED AUDIT:

Waste Sampling and Sorting

PROCESS AUDIT: Input / Output Assessment

Each audit method has its ownadvantages and disadvantages.

To learn more about the pros and cons of each audit method, clickon the text.

To continue, cick on the ‘NEXT’icon.

Table of pros and cons of each audit methodgoes here - text page modelled on manual, Figure 3.1(Pros and Cons of different waste audit methods)

(Branch to table displaying the pros and cons of each audit method)

b. Choose a sampling strategy

You must decide upon: location: where to sample frequency: when and how often

to sample number: how many samples to

take

To develop an accurate waste generation profile for your facility, you must decide:- Location: where to sample;- Frequency: when to sample, and how often; and- Number:how many samples to take.

There is no single sampling strategy which fits every facility.You must choose a strategy whichmeets the needs of your own audit.

“End of Pipe” (at the final disposal bin or destination)

Location: Where should you sample?

In distinct waste

generation areas

In small faciities or companies whichgenerate only a few types of waste, then it might be possible to sample only at the ‘end of pipe’: in the finaldisposal bin for the whole facility.

In larger organizations, where differentareas of the facility produce differenttypes of waste, then you will have to sample the waste in each waste generation area.

(graphics appear in sync with narration)

(Sample Worksheet 3g)

PRINT FORM

A worksheet like this one is useful to help you collect information on distinct waste generation areas in yourfacility.

1999

Sampling Frequency:

When? How often?

When, and how often, should you sample?

Usually, your audit objective will be to collect a sample of waste that is representative or typical of waste generation patterns in your facility.

• Choose periods which capture a typical or normal sample of waste

1999

Sampling Frequency:

When? How often?

So you should choose sampling periods whichexhibit normal waste production patterns.‘Typical’ work days are the best.

• Choose periods which capture a typical or normal sample of waste • Avoid unusual events (holidays, special deliveries)

1999

Sampling Frequency:

When? How often?

Avoid holidays, special activities, or irregular events like special deliveries.

• Choose periods which capture a typical or normal sample of waste• Avoid unusual events (holidays, special deliveries)• Choose a sampling period that can be repeated in the future

1999

Sampling Frequency:

When? How often?

You should also choose sampling periods whichcan be repeated in the future. This way, you can do repeat sampling at a later date in order to make comparisons and track improvements you might make as a result of the insights you gather from your wasteaudit.

Continuous improvement is a key feature of all environmental management systems.

• Choose periods which capture a typical or normal sample of waste• Avoid unusual events (holidays, special deliveries)• Choose a sampling period that can be repeated in the future• Consider sampling over a period of time to increase accuracy

1999

Sampling Frequency:

When? How often?

If there is some variability in waste generation in your facility, then you should consider sampling over a longer time period to increase the accuracy of your sample.

For example, you could sample every day for a week, or randomly on several days in a month.

• Choose periods which capture a typical or normal sample of waste• Avoid unusual events (holidays, special deliveries)• Choose a sampling period that can be repeated in the future• Consider sampling over a period of time to increase accuracy• Consider the cycle of activities in your facility (e.g., annual production or business cycle, work year, etc.)

1999

Sampling Frequency:

When? How often?

You must also consider the cycle of activities in your facility. Some facilitieshave predictable seasonal changes in wastegeneration - for example, in schools, waste generation drops off during the summer holidays. Some factories, such as fruit canneries or clothing manufacturers, producedifferent product lines from season to season, generating different types andamounts of waste.

You must take this into account when planning your sampling strategy.

How many samples

should you use?

QUANTITY:• take enough samples to get a representative profile of the quantity of waste generated over time ==> sample at least once in every waste generation area

When determining the quantity of wasteproduced in your facility, you must decide how many samples to take.

You must sample at least once in each wastegeneration area. If the amount of waste is highly variable from sample to sample over a given time period, then more samples are required.

QUANTITY:• take enough samples to get a representative profile of the quantity of waste generated over time ==> sample at least once in every waste generation area

COMPOSITION:• when the composition of successive samples from a given waste generation area remains relatively constant, the sample size is large enough

How many samples

should you use?

In waste generation areas which produce waste made up of many different materials - like a cafeteria, for example - the composition of each successive sample might vary.

As a rule of thumb, when no new materials appear in subsequent samples taken from agiven waste generation area, and when the per cent composition of each material in the waste stream begins to stabilize, then thesample size is large enough.

d. Identify your resource requirementsYou must have adequate: People Time Space Equipment

To conduct a successful audit, you needenough people, time, space, and equipment toperform all of the necessary tasks.

•How many people will be needed? What will each person do?

•How much time will you need to plan, conduct,and follow up on the audit?

•Where will the work be performed? Is the physical space available adequate?

•What kind of equipment and safety gear will you need?

Equipment : weigh scales pails or containers for waste samples garbage containers or bags sorting table tongs Safety gear: gloves, face masks,

safety glasses, aprons specialized equipment

Most solid waste audits require only basic equipment: weigh scales in appropriate capacities, containers or pails to hold and sort waste samples, garbage containers orbags for refuse, a sorting table to sortsamples, and tongs to separate waste into different categories.

Safety equipment is also necessary, unlessyou are absolutely sure that the materialbeing sorted is harmless. Gloves, face masks, safety glasses, and aprons are useful in most audits.

(show separate images of equipment)

Step 4. Conduct the Audit

Step 4 of the waste auditing process is to actually conduct the wasteaudit. Data from this part of theprocess will give you insights intohow to reduce waste and improve the efficiency of your facility or operation.

Since you just reviewed operations and planned your audit, you now know the locations of waste generation areas in your facility, and you have determined the sampling strategy that you will use.

Detailed Audit: Steps Involved

Record total amount of waste generated during the time period selected–usually recorded by weight– sometimes recorded by volume, or

other specialized measurement units

For each waste generation area, record the total amount of waste generated over the time period you have selected.

Generally, you will weigh the wastematerials, although for some types ofwastes, you might record waste generation by volume or some other specialized units.

If you use subsamples, remember to record the weight of each subsample beforesorting it into categories.

(background image of crew weighing sample of unsorted waste, with text superimposed)

(image of waste being dumped on sorting table)

Next, transfer the weighed sample to thesorting area in preparation for sorting.

Most samples can be easily sorted on a sorting table like this one, using tongs.

(image of crew sorting waste

into categories)

Sort waste into desired categories

Next, sort the waste into the desired material classes.

You may sort the entire sample, if itis small enough, or you might sort onlyrepresentative subsamples of the total sample of waste, depending upon your audit plan.

(buckets with sorted materials in them)

Separate containers can be provided for each class of material, making sorting easier.

(image of sorting crew taking different material classes from table using tongs)

If you have a crew of several people, sorting proceeds quickly if each person specializes in just one or two waste categories at a time.

Concentrate on sorting out the most common categories of materials at first, as these will usually be the most important components of the waste stream.

Later, as time permits, you can sort outless common materials in the sample.

(bucket with partially sorted materials in them, e.g. mixed plastics or clear / coloured glass)

Sometimes it is more efficient to sort the waste into broad material classes at first, then to do a finer sort into more detailed material classes later.

(image: weighing of a single category of

material)

Weigh each category

Next, weigh each class of material andrecord the weight. Data may be simply written onto a printed version of the form, or entered directly into a laptop computer.(inset: waste audit form appears)

Remember: it is always better to have many narrow material categories that you can add together later, rather than a few broad material classes which do not give you enough resolution about the composition of the waste stream.

Step 5:Analyzing Waste

Audit Data

Step 5 in the process is to convert your raw sample data into useful informationby analyzing the data.

You can determine your waste compositionand annual waste generation rate, and identify opportunities for source reduction, reuse, and recycling of the various materials in your waste stream.

The electronic spreadsheets provided with this CD have columns for gross weight, tare weight, and net weight of each materialclass.

Remember to record the tare weight, which is the weight the of the container that you use to weigh each material class. It must be subtracted from the gross weight of each sample. The electronic spreadsheet willperform these basic calculations automatically.

(column titles highlighted as they are mentioned)

• total net weight = sum of net weights of each separate material category

The electronic spreadsheet also automatically determines the total net weight of all materials in your sample, by adding together the net weights of each separate material category that you enter.

You will have to perform these calculationsmanually if you are using printed forms.

Calculate per cent composition for each class = net weight of class / total net weight of sample

The per cent composition of each materialis calculated by dividing the net weight ofeach material by the total net weight of all materials in the sample.

Annualize data

Since you know the amount of time it took to collect your waste sample, you can easily calculate the amount of waste that would be produced over a full year.

This is known as annualizing the data. Itprovides useful information as to where reduction, reuse and recycling initiatives should be focused.

Again, the electronic spreadsheet will do this automatically once you provide information about the time period over whichyour sample was taken.

Analysis of waste audit data can identify: how much waste is being produced what kinds of waste are produced where waste is generated why waste is being produced

Analysis of the waste audit data you collect can identify:

- how much waste is produced in each area, and in the entire facility;

- what materials are being wasted;

- specific areas where wastage is occurring;

- why waste is being produced (e.g., production inefficiencies)

This information can be reported in your waste audit report.

Step 6:Preparing a Waste

Audit Report

Step 6 of the waste audit process is toprepare a waste audit report.

ABC

Company

Waste

Audit

Waste audit report contains data on: how much waste is

being produced what kinds of waste

are produced where waste is

generated why waste is being

produced

Of course, your waste audit report willcontain the data you collected on:

- how much waste is produced in each area, and in the entire facility;

- what materials are being wasted;

- specific areas where wastage is occurring;

- why waste is being produced (e.g., production inefficiencies)

ABC

Company

Waste

Audit

Waste audit report identifies opportunities to: reduce reuse recycle reduce or eliminate

toxic substances save money

Evaluate overall effectiveness of your

waste management program Provides benchmarks for monitoring

Based on the information you collect, yourcompleted waste audit report will also identify opportunities to:- reduce, reuse, or recycle materials;- reduce or eliminate toxic substances;- save money and resources.

Your analysis will allow you to assess the overall effectiveness of your waste management program.

It will also provide you with benchmarksagainst which you can monitor and measure any improvements you make in your facility over time.

ABC

Company

Waste

Audit

The final waste audit report can take many different forms, depending upon the objectives of the audit and the degree of detail desired.

Format for a Waste Audit Report

1.0 Introduction - 1.1 Facility background1.2 Known waste generation data1.3 Waste audit objectives

2.0 Current Waste Management Systems3.0 Waste Audit Methodology used4.0 Results: data on waste generation5.0 Analysis of Waste Audit Data6.0 Discussion7.0 Recommendations / Waste Reduction Workplan8.0 Conclusions

A general format for waste audit reports isas follows:

1.0 Introduction - 1.1 Facility background1.2 Known waste generation data1.3 Waste audit objectives

2.0 Current waste management systems3.0 Waste audit methodology used4.0 Results: Data on waste generation5.0 Analysis of waste audit data6.0 Discussion7.0 Recommendations/ Waste Reduction Workplan8.0 Conclusions

ISO

14000

Audit

Criteria

Certain objectives, such as ISO 14000certification, might require specific waste audit reporting formats or approaches.You should familiarize yourself with these before you even begin to conduct the audit.

(ISO 14,000 reporting specifics????)

Step 7:Implementing your

findings

The most important part of a waste audit isto implement your findings. If you identifyopportunities to reduce, reuse, or recyclewaste materials, you can make a significantstep towards sustainability on all levels.

There is no simple rule about how to go from recommendations to action, because every facilityis different. This is where YOUR ingenuity, dedication, creativity and hard work will pay off.

But after you have performed a waste audit and understand the waste generation profile of your facility, you will be in the best position to make intelligent choices about improving performance.

( music/montage of images showing reduction, re-use, recycling activities, people using exchange, etc.)

ABC

Company

Waste

AuditIdeal Goal:

Eliminatewaste

The ideal goal of any waste audit is to completely eliminate waste. In practice, this goal is seldom reached. But you can certainly go a long way towards reducingwaste and toxins, saving materials, and saving money.

Even when reduction, reuse, and recycling opportunities are explored to the fullest within your facility, there are sometimesstill waste materials left over.

How can you let others who might have a usefor your waste materials know that they are available?

Waste Audit: From data to information

Advertising potentially useful items on a materials exchange can allow others to use your waste as a raw material.

One way is to advertise these materials or items on a materials exchange. A materials exchange is a database which lists the typeand quantities of solid wastes and surplus items which are available to interested users.

(CIET materials exchange logo)

Link to ‘Wastes on the Web’(Canada / Thailand)

The CIET Materials Exchange is Thailand’s first online materials exchange, linking waste generators and potential users together in cyberspace.

Visit the CIET materials exchange by clicking on the CIET logo. Learn more about how the exchange operates by following the link on this page. You may return and continue with this presentation at any time.

Waste Audit Case Study:Ship Repair Company

Company had a detailed waste audit done by students from Niagara College in Canada.

Results of audit identified many items that could be advertised in a materials exchange program.

Let’s have a look at one simple case studyof how a waste audit can pay for itself andeven generate profits.

A ship repair company in Canada had a detailed waste audit done by a group of students from the Evnrionmental ManagementProgram at Niagara College, as a training exercise. The results of this audit identified many items which could be advertised in a materials exchange program.

Waste Audit Case Study:Ship Repair Company

Ship repair company would remove Teflon lining from the interior of ships and replace it .

Old Teflon sheets were then disposed of in local landfills, at a cost to the company.

One such material was large Teflon sheets which were used to line the holds of cargoships, to allow bulk commodities to move easily within the ship during loading and unloading.

During routine maintenance, the ship repaircompany would remove the used sheets and replace them. The old sheets were disposed of as solid waste at a local landfill, at acost to the company.

Waste Audit Case Study:Ship Repair Company

Teflon sheets constituted approximately 61.3% of the company’s total waste generation, accounting for 228 tonnes of waste annually.

Upon completion of waste audit, information regarding Teflon sheets was posted on a Waste Exchange.

Teflon sheets constituted approximately61.3% of the company’s total waste

generation, accounting for 228 tonnes of

waste annually.

Upon completion of waste audit, information

regarding Teflon sheets was posted on a

Materials Exchange.

Waste Audit Case Study:Ship Repair Company

Several other companies accessing the waste exchange were interested in using Teflon sheets as a raw material.

Several other companies accessing the waste exchange were interested in using Teflon sheets as a raw material.

Waste Audit Case Study:Ship Repair Company

As a result, the company identified an opportunity to reduce the amount of solid waste they sent to landfill, and saved almost CDN $12,000 (216,000 baht) per year

This opportunity was identified as a direct result of the waste audit that was completed on the facility!

As a result, the company identified an opportunity to reduce the amount of solid waste they sent to landfill, and saved almost CDN $12,000 (216,000 baht) per year.

This oppotunity came as a direct result of the waste audit which was performed on the facility!

Some other examples from Canada:

Quaker Oats (Peterborough) saved over $ 1 million since launching a waste reduction program in 1986. Annual savings of $600,000 through better material buying policies

Upper Canada Brewing (Toronto) reduced waste production by 99%through new composting , purchasing, and recycling programs

Many other examples can be found.

Quaker Oats (Peterborough) saved over $ 1 million after launching a waste reductionprogram in 1986. Annual savings of $600,000have been realized through better material buying policies.

Upper Canada Brewing (Toronto) reduced waste production by 99% through new composting, purchasing, and recycling programs.

Proctor & Gamble (Hamilton) sold 4,400 tonnes of chemicals and product that were recovered from the waste stream through a 3 Rs program in 1990

William Neilson Ltd. (Toronto) saved $200,000 per year through production line adjustments and specialized recycling programs resulting from a waste audit

Proctor & Gamble (Hamilton) sold 4,400

tonnes of chemicals and product that were

recovered from the waste stream through a

3 Rs program in 1990.

William Neilson Ltd. (Toronto) saved $200,000

per year through production line adjustments

and specialized recycling programs resulting

from a waste audit.

Waste audits and waste reduction plans pay off!

Reduced waste hauling fees Efficient material use Revenue from sales of recyclables Development of new expertise and

technologies Support for environmental industries

Clearly, waste audits and waste reduction programs pay off! Money and materials are saved as a result of: Reduced waste hauling fees More efficient materials use Revenue from sales of recyclables Development of new expertise and materials-efficient technologies

Waste auditing also provides much-needed support for environmental industries, helping to maintain a vital presence for change.

(CIET logo)

We hope that by following the instructionsprovided in this learning module, you willbe able to perform a waste audit in your own office, business, or industry. Youwill improve materials use, benefit the environment, and increase your bottom line.

Remember that assistance is available through the Centre for industrial and Environmental Training, Burapha University.

Good luck with your waste audit!