Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 4304Edited by J. G. Carbonell and J. Siekmann

Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Abdul Sattar Byeong-Ho Kang (Eds.)

AI 2006: Advances inArtificial Intelligence

19thAustralian Joint Conference onArtificial IntelligenceHobart, Australia, December 4-8, 2006Proceedings

13

Series Editors

Jaime G. Carbonell, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USAJörg Siekmann, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany

Volume Editors

Abdul SattarGriffith University, Institute for Integrated and Intelligent SystemsParklands Drive, Southport, QLD, AustraliaE-mail: a.sattar@griffith.edu.au

Byeong-Ho KangUniversity of Tasmania, School of ComputingHobart Campus, Centenary Building, Hobart, TAS 7001, AustraliaE-mail: bhkang@utas.edu.au

Library of Congress Control Number: 2006936897

CR Subject Classification (1998): I.2, F.4.1, H.3, H.2.8, F.1

LNCS Sublibrary: SL 7 – Artificial Intelligence

ISSN 0302-9743ISBN-10 3-540-49787-0 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New YorkISBN-13 978-3-540-49787-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material isconcerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting,reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publicationor parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965,in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liableto prosecution under the German Copyright Law.

Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media

springer.com

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006Printed in Germany

Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, IndiaPrinted on acid-free paper SPIN: 11941439 06/3142 5 4 3 2 1 0

Preface

The Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence series is steered by the Australian Computer Society's (ACS) National Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems. It aims at stimulating research by promoting exchange and cross-fertilization of ideas among different branches of artificial intelligence. It also provides a common forum for researchers and practitioners in various fields of AI to exchange new ideas and share their experience.

This volume contains the proceedings of the 19th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AI 2006) held at Hobart, Australia. AI 2006 received a record number of submissions, a total of 689 submissions from 35 countries. From these, full papers 89 (13%), long papers (up to 12 pages) and 70 (10%) short papers (up to 7 pages) were accepted for presentation and included in this volume. All full papers were reviewed through two rounds of assessments by at least two independent re-viewers including Senior Program Committee members.

The papers in this volume give an indication of recent advances in artificial intel-ligence. The topics covered include Machine Learning, Robotics, AI Applications, Planning, Agents, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Cognition and User Interface, Vision and Image Processing, Information Retrieval and Search, AI in the Web, Knowledge Representation, Knowledge-Based Systems, and Neural Networks.

The technical program comprised two days of workshops, followed by paper sessions, keynote talks, and special sessions. The keynote speakers include Hiroshi Motoda, Rolf Pfeifer, Munindar P. Singh and Toby Walsh, who are internationally distinguished researchers. We thank them for preparing and presenting their talks. The abstracts of their talks are included in this volume.

The success of a conference depends on support and cooperation from many indi-viduals and organizations; AI 2006 was no exception. The Conference Committee gratefully acknowledges financial and in-kind support from the Asian Office of Aero-space Research and Development (USA), Australian Computer Society, Australian Defense Academy/University of New South Wales, Australian National University, Central Queensland University, In-tellinc (Australia), University of Canberra, Univer-sity of Tasmania, and Griffith University.

We would like to take this opportunity to thank the authors, Senior Program Com-mittee members, Program Committee members, reviewers, volunteer students and fellow members of the conference committee for their time and effort spent on mak-ing AI 2006 a successful and enjoyable conference. A special thanks goes to Yang-Sok Kim, who worked as a secretary of the conference for the Program Com-mittee and Web administrations. We also thank Tony Gray and Andrea Kingston and other computing staff members for local arrangements and technical support for the conference registrations.

VI Preface

Finally, we thank Springer and its Computer Science Editor Alfred Hofmann and Anna Kramer for their assistance in publishing these proceedings of AI 2006 as a volume in its Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence series.

Abdul Sattar Byeong Ho Kang

Organization

AI 2006 was hosted and organized by the University of Tasmania, Australia. The conference was held at the Wrest Point Hotel, Hobart, from December 4 to 8, 2006.

Conference Committee

Conference Co-chairs John Lloyd (Australian National University) Christopher Lueg (University of Tasmania)

Program Committee Co-chairs Abdul Sattar (Griffith University) Byeong Ho Kang (University of Tasmania)

Local Organizing Co-chairs Ray Williams (University of Tasmania) Mark Hepburn (University of Tasmania)

Workshop Chair Peter Vamplew (University of Ballarat)

Senior Program Committee

Paul Compton (University of New South Wales) Dan Corbett (Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), USA) John Debenham (University of Technology, Sydney) Aditya K. Ghose (University of Wollongong) Vladmir Estvill-Castro (Griffith University) Achim Hoffmann (University of New South Wales) Ray Jarvis (Monash University) John Lloyd (Australian National University) Hiroshi Motoda (Asian Office of Aerospace Research & Development, US

(AOARD), Japan) Dickson Lukose (DL Informatique) Mehmet Orgun (Macquarie University) Markus Stumptner (University of South Australia) Toby Walsh (National ICT Australia) Geoff West (Curtin University) Wayne Wobcke (University of New South Wales) Chengqi Zhang (University of Technology, Sydney)

VIII Organization

Program Committee

Hussein Abbass, Australia Anbulagan, Australia Douglas Aberdeen, Australia Tae-Chon Ahn, Korea David Albrecht, Australia Sansanee Auephanwiriyakul, Thailand James Bailey, Australia Mike Bain, Australia Nick Barnes, Australia Peter Baumgartner, Australia David Benn, Australia Mohammed Bennamoun, Australia David Billington, Australia Michael Blumenstein, Australia Adi Botea, Canada Mike Brooks, Australia Olivier Buffet, Australia Gulcin Buyukozkan, Turkey Mike Cameron-Jones, Australia Longbing Cao, Australia Lawrence Cavedon, Australia Qingfeng Chen, Australia Yi-Ping Phoebe Chen, Australia William Cheung, Hong Kong Sung-Bae Cho, Korea Vic Ciesielski, Australia Bob Colomb, Australia David Cornforth, Australia Khanh Hoa Dam, Australia Sandy Dance, Australia Richard Dazeley, Australia David DOWE, Australia Hongjian Fan, Australia Jesualdo Tomás Fernandez-Breis, Spain Robert Fitch, Australia Alfredo Gadaldon, Australia Xiaoying Gao, New Zealand Raj Gopalan, Australia Guido Governatori, Australia Alban Grastien, Australia Jong-Eun Ha, Korea Jacky Hartnett, Australia Ray Hashemi, USA

Patrik Haslum, Australia Tim Hendtlass, Australia Mark Hepburn, Australia Nicole Herbert, Australia He Huang, China Xiaodi Huang, Australia Heath James, New Zealand Andrew Jennings, Australia Huidong Jin, Australia Zhi Jin, China Sung-Hae Jun, Korea Waleed Kaduos, Australia Byeong Ho Kang, Australia Seung-Shik Kang, Korea Masayoshi Kanoh, Japan Andrei Kelarev, Australia Graham Kendall, UK Paul Kennedy, Australia ByungJoo Kim, Korea Mihye Kim, Korea Taek-Hun Kim, Korea Irwin King, Hong Kong Kevin Korb, Australia Lara Kornienko, Australia Ryszard Kowalczyk, Australia Bor-Chen Kuo, Taiwan Mu-Hsing Kuo, Taiwan Mihai Lazarescu, Australia Chris Leckie, Australia Chang-Hwan Lee, Korea Jungbae Lee, Korea Kyung Ho Lee, Korea Kang Hyuk Lee, Korea Ian Lewis, Australia Jiaming Li, Australia Li Li, Australia Wei Li, Australia Xiaodong Li, Australia Chunsheng Li, China Yuefeng Li, Australia Gang Li, Australia Li Lin, Australia Wolfram-M Lippe, Germany

Organization IX

Wei Liu, Australia Jingli Lu, New Zealand Xudong Luo, UK Michael Maher, Australia Ashesh Mahidadia, Australia Frederic Maire, Australia Vishv Malhotra, Australia Graham Mann, Australia Eric Martin, Australia Rodrigo Martínez-Béjar, Spain Barry McCollum, UK Thomas Meyer, Australia Kyoungho Min, New Zealand Azah Mohamed, Malaysia Sanjeev Naguleswaran, Australia David Newth, Australia Minh Le Nguyen, Japan Ann Nicholson, Australia Kozo Ohara, Japan Robert Ollington, Australia Kok-Leong Ong, Australia Maurice Pagnucco, Australia Adrian Pearce, Australia Sanja Petrovic, UK Tuan Pham, Australia Zhenxing Qin, Australia Marcus Randall, Australia Jochen Renz, Australia Debbie Richards, Australia Jussi Rintanen, Australia Daniel Rolf, Australia Bernard Rolfe, Australia Malcolm Ryan, Australia Seiichiro Sakurai, Japan Arthur Sale, Australia Claude Sammut, Australia Conrad Sanderson, Australia Ruhul Sarker, Australia Abdul Sattar, Australia Rolf Schwitter, Australia Zhiping Shi, China Simeon J. Simoff, Australia Andrew Slater, Australia Liz Sonenberg, Australia Andy Song, Australia

Marcilio Carlos Pereira de Souto, Brazil David Squire, Australia Andrew Stranieri, Australia Kaile Su, Australia Ramasubramanian Sundararajan, India John Thangarajah, Australia John Thornton, Australia Shusaku Tsumoto, Japan Rafael Valencia-García, Spain Peter Vamplew, Australia Hans van Ditmarsch, New Zealand David Vengerov, USA Brijesh Verma, Australia Bao Vo, Australia Vilem Vychodil, Czech Republic Kewen Wang, Australia Jiaqi Wang, Australia Dianhui Wang, Australia Chao Wang, Australia Lipo Wang, Singapore Mary-Anne Williams, Australia Ray Williams, Australia Bill Wilson, Australia Michael Winikoff, Australia Michal Wozniak, Poland Fengjie Wu, Australia Shuxiang Xu, Australia Zhuoming Xu, China Takahira Yamagucti, Japan Ying Yang, Australia Jianhua Yang, Australia John Yearwood, Australia Kenichi Yoshida, Japan Dingrong Yuan, China Debbie Zhang, Australia Minjie Zhang, Australia Zili Zhang, Australia Mengjie Zhang, New Zealand Yan Zhang, Australia Jilian Zhang, China Weicun Zhang, China Guangquan Zhang, Australia Shichao Zhang, Australia Yanchang Zhao, Australia Tatjana Zrimec, Australia

X Organization

Additional Reviewers

Abramov, Vyacheslav Achuthan, N. R. Adbun, Mahnood Albrecht, David Allison, Lloyd Atul, Sajjanhar Bae, Eric Bai, Quan Banerjee, Arun Barakat, Nahla Becket, Ralph Berg, George Bindoff, Ivan Blair, Alan Booth, Richard Botea, Adi Brzostowski, Jakub Cassidy, Steve Chan, Jeffrey Chen, Feng Chen, Jie Chen, Qingliang Chen, Wanli Chojnacki, Wojciech Chomnphuwiset, Phattanaphong Clarke, Bertrand Cregan, Anne De Voir, John Elfeky, Ehab Fogelman, Shoshana Geng, Xin Gomes, Eduardo Green, Steve Guo, Ying Harland, James Hasan, Kamrul Haslum, Patrik He, Hongxing He, Minghua Hebden, Peter Hengel, Anton van den Hernandez Orallo, Jose Hong, Jin-Hyuk Huang, Henry Huang, Jianye

Huda, Shamsul Hwang, Keum-Sung Jeff , Riley Jianye, Huang Jingyu , Hou Johnson, David Johnston, Benjamin Joselito, Chua Kaufhold, John Keeratipranon, Narongdech Kilby, Philip Kim, Kyung-Joong Kim, Yang Sok Kirley, Michael Kulkarni, Sidhivinayak Kwok, Rex Bing Hung Lamont, Owen Law, Terence Li, Wenyuan Li, Jiaming Li, Jifang Li, Qing Li, Ron Li, Zeng Lin, Han Lin, Weiqiang Loewenich, Frank Luo, Suhuai Luo, Xiangyu Ma, Jun Mahmood, Adbun Marom, Yuval Mayer, Wolfgang McCarthy, Chris Mian, Ajmal S. Milton, John Mingxuan , Huang Mitchell-Wong, Juliana Moratori, Patrick Muecke , Nial Mueller, Ingo Muthukkumarasamy, Vallipuram Ng, Kee Siong Nguyen, Xuan Thang Oboshi, Tamon

Organization XI

Ofoghi, Bahadorreza Overett, Gary Pan, Jeff Z. Park, Laurence Peng, Tao Petersson, Lars Polpinij, Jantima Pullan, Wayne Qi, Guilin Qiao, Rong-Yu Qingyong, Li Qiu, Bin Rahman, Masudur Rajaratnam, David Rasmussen, Rune Rifeng, Wang Rintanen, Jussi Roos, Teemu Sabu, John Scanlan, Joel Schlegel, Tino Shaw, David Shen, Weicheng Shui, Yu Simon, Moncreiff Singh, Kalvinder Song, Xueyan Stuckey, Peter Sucahyo, Yudho Giri Sulan, Zhang Suter, David Sutharshan, Rajasegarar Tahaghoghi, Saied Tan, Tele Tele, Tan Thormaehlen, Thorsten

Tischer, Peter Tu, Yiqing Ubaudi, Franco Ullah, Barkat Uren, Philip Ursani, Ziauddin Uther, Will Wang, Mei Werner, Felix Wong, Angela Wu, Boris Wu, Henry Xiaofeng, Zhu Xiurong, Zhao Yang, Fengzhao Yang, Howard Hua Yang, Hui Yang, Xiaowei Yanping, Guo Yi, Guo Yu, Donggang Yue, Weiya Yuk-Hei , Lam Yuval , Marom Zelniker, Emanuel Zeman, Astrid Zhang, Jian Feng Zhang, Jian Ying Zhang, Lin Zheng, Zheng Zhenghao, Shi Zhiwei, Shi Zhou, Chenfeng Zhuang, Ling Zrimec, Tatjana

Table of Contents

Invited Talks

What Can We Do with Graph-Structured Data? – A Data MiningPerspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Hiroshi Motoda

Morphological Computation – Connecting Brain, Body,and Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Rolf Pfeifer

Interaction-Oriented Programming: Concepts, Theories, and Resultson Commitment Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Munindar P. Singh

Symmetry Breaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Toby Walsh

PART I: Regular Papers

Foundations and Knowledge Based System

Heyting Domains for Constraint Abduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Michael Maher

Feedback in Multimodal Self-organizing Networks Enhances Perceptionof Corrupted Stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Andrew P. Paplinski, Lennart Gustafsson

Identification of Fuzzy Relation Model Using HFC-Based ParallelGenetic Algorithms and Information Data Granulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Jeoung-Nae Choi, Sung-Kwun Oh, Hyun-Ki Kim

Evaluation of Incremental Knowledge Acquisition with SimulatedExperts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Paul Compton, Tri M. Cao

Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

Finite Domain Bounds Consistency Revisited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49C.W. Choi, W. Harvey, J.H.M. Lee, P.J. Stuckey

XIV Table of Contents

Speeding Up Weighted Constraint Satisfaction Using RedundantModeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Y.C. Law, J.H.M. Lee, M.H.C. Woo

Verification of Multi-agent Systems Via Bounded Model Checking . . . . . . 69Xiangyu Luo, Kaile Su, Abdul Sattar, Mark Reynolds

Logical Properties of Belief-Revision-Based Bargaining Solution . . . . . . . . 79Dongmo Zhang, Yan Zhang

Knowledge Compilation for Belief Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Maurice Pagnucco

Design Methodologies of Fuzzy Set-Based Fuzzy Model Based on GAsand Information Granulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Sung-Kwun Oh, Keon-Jun Park, Witold Pedrycz

ALE Defeasible Description Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Pakornpong Pothipruk, Guido Governatori

Representation and Reasoning for Recursive Probability Models . . . . . . . 120Catherine Howard, Markus Stumptner

Forgetting and Knowledge Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Abhaya Nayak, Yin Chen, Fangzhen Lin

Machine Learning

Enhanced Temporal Difference Learning Using Compiled EligibilityTraces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Peter Vamplew, Robert Ollington, Mark Hepburn

A Simple Artificial Immune System (SAIS) for Generating ClassifierSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Kevin Leung, France Cheong

Selection for Feature Gene Subset in Microarray Expression ProfilesBased on an Improved Genetic Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Chen Zhang, Yanchun Liang, Wei Xiong, Hongwei Ge

An Efficient Alternative to SVM Based Recursive FeatureElimination with Applications in Natural Language Processingand Bioinformatics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Justin Bedo, Conrad Sanderson, Adam Kowalczyk

Table of Contents XV

Efficient AUC Learning Curve Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181Remco R. Bouckaert

Learning Hybrid Bayesian Networks by MML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192Rodney T. O’Donnell, Lloyd Allison, Kevin B. Korb

A Novel Nearest Neighbor Classifier Based on Adaptive NonparametricSeparability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Bor-Chen Kuo, Hsin-Hua Ho, Cheng-Hsuan Li, Ya-Yuan Chang

Virtual Attribute Subsetting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214Michael Horton, Mike Cameron-Jones, Ray Williams

Parallel Chaos Immune Evolutionary Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224Bo Cheng, Zhenyu Guo, Zhifeng Bai, Binggang Cao

Classification of Lung Disease Pattern Using Seeded Region Growing . . . 233James S.J. Wong, Tatjana Zrimec

Voting Massive Collections of Bayesian Network Classifiers for DataStreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Remco R. Bouckaert

Feature Weighted Minimum Distance Classifier with Multi-classConfidence Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

Mamatha Rudrapatna, Arcot Sowmya

z-SVM: An SVM for Improved Classification of Imbalanced Data . . . . . . 264Tasadduq Imam, Kai Ming Ting, Joarder Kamruzzaman

Connectionist AI

GP for Object Classification: Brood Size in Brood RecombinationCrossover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Mengjie Zhang, Xiaoying Gao, Weijun Lou

IPSOM: A Self-organizing Map Spatial Model of How HumansComplete Interlocking Puzzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Spyridon Revithis, William H. Wilson, Nadine Marcus

Data Mining

Mining Generalised Emerging Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295Xiaoyuan Qian, James Bailey, Christopher Leckie

XVI Table of Contents

Using Attack-Specific Feature Subsets for Network IntrusionDetection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305

Sung Woo Shin, Chi Hoon Lee

Time Series Analysis Using Fractal Theory and Online EnsembleClassifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Dalton Lunga, Tshilidzi Marwala

MML Mixture Models of Heterogeneous Poisson Processes withUniform Outliers for Bridge Deterioration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

T. Maheswaran, J.G. Sanjayan, David L. Dowe, Peter J. Tan

Extracting Structural Features Among Words from Document DataStreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332

Kumiko Ishida, Tomoyuki Uchida, Kayo Kawamoto

Clustering Similarity Comparison Using Density Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342Eric Bae, James Bailey, Guozhu Dong

Efficient Mining of Frequent Itemsets in Distorted Databases . . . . . . . . . . 352Jinlong Wang, Congfu Xu

Improved Support Vector Machine Generalization Using NormalizedInput Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

Shawkat Ali, Kate A. Smith-Miles

An Efficient Similarity Measure for Clustering of CategoricalSequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372

Sang-Kyun Noh, Yong-Min Kim, DongKook Kim, Bong-Nam Noh

SDI: Shape Distribution Indicator and Its Application to FindInterrelationships Between Physical Activity Tests and Other MedicalMeasures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

Ashkan Sami, Ryoichi Nagatomi, Makoto Takahashi,Takeshi Tokuyama

Intelligent Agents

A Flexible Framework for SharedPlans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393Minh Hoai Nguyen, Wayne Wobcke

An Analysis of Three Puzzles in the Logic of Intention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403Wayne Wobcke

Table of Contents XVII

Building Intelligent Negotiating Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413John Debenham, Simeon Simoff

Towards Goals in Informed Agent Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423Paul Bogg

Cognition and User Interface

Application of OWA Based Classifier Fusion in Diagnosisand Treatment offering for Female Urinary Incontinence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

Behzad Moshiri, Parisa Memar Moshrefi, Maryam Emami,Majid Kazemian

Automatic Generation of Funny Cartoons Diary for Everyday MobileLife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443

Injee Song, Myung-Chul Jung, Sung-Bae Cho

Welfare Interface Using Multiple Facial Features Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453Yunhee Shin, Eun Yi Kim

Towards an Efficient Implementation of a Video-Based GestureInterface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463

Jong-Seung Park, Jong-Hyun Yoon, Chungkyue Kim

Vision and Image Processing

Turkish Fingerspelling Recognition System Using Axis of Least InertiaBased Fast Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473

Oguz Altun, Songul Albayrak, Ali Ekinci, Behzat Bukun

Vehicle Tracking and Traffic Parameter Extraction Based on DiscreteWavelet Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482

Jun Kong, Huijie Xin, Yinghua Lu, Bingbing Li, Yanwen Li

Neural Net Based Division of an Image Blob of People into Partsof Constituting Individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491

Yongtae Do

Applying Learning Vector Quantization Neural Network for FingerprintMatching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500

Ju Cheng Yang, Sook Yoon, Dong Sun Park

Moving Object Detecting Using Gradient Information,Three-Frame-Differencing and Connectivity Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

Shuguang Zhao, Jun Zhao, Yuan Wang, Xinlin Fu

XVIII Table of Contents

3D Morphable Model Parameter Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519Nathan Faggian, Andrew P. Paplinski, Jamie Sherrah

Reconstructing Illumination Environment by Omnidirectional CameraCalibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529

Yong-Ho Hwang, Hyun-Ki Hong

Color Region Tracking Against Brightness Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536Mun-Ho Jeong, Bum-Jae You, Wang-Heon Lee

Natural Language Processing and Web Intelligence

A Comparative Study of Information-Gathering Approachesfor Answering Help-Desk Email Inquiries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546

Ingrid Zukerman, Yuval Marom

A Language Independent n-Gram Model for Word Segmentation . . . . . . . 557Seung-Shik Kang, Kyu-Baek Hwang

TreeWrapper: Automatic Data Extraction Based on TreeRepresentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566

Xiaoying Gao, Mengjie Zhang, Minh Duc Cao

Incorporating Pageview Weight into an Association-Rule-Based WebRecommendation System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577

Liang Yan, Chunping Li

Neural Networks

Neural Networks Fusion to Overlay Control System for LithographyProcess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587

Jihyun Kim, Sanghyeok Seo, Sung-Shick Kim

Polynomial Pipelined Neural Network and Its Application to FinancialTime Series Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597

Abir Jaafar Hussain, Adam Knowles, Paulo Lisboa, Wael El-Deredy,Dhiya Al-Jumeily

Using Neural Networks to Tune the Fluctuation of Daily FinancialCondition Indicator for Financial Crisis Forecasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607

Kyong Joo Oh, Tae Yoon Kim, Chiho Kim, Suk Jun Lee

Predicting Stock Market Time Series Using Evolutionary ArtificialNeural Networks with Hurst Exponent Input Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617

Somesh Selvaratnam, Michael Kirley

Table of Contents XIX

Search and Planning

BDDRPA*: An Efficient BDD-Based Incremental Heuristic SearchAlgorithm for Replanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627

Weiya Yue, Yanyan Xu, Kaile Su

A Move Generating Algorithm for Hex Solvers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637Rune Rasmussen, Frederic Maire, Ross Hayward

A Genetic Algorithm for Integration of Process Planningand Scheduling in a Job Shop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647

Byung Joo Park, Hyung Rim Choi

A Robust Shape Retrieval Method Based on Hough-Radii . . . . . . . . . . . . . 658Xu Yang, Xin Yang

Robotics

Intelligent Control of Mobile Agent Based on Fuzzy Neural Networkin Intelligent Robotic Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668

TaeSeok Jin, HongChul Kim, JangMyung Lee

Neuromuscular-Like Control for an Artificial Finger with SMAActuators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678

Francisco Garcıa-Cordova, Juan Ignacio Mulero-Martınez

Studies on Motion Control of a Modular Robot Using CellularAutomata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689

Sunil Pranit Lal, Koji Yamada, Satoshi Endo

AI Applications

A Novel Evolutionary Algorithm for Multi-constrained PathSelection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699

Xiaogang Qi, Lifang Liu, Sanyang Liu

ODE: A Fast and Robust Differential Evolution Based on OrthogonalDesign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709

Wenyin Gong, Zhihua Cai, Charles X. Ling

Cancer Classification by Kernel Principal Component Self-regression . . . 719Bai-ling Zhang

XX Table of Contents

Content-Based Classification of Images Using Centroid Neural Networkwith Divergence Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729

Dong-Chul Park, Chung Nguyen Tran, Yunsik Lee

Solving a Constraint Satisfaction Problem for Frequency Assignmentin Low Power FM Broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739

Surgwon Sohn, Geun-Sik Jo

An Intelligent Mobile Learning System for On-the-Job Training ofLuxury Brand Firms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749

Chien-Chang Hsu, Yao-Wen Tang

Studying the Performance of Unified Particle Swarm Optimizationon the Single Machine Total Weighted Tardiness Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760

Konstantinos E. Parsopoulos, Michael N. Vrahatis

Classification of Bio-data with Small Data Set Using Additive FactorModel and SVM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 770

Hyeyoung Park, Minkook Cho

Study of Dynamic Decoupling Method for Multi-axis Sensor Basedon Niche Genetic Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780

Mingli Ding, Dongxue Dai, Qi Wang

User Action Based Adaptive Learning with Weighted BayesianClassification for Filtering Spam Mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790

Hyun-Jun Kim, Jenu Shrestha, Heung-Nam Kim, Geun-Sik Jo

A Novel Clonal Selection Algorithm for Face Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799Wenping Ma, Ronghua Shang, Licheng Jiao

Hardware Implementation of Temporal Nonmonotonic Logics . . . . . . . . . . 808Insu Song, Guido Governatori

Improvement of HSOFPNN Using Evolutionary Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . 818Ho-Sung Park, Sung-Kwun Oh, Tae-Chon Ahn

Data Clustering and Visualization Using Cellular Automata Ants . . . . . . 826Andrew Vande Moere, Justin J. Clayden, Andy Dong

A Neuro-fuzzy Inference System for the Evaluation of New ProductDevelopment Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837

Orhan Feyzioglu, Gulcin Buyukozkan

Table of Contents XXI

Extracting Minimum Unsatisfiable Cores with a Greedy GeneticAlgorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847

Jianmin Zhang, Sikun Li, Shengyu Shen

A Partitioned Portfolio Insurance Strategy by Relational GeneticAlgorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857

Jiah-Shing Chen, Yao-Tang Lin

A Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for 2D FCC Hydrophobic-HydrophilicLattice Model to Predict Protein Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 867

Md Tamjidul Hoque, Madhu Chetty, Laurence S. Dooley

Locality Preserving Projection on Source Code Metrics for ImprovedSoftware Maintainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877

Xin Jin, Yi Liu, Jie Ren, Anbang Xu, Rongfang Bie

Ensemble Prediction of Commercial Bank Failure ThroughDiversification of Input Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887

Sung Woo Shin, Kun Chang Lee, Suleyman Bilgin Kilic

PART II: Regular Papers (5–7 Pages)

LRCA: Enhanced Energy-Aware Routing Protocol in MANETs . . . . . . . . 897Kwan-Woong Kim, Jeong-Soo Lee, Kyoung-Jun Hwang,Yong-Kab Kim, Mike M.O. Lee, Kyung-Taek Chung,Byoung-Sil Chon

Enabling Agent Oriented Programming Using CORBA-Based ObjectInterconnection Technology for Ubiquitous Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902

Hyongeun Choi, Tae-Hyung Kim

An Improved E-Learner Communities Self-organizing Algorithm Basedon Hebbian Learning Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907

LingNing Li, Peng Han, Fan Yang

An Expert System for Recovering Broken Relics Using3-D Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912

Ho Seok Moon, Myoungho Oh

Permutation Flow-Shop Scheduling Based on Multiagent EvolutionaryAlgorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 917

Kang Hu, Jinshu Li, Jing Liu, Licheng Jiao

A Novel Mobile Epilepsy Warning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 922Ahmet Alkan, Yasar Guneri Sahin, Bekir Karlik

XXII Table of Contents

Modular Bayesian Networks for Inferring Landmarks on Mobile DailyLife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929

Keum-Sung Hwang, Sung-Bae Cho

A Bi-level Genetic Algorithm for Multi-objective Schedulingof Multi- and Mixed-Model Apparel Assembly Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934

Z.X. Guo, W.K. Wong, S.Y.S. Leung, J.T. Fan, S.F. Chan

Membership Functions for Spatial Proximity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942Jane Brennan, Eric Martin

Engineering Evolutionary Algorithm to Solve Multi-objective OSPFWeight Setting Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950

Sadiq M. Sait, Mohammed H. Sqalli, Mohammed Aijaz Mohiuddin

Intelligent Face Recognition: Local Versus Global Pattern Averaging . . . 956Adnan Khashman

Economic Optimisation of an Ore Processing Plant with a ConstrainedMulti-objective Evolutionary Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962

Simon Huband, Lyndon While, David Tuppurainen, Philip Hingston,Luigi Barone, Ted Bearman

White and Color Noise Cancellation of Speech Signal by AdaptiveFiltering and Soft Computing Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 970

Ersoy Kelebekler, Melih Inal

A Study on Time-of-Day Patterns for Internet User Using RecursivePartitioning Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 976

Seong-Keon Lee, Seohoon Jin, Hyun-Cheol Kang, Sang-Tae Han

Development of Data Miner for the Ship Design Based on PolynomialGenetic Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 981

Kyung Ho Lee, June Oh, Jong Hoon Park

Detecting Giant Solar Flares Based on Sunspot Parameters UsingBayesian Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 986

Tatiana Raffaelli, Adriana V.R. Silva, Maurıcio Marengoni

The Virtual Reality Brain-Computer Interface System for UbiquitousHome Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 992

Hyun-sang Cho, Jayoung Goo, Dongjun Suh, Kyoung Shin Park,Minsoo Hahn

Table of Contents XXIII

Verb Prediction and the Use of Particles for Generating Sentencesin AAC System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997

Eunsil Lee, Dohyun Nam, Youngseo Kim, Taisung Hur, Yoseob Woo,Hongki Min

Abnormal Behavior Detection for Early Warning of Terrorist Attack . . . . 1002Xin Geng, Gang Li, Yangdong Ye, Yiqing Tu, Honghua Dai

A Two-Stage Region-Based Image Retrieval Approach Using CombinedColor and Texture Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1010

Yinghua Lu, Qiushi Zhao, Jun Kong, Changhua Tang, Yanwen Li

Beyond Accuracy, F-Score and ROC: A Family of DiscriminantMeasures for Performance Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1015

Marina Sokolova, Nathalie Japkowicz, Stan Szpakowicz

Hybrid O(n√

n) Clustering for Sequential Web Usage Mining . . . . . . . . . . 1022Jianhua Yang, Ickjai Lee

Clustering Algorithms for ITS Sequence Data with AlignmentMetrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1027

Andrei Kelarev, Byeong Kang, Dorothy Steane

A Pruning Technique to Discover Correlated Sequential Patternsin Retail Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1032

Unil Yun

Clustering Categorical Data Using Qualified Nearest NeighborsSelection Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1037

Yang Jin, Wanli Zuo

Product Recommendations for Cross-Selling in Electronic Business . . . . . 1042Bharat Bhasker, Ho-Hyun Park, Jaehwa Park, Hyong-Soon Kim

Enhancing DWT for Recent-Biased Dimension Reduction of TimeSeries Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1048

Yanchang Zhao, Chengqi Zhang, Shichao Zhang

Mining Large Patterns with Profit-Based Support in e-Commerce . . . . . . 1054Jin-Guk Jung, Supratip Ghose, Geun-Sik Jo

DynamicWEB: Profile Correlation Using COBWEB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1059Joel Scanlan, Jacky Hartnett, Ray Williams

Finding Robust Models Using a Stratified Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1064Rohan A. Baxter

XXIV Table of Contents

Clustering Transactional Data Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1069Yanrong Li, Raj P. Gopalan

Axiomatic Approach of Knowledge Granulation in InformationSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1074

Jiye Liang, Yuhua Qian

Spreading Design Patterns with Semantic Web Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . 1079Susana Montero, Paloma Dıaz, Ignacio Aedo, Laura Montells

Detecting Anomalies and Intruders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1084Akara Prayote, Paul Compton

User Behavior Analysis of the Open-Ended Document ClassificationSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1089

Yang Sok Kim, Byeong Ho Kang, Young Ju Choi, SungSik Park,Gil Cheol Park, Seok Soo Kim

An Agent-Based Ontological Approach for InformationReorganisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1096

Li Li, Yun Yang

LPForget: A System of Forgetting in Answer Set Programming . . . . . . . . . 1101Fu-Leung Cheng, Thomas Eiter, Nathan Robinson, Abdul Sattar,Kewen Wang

Formalization of Ontological Relations of Korean Numeral Classifiers . . . 1106Youngim Jung, Soonhee Hwang, Aesun Yoon, Hyuk-Chul Kwon

Adaptive ALE-TBox for Extending Terminological Knowledge . . . . . . . . . 1111Ekaterina Ovchinnikova, Kai-Uwe Kuhnberger

Preference Reasoning in Advanced Question Answering Systems . . . . . . . 1116Farah Benamara, Souhila Kaci

Clustering Data Manipulation Method for Ensembles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1122Matthew Spencer, John McCullagh, Tim Whitfort

Improving the Performance of Multi-objective Genetic Algorithmfor Function Approximation Through Parallel Islands Specialisation . . . . 1127

A. Guillen, I. Rojas, J. Gonzalez, H. Pomares, L.J. Herrera,B. Paechter

Generalized Unified Decomposition of Ensemble Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1133Remco R. Bouckaert, Michael Goebel, Pat Riddle

Table of Contents XXV

Feature Selection with RVM and Its Application to PredictionModeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1140

Dingfang Li, Wenchao Hu

Hybrid Data Clustering Based on Dependency Structure and GibbsSampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1145

Shuang-Cheng Wang, Xiao-Lin Li, Hai-Yan Tang

Linear Methods for Reduction from Ranking to MultilabelClassification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1152

Mikhail Petrovskiy, Valentina Glazkova

Wavelet Kernel Matching Pursuit Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1157Qing Li, Licheng Jiao, Shuiping Gou

Causal Discovery with Prior Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1162R.T. O’Donnell, A.E. Nicholson, B. Han, K.B. Korb, M.J. Alam,L.R. Hope

Simulation of Human Motion for Learning and Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . 1168Gang Zheng, Wanqing Li, Philip Ogunbona, Liju Dong,Igor Kharitonenko

Lazy Learning for Improving Ranking of Decision Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1173Han Liang, Yuhong Yan

Kernel Laplacian Eigenmaps for Visualization of Non-vectorial Data . . . . 1179Yi Guo, Junbin Gao, Paul W.H. Kwan

An Evolutionary Approach for Clustering User Access Patterns fromWeb Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1184

Rui Wu

Simplified Support Vector Machines Via Kernel-Based Clustering . . . . . . 1189Zhi-Qiang Zeng, Ji Gao, Hang Guo

Protein Folding Prediction Using an Improved Genetic-AnnealingAlgorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1196

Xiaolong Zhang, Xiaoli Lin

Evolution of Characteristic Tree Structured Patterns fromSemistructured Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1201

Katsushi Inata, Tetsuhiro Miyahara, Hiroaki Ueda,Kenichi Takahashi

XXVI Table of Contents

Unsupervised Measurement of Translation Quality Using Multi-engine,Bi-directional Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1208

Menno van Zaanen, Simon Zwarts

Probabilistic, Multi-staged Interpretation of Spoken Utterances . . . . . . . . 1215Ingrid Zukerman, Michael Niemann, Sarah George, Yuval Marom

New Hybrid Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1221Zhonglai Wang, Jingqi Xiong, Qiang Miao, Bo Yang, Dan Ling

Comparison of Numeral Strings Interpretation: Rule-Basedand Feature-Based N-Gram Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1226

Kyongho Min, William H. Wilson

Simulation Analysis on Effective Operation of Handling Equipmentsin Automated Container Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1231

Byung Joo Park, Hyung Rim Choi, Hae Kyoung Kwon,Moo Hong Kang

A Study of Factors Affecting Due Date Predictibility for On-TimeDelivery in a Dynamic Job Shop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1239

Serafettin Alpay, Nihat Yuzugullu

A New Learning Method for S-GCM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1246Hamed Rahimov, Mohammad-Reza Jahedmotlagh, Nasser Mozayani

Empirical Verification of a Strategy for Unbounded Resolution in FinitePlayer Goore Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1252

B. John Oommen, Ole-Christoffer Granmo, Asle Pedersen

Robust Character Recognition Using a Hierarchical BayesianNetwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1259

John Thornton, Torbjorn Gustafsson, Michael Blumenstein,Trevor Hine

On the New Application of Call Patterns to CPM Testing of PrologPrograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1265

Lingzhong Zhao, Tianlong Gu, Junyan Qian, Guoyong Cai

Correlation Error Reduction of Images in Stereo Vision with FuzzyMethod and Its Application on Cartesian Robot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1271

M. Ghayoumi, P. Porkar Rezayeyeh, M.H. Korayem

A Hybrid Question Answering Schema Using Encapsulated Semanticsin Lexical Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1276

Bahadorreza Ofoghi, John Yearwood, Ranadhir Ghosh

Table of Contents XXVII

Structure Detection System from Web Documents ThroughBackpropagation Network Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1281

Bok Keun Sun, Je Ryu, Kwang Rok Han

An Effective Recommendation Algorithm for Improving PredictionQuality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1288

Taek-Hun Kim, Sung-Bong Yang

Customer Online Shopping Behaviours Analysis Using BayesianNetworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1293

Zi Lu, Jie Lu, Chenggang Bai, Guangquan Zhang

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1299