lecture notes in applied and computational mechanics
TRANSCRIPT
www.springer.com/series/4623
Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Friedrich Pfeiffer Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Wriggers
Volume 55
Series Editors
For other titles published in this series, go to
Multiscale Methods inComputational Mechanics
Ekkehard RammRené de Borst •Editors
Progress and Accomplishments
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© Springer Science +Business Media B.V. 2011
Department of Mechanical Engineering
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mission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
René de BorstEditors
EindhovenThe Netherlands
Eindhoven University of Technology
Ekkehard Ramm
University of StuttgartInstitute of Structural Mechanics
StuttgartGermany
ISSN 1613-7736 e-ISSN 1860-0816ISBN 978-90-481-9808-5 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9809-2DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9809-2
Cover design: eStudio Calamar S.L.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2010935928
Table of Contents
Preface ix
List of Authors xi
Part 1: Computational Fluid Dynamics
Residual-Based Variational Multiscale Theory of LES Turbulence Modeling 3Y. Bazilevs, V.M. Calo, T.J.R. Hughes and G. Scovazzi
A Posteriori Error Estimation for Computational Fluid Dynamics.The Variational Multiscale Approach 19G. Hauke, M.H. Doweidar and D. Fuster
Advances in Variational Multiscale Methods for Turbulent Flows 39P. Gamnitzer, V. Gravemeier and W.A. Wall
Variational Germano Approach for Multiscale Formulations 53I. Akkerman, S.J. Hulshoff, K.G. van der Zee and R. de Borst
Dissipative Structure and Long Term Behavior of a Finite ElementApproximation of Incompressible Flows with Numerical Subgrid ScaleModeling 75R. Codina, J. Principe and S. Badia
Large-Eddy Simulation of Multiscale Particle Dynamics at High VolumeConcentration in Turbulent Channel Flow 95B.J. Geurts
Part 2: Materials with Microstructure
An Incremental Strategy for Modeling Laminate Microstructures in FinitePlasticity – Energy Reduction, Laminate Orientation and Cyclic Behavior 117K. Hackl and D.M. Kochmann
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The Micromorphic versus Phase Field Approach to Gradient Plasticity andDamage with Application to Cracking in Metal Single Crystals 135O. Aslan and S. Forest
Homogenization and Multiscaling of Granular Media for DifferentMicroscopic Constraints 155C. Miehe, J. Dettmar and D. Zäh
Effective Hydraulic and Mechanical Properties of Heterogeneous Mediawith Interfaces 179L. Dormieux, L. Jeannin and J. Sanahuja
An Extended Finite Element Method for the Analysis of Submicron HeatTransfer Phenomena 195P. Lee, R. Yang and K. Maute
Part 3: Composites, Laminates and Structures: Optimization
Multiscale Modeling and Simulation of Composite Materials andStructures 215J. Fish
Multiscale Modelling of the Failure Behavior of Fibre-ReinforcedLaminates 233M.V. Cid Alfaro, A.S.J. Suiker and R. de Borst
Improved Multiscale Computational Strategies for Delamination 261O. Allix, P. Gosselet and P. Kerfriden
Damage Propagation in Composites – Multiscale Modeling andOptimization 281E. Ramm, A. Erhart, T. Hettich, I. Bruss, F. Hilchenbach and J. Kato
Computational Multiscale Model for NATM Tunnels: Micromechanics-Supported Hybrid Analyses 305S. Scheiner, B. Pichler, C. Hellmich and H.A. Mang
Optimization of Corrugated Paperboard under Local and Global BucklingConstraints 329T. Flatscher, T. Daxner, D.H. Pahr and F.G. Rammerstorfer
Framework for Multi-Level Optimization of Complex Systems 347A. de Wit and F. van Keulen
Table of Contents vii
Part 4: Coupled Problems and Porous Media
Multiscale/Multiphysics Model for Concrete 381B.A. Schrefler, F. Pesavento and D. Gawin
Swelling Phenomena in Electro-Chemically Active Hydrated Porous Media 405W. Ehlers, B. Markert and A. Acartürk
Propagating Cracks in Saturated Ionized Porous Media 425F. Kraaijeveld and J.M. Huyghe
Author Index 443
Subject Index 445
Preface
For a long time limited computational resources restricted the scale of observationand modeling of physical systems mostly to one scale in time and space. This modusoperandi was accepted although it was well known that the response at the level ofpractical interest is to a large extent determined by processes that occur at scaleswhich are one to several orders of a magnitude smaller, namely the meso, microor even nanoscales. The rapid increase in computer power and the development ofefficient computational methods allow coming closer to the human dream of a con-tinuous model through all spatial and temporal scales. However seeking solutionsusing numerical models simultaneously at the various length scales has proven to bebeyond current computational capabilities. This perception is the starting point forthe development of Multiscale Methods which is currently one of the hot researchtopics all over the world. Multiscale Methods either derive properties at the levelof observation by repeated numerical homogenization of more fundamental physicalproperties several scales below (upscaling), or they devise concurrent schemes wherethose parts of the domain that are of interest are computed with a higher resolutionthan parts that are of less interest or where the solution is varying only slowly.
The present volume contains selected papers presented at the InternationalColloquium on Multiscale Methods in Computational Mechanics in Rolduc, theNetherlands, on 11–13 March 2009 (MMCM 2009). The contributions in the firstpart address multiscale methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics; in particularturbulence modeling applying the Variational Multiscale Method is described. Thesecond part deals with materials having a distinct microstructure such as single- andpoly-crystals, granular materials, aggregates embedded in a matrix, micro-laminatesand nano-composites. Part three focuses on materials and structures and the interac-tion between their behavior on micro/meso- and macro-scales. Failure of compositesand laminates, material modeling of shotcrete in tunnels, buckling of paperboard ondifferent scales as well as material and structural optimization are investigated. Thefourth part concentrates on coupled problems and porous media like concrete andcharged hydrated materials.
The mentioned colloquium was organized by the German–Dutch Research Unit“Multiscale Methods in Computational Mechanics”, in which a group of scientistsin Germany at Universität Stuttgart and TU München and in the Netherlands at TU
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Delft and TU Eindhoven have joined forces in order to address a variety of problemareas and computational solution strategies for multiscale methods in mechanics ofstructures, materials and flows. This joint project, which serves as a prototype forresearch cooperations within Europe, was financially supported by the German Re-search Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG FOG 509), The Neth-erlands Technology Foundation (STW) and The Netherlands Organization for Sci-entific Research (NWO). This support is very much appreciated.
We also would like to thank the authors very much for their valuable contribu-tions. Furthermore our thanks go to Springer for taking over the publication of thisvolume in its LNACM series.
January 2010René de Borst, Technische Universiteit EindhovenEkkehard Ramm, Universität Stuttgart
List of Authors
Acartürk, Ayhan Y.Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Mechanik (Bauwesen), Stuttgart, [email protected]
Akkerman, IdoUniversity of California, San Diego, Department of Structural Engineering, [email protected]
Allix, OlivierL.M.T., ENS de Cachan, [email protected]
Aslan, OzgurMines ParisTech, Centre des Matériaux, Evry, [email protected]
Badia, SantiagoUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya, International Center for Numerical Methods inEngineering (CIMNE), Barcelona, [email protected]
Bazilevs, YuriUniversity of California, San Diego, Department of Structural Engineering, [email protected]
de Borst, RenéEindhoven University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Eindhoven, The [email protected]
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xii List of Authors
Bruss, IngridUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Baustatik und Baudynamik, Stuttgart, [email protected]
Calo, Victor M.KAUST, Earth and Environmental Science and Engineering, Saudi [email protected]
Cid Alfaro, Marcela V.Corus, IJmuiden, The Netherlands
Codina, RamonUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Departament de Resistencia de Materials iEstructures a l’Enginyeria, Barcelona, [email protected]
Daxner, ThomasCAE Simulations & Solutions, Wien, [email protected]
Dettmar, JoachimUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Mechanik (Bauwesen), Stuttgart, Germany
Dormieux, LucÉcole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, Laboratoire des Matériaux et Structures duGénie Civil (LMSGC), Champs-sur-Marne, [email protected]
Doweidar, Mohamed H.Centro PolitCcnico Superior de Zaragoza, Área de Mecánica de Fluidos, Zaragoza,Spain
Ehlers, WolfgangUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Mechanik (Bauwesen), Stuttgart, [email protected]
Erhart, AndreaDYNAmore, Stuttgart, [email protected]
Fish, JacobRensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Multiscale Science and Engineering Center,Troy, NY, [email protected]
List of Authors xiii
Flatscher, ThomasTechnische Universität Wien, Institut für Leichtbau und Struktur-Biomechanik,Wien, [email protected]
Forest, SamuelMines ParisTech, Centre des Matériaux, Evry, [email protected]
Fuster, DanielCentro Politécnico Superior de Zaragoza, Área de Mecánica de Fluidos, Zaragoza,Spain
Gamnitzer, PeterTechnische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Numerische Mechanik, München,[email protected]
Gawin, DariuszTU Lodz, Department of Building Physics and Building Materials, Lodz, [email protected]
Geurts, Bernard J.University of Twente, Mathematical Sciences, Enschede; Eindhoven University ofTechnology, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven, The [email protected]
Gosselet, PierreL.M.T., ENS de Cachan, [email protected]
Gravemeier, VolkerTechnische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Numerische Mechanik, München,[email protected]
Hackl, KlausRuhr-Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Mechanik, Bochum, [email protected]
Hauke, GuillermoCentro Politécnico Superior de Zaragoza, Área de Mecánica de Fluidos, Zaragoza,[email protected]
xiv List of Authors
Hellmich, ChristianTechnische Universität Wien, Institut für Mechanik der Werkstoffe und Strukturen,Wien, [email protected]
Hettich, Thomas M.Mahle GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany
Hilchenbach, FrédéricUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Baustatik und Baudynamik, Stuttgart, [email protected]
Hughes, Thomas J.R.The University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Computational Engineering andSciences, Austin, [email protected]
Hulshoff, Steven J.Delft University of Technology, Aerospace Engineering, Delft, The [email protected]
Huyghe, Jacques M.R.Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering,Eindhoven, The [email protected]
Jeannin, LaurentGaz de France (GDF), France
Kato, JunjiUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Baustatik und Baudynamik, Stuttgart, [email protected]
Kerfriden, PierreL.M.T., ENS de Cachan, [email protected]
Kochmann, Dennis M.Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Mechanik, Bochum, [email protected]
Kraaijeveld, FamkeEindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The [email protected]
List of Authors xv
Lee, PilhwaUniversity of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Boulder, [email protected]
Mang, HerbertTechnische Universität Wien, Institut für Mechanik der Werkstoffe und Strukturen,Wien, [email protected]
Markert, BerndUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Mechanik (Bauwesen), Stuttgart, [email protected]
Maute, KurtUniversity of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences,Boulder, [email protected]
Miehe, ChristianUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Mechanik (Bauwesen), Stuttgart, [email protected]
Pahr, Dieter H.Technische Universität Wien, Institut für Leichtbau und Struktur-Biomechanik,Wien, [email protected]
Pesavento, FrancescoUniversità degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Costruzioni e Trasporti,Padova, [email protected]
Pichler, BernhardTechnische Universität Wien, Institut für Mechanik der Werkstoffe und Strukturen,Wien, [email protected]
Principe, JavierUniversitat Politécnica de Catalunya, International Center for Numerical Methods inEngineering (CIMNE), Barcelona, [email protected]
xvi List of Authors
Ramm, EkkehardUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Baustatik und Baudynamik, Stuttgart, [email protected]
Rammerstorfer, Franz G.Technische Universität Wien, Institut für Leichtbau und Struktur-Biomechanik,Wien, [email protected]
Sanahuja, JulienElectricité de France (EDF), Department of Materials and Mechanics ofComponents, Moret-sur-Loing, [email protected]
Schrefler, Bernhard A.Università degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Costruzioni e Trasporti,Padova, [email protected]
Scheiner, StefanThe University of Western Australia, Computer Science and Software Engineering,Crawley, Perth, Western [email protected]
Scovazzi, GuglielmoSandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, [email protected]
Suiker, Akke S.J.Delft University of Technology, Aerospace Engineering, Delft, The [email protected]
van der Zee, KrisThe University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Computational Engineering andSciences, Austin, USA
van Keulen, FredDelft University of Technology, Department of Precision and MicrosystemsEngineering, Delft, The [email protected]
Wall, Wolfgang A.Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Numerische Mechanik,München, [email protected]
List of Authors xvii
de Wit, Albert J.Dutch National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR), Amsterdam, The [email protected]
Yang, RongguiUniversity of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Boulder, [email protected]
Zäh, DominicUniversität Stuttgart, Institut für Mechanik (Bauwesen), Stuttgart, [email protected]