Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Bio 3411 Wednesday

September 16, 2009

• T. Woolsey

• 3802 North Building

• 362-3601

• woolseyt@medicine.wustl.edu

2Lecture VII. CNS PatterningSeptember 16, 2009

Reading

THE BRAIN ATLAS: p 10

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Selected References:

† Benito-Gutierrez, E., & Arendt, D. (2009). CNS evolution: new insight from the mud. Curr Biol, 19(15), R640-642.

Hamilton, W. J., Boyd, J. D., & Mossman, H. W. (1972). Hamilton, Boyd and Mossman's human embryology; prenatal development of form and function (4th ed.). Cambridge,: Heffer.†Hartenstein, V. (1993). Atlas of Drosophila Development.

Kandel, E. R., Schwartz, J. H., & Jessell, T. M. (2000). Principles of neural science (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division.

Chapter 52, pp 1019-1040.†Puelles, L. (2009). Forebrain Development: Prosomere Model. in: New Encyclopedia of Neuroscience. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Ranson, S. W., & Clark, S. L. (1959). The anatomy of the nervous system; its development and function (10th ed.). Philadelphia,: Saunders.––––––––––––––

† Posted on web site.

What the last Lecture was about

• General mechanisms for assembling neurons and groups of neurons 

• Diffusion vs Contact

• Attraction vs Repulsion 

• Examples of impacts of contact 

• Examples of impacts of diffusion

• Specification by growth factors

• The chemoaffinity hypothesis

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What this Lecture is about

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• The Initiation of the Central Nervous System 

• CNS Growth and Pattern Development

• Bug Brains

• Several Mechanisms for Directing the Show (scripts conserved)

• How did vertebrate and invertebrate patterns arise?

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Recap of Early Embryogenesis

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Ranson & Clark (1959)

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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From Tube to Brain

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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THE BRAIN ATLAS 3rded, p.10

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Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

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Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

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Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

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Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

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Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

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Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

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From Fly Egg to Fly Brain

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Hartenstein (1993)

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Hartenstein (1993)

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Hartenstein (1993)

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Hartenstein (1993)

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Segmentation and Signals

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

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Ancient Choice?

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Benito-Gutierrez & Arendt, (2009)

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Benito-Gutierrez & Arendt, (2009)

What this Lecture was about

September 16, 2009 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 35

• The Initiation of the Central Nervous System 

• CNS Growth and Pattern Development

• Bug Brains

• Several Mechanisms for Directing the Show (scripts conserved)

• How did vertebrate and invertebrate patterns arise?

Reflections

• Early events initiating the nervous system

• Beginning the sculpture – proliferation and death mechanisms

• Signals for functional and connectional specificity – contact, distance, for or against

• The pattern and organization emerges

• Generalizations made but questions unanswered

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Sequential Restrictions (Refinements) are the Bases for Development (and plasticity)

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pluripotent, stem cell

differentiated

genetic

environmental

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http://embryo.soad.umich.edu/

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Finis